1、Part 2 RC & PC beam bridge 第二篇 钢筋混凝土和预应力混凝土梁式桥,Chapter 1 第一章 Introduction of the beam bridge 梁式桥概述,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,BRIDGE ENGRG PART II,Chapter 1 Introduction of the beam bridge 梁式桥概述,1.1 Classification 类型的划分,（1）Classification based on the structural system按承重结构的静力
2、体系划分,Simple supported beam bridge简支梁桥 Continuous beam bridge连续梁桥 Cantilever beam bridge悬臂梁桥,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,Development on the structure 结构体系的演变,Simple supported beam 简支梁,Span increasing 跨度增加,q,l,ql2/8,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,Continuous b
3、eam 连续梁,Cantilever beam 悬臂梁,1.1 Classification 类型的划分,（1） Classification based on the structural system按承重结构的静力体系划分 （2）Classification based on the structural section按承重结构的截面形式划分,板桥 肋板式梁桥 箱形梁桥,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,Chapter 1 Introduction of the beam bridge 梁式桥概述,Evolution
4、of the section 截面形式的演变,Solid slab实心板,Slab with ribs 肋板,Slab with hollow 空心板,T beam T形梁,Box girder箱梁,Span increasing 跨度增加,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,Chapter 1 Introduction of the beam bridge 梁式桥概述,武汉理工大学交通学院 制作：陈小佳,Chapter 2 第二章 Outline on the design and construct of beam brid
5、ge 梁式桥设计要点与构造,Part 2 RC & PC beam bridge 第二篇 钢筋混凝土和预应力混凝土梁式桥,BRIDGE ENGRG PART II,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,1.1 Simple-supported structure 简支体系,1.1.1 Simple-supported slab bridge 简支板桥 Height 建筑高度小 Form