1、,专题七 动词和动词短语,考点1 动词的基本形式 考点2 及物动词和不及物动词 考点3 情态动词 考点4 助动词 考点5 系动词 考点6 动词短语,1.(2016广东)Tommy,_ play basketball in the street next time.You may get hit by a car. A.do B.dont C.must D.mustnt,【解析】句意:Tommy,下次不要在街道上打篮球。你可能被汽车碰着。否定祈使句要以助动词dont开头,故选B。,B,2.(2016广东)Martin and Susan _ for Shanghai to attend an i
2、nternational meeting yesterday.A.put off B.fell off C.set off D.kept off,【解析】put off推迟;fall off下降;set off出发;keep off不接近。此处表示Martin 和Susan 昨天动身去上海参加一个国际会议。故选C,C,【解析】考查情态动词的用法。根据句意“我下周一可以去参观艺术博物馆吗?”可知,所缺词表示委婉请求,应用may。故选D。,3.(2016广东)Mom,_I visit the art museum next Monday?Im afraid you cant. All museum
3、s in the city are closed on Monday.A. would B. need C. should D. may,D,4.(2015广东)_ there any living things on other planets? I have no idea.Maybe we can know more about that in the future. A.Is B.Are C.Has D.Have,【解析】此处为there be句型的一般疑问形式,且由any living things复数形式可知be动词应用Are。故选B。,B,【解析】句意:“妈妈,我们明天去海滩好吗
4、?那取决于天气”。depend on“取决于”,符合题意。故选C。,5.(2015广东) Mum, shall we go to the beach tomorrow? It _the weather. A.carries on B.lives on C.depends on D.holds on,C,6.(2015广东)Look! The traffic light has turned red. We_ stop our car. A.can B.cant C.must D.mustnt,【解析】句意:“看!交通灯变红了,我们必须停下我们的车”。must 符合题意。故选C。,C,7.(20
5、14广东)Do you need more time to complete the task? Yes. Another ten days_enough. A. is B. was C. are D. were,A,【解析】整体时间作主语时,谓语动词用单数。故选A。,8. (2014广东) I will miss my family when I go abroad for further study this autumn. Dont worry. You can_them by e-mail. A. come up with B. get along with C. make frien
6、ds with D. keep in touch with,【解析】根据答语句意“别担心,你可以通过e-mail与他们保持联系。”keep in touch with “与保持联系”符合语境。come up with“提出,想出”;get along with“与和睦相处”;make friends with“与交朋友”。故选D。,D,【解析】根据语境“晚上能和我一起?”可知,这里应该用can引导一般疑问句,表示建议和请求。故选D。,9. (2014广东) _ you come with me to Lang Langs piano concert this evening? Id love
7、to, but I have to study for my math test. A. Should B. May C. Must D. Can,D,10.(2013广东)Not only my friends but also I_ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.A. be B. am C. is D. are,【解析】考查“not only.but also”的就近原则。即谓语动词与but also后面的主语保持一致。故选B。,B,【解析】句意:医生一遍遍地检查那个哭泣的小女孩,但是找不出她有什么问题。look
8、 over“检查”;look after“照看,照顾”;look for“寻找”;look out“当心”。,11. (2013广东)Again and again the doctor _the crying baby girl, but he couldnt find out what was wrong with her.A. looked over B. looked after C. looked for D. looked out,A,12. (2013广东) Someone is knocking at the door. Is it Ann? It _ be her. She
9、is giving a performance at the theatre now.A. may B. must C. cant D. mustnt,【解析】考查情态动词表推测的用法。由后句“她这会正在剧院演出”可知,前面指“不可能是她”,故用cant“不可能”。故选C。,C,【解析】考查“both.and.”的用法。即both.and连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数。故选D。,13.(2012广东) Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _ fond of the TV program A Bite of China. I am also deeply moved by it
10、s stories.A. is B. am C. was D.are,D,14. (2012广东) _ I swim here? Im sorry. Children _ swim alone here.A. Must; cant B. May; must C. Can; mustnt D. Cant; can,【解析】can 和may都可以表示征求意见,下句表示“孩子们禁止独自在这里游泳”,所以用mustnt ,表示禁止。故选C。,C,【解析】根据句意 “我听不清楚”,推断这里应该是“你能把电视开大点声吗?”turn up“旋大,开大(音量等)”符合语境。 turn on “打开”; tur
11、n off“关上”;turn down“关小”。故选C。,15. (2012广东)I love this song by Lady Gaga. Would you _ the TV a bit, please? I cant hear it clearly.A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down,C,动词是实词的一种,表示动作或状态。动词一般分为实义动词、感官动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词五种。考点1 动词的基本形式1.动词的第三人称单数形式 在一般现在时态中,当句子的主语是第三人称单数时,句中谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。一般在动词原形后
12、加s或-es构成。详细规则如下:,2.动词的现在分词形式 在进行时态中,动词原形要变为现在分词形式。现在分词一般在动词原形末尾加-ing。详细规则如下:,3.动词的过去式和过去分词形式 在一般过去时态和完成时态中,动词原形要变为过去式或过去分词形式。过去式和过去分词形式一般在动词原形末尾加-ed。详细规则如下:,备注:动词的过去式、过去分词的不规则变化形式,没有具体的变化规律,需单独记忆。详见早读材料。考点1的练习题详见本书第54页,考点2 及物动词和不及物动词实义动词具有实在的意义,表示动作或状态,可在句中独立作谓语。实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词。 1.及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语
13、才能使其意思表达完整,如reach, ask, return, love, need, teach等。及物动词常用于下面三种句型中: (1)主语+谓语动词+宾语 如:He reached Canada the day before yesterday. 他前天到达加拿大。,(2)主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语 如:They asked me to go fishing with them. 他们让我和他们一起去钓鱼。 (3)主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 如:I will return him the storybook. 我准备把故事书还给他。 2.不及物动词本身意思完整,无须接宾语,
14、构成“主语+谓语”结构,如swim, come, go, run, travel等。如后面接宾语,必须与介词连用。 如:Lucy is swimming. 露西正在游泳。I am waiting for you at the school gate. 我正在校门口等你。考点2的练习题详见本书第54页,考点3 情态动词 情态动词本身有一定的意义,但不能独立作谓语,必须与其他动词一起构成谓语部分。情态动词没有人称和数的变化,后面动词用原形,表示说话人的态度和看法,或者表示可能、应该或必要等,给谓语动词增添感情色彩。 常见的情态动词及基本用法,考点3的练习题详见本书第54页,考点4 助动词助动词本身
15、没有意义或意义不完整,不能单独用作谓语。助动词在句中与实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语,以表示时态、语态、人称和数。此外,还可以用来构成否定、疑问或强调的句型。,考点4的练习题详见本书第55页,考点5 系动词 系动词本身没有意义或意义不完整,不能单独作谓语,必须和表语连用,构成系表结构,说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。,注意:1.一般情况下,系动词没有被动语态形式。2.表示状态的系动词一般不用于进行时(feel除外);变化系动词表示“渐渐”,可用于进行时。 如:Its getting warmer and warmer.天气渐渐变得暖和。,考点6 动词短语 1.动词短语的考查形式主要有:,2.常
16、见动词短语总结 (1)look look at看;look after照顾;look for寻找;look up查阅;look over仔细检查;look like看起来像;look into调查;look through浏览;look out小心;look up to仰视;look down upon蔑视 (2)put put on 穿上;put off推迟;put up张贴;举手;put away收拾好,(3)turn turn on打开;turn off关掉;turn up调大;turn down关小;拒绝 (4)think think of想起;think about 考虑;think
17、 over 仔细考虑;think aloud自言自语(5) come come back回来;come in 进来;come on加油;come from来自 (6)get get up 起床;get ready for 为做好准备;get on (well) with 与相处(融洽);get back 返回;get rid of 除掉,除去,(7)give give back 归还,送回;give in 屈服;give up 放弃;give sb. a call 给打电话(8)go go ahead 去吧,干吧;go to the cinema 看电影;go to bed 去睡觉;go to
18、 school去上学;go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钓鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东西;go home回家;go out for a walk 外出散步 (9)set set up 竖起,建起;set off 出发,动身;set out 出发;set an example for 为树立榜样,1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.C 10.C 11.A 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.C 16.D 17.C 18.A 19.B 20.B1.C 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.D 13.D 14.C 15.D 16.A 17.D 18.B 19.C 20.A,A组:,B组:,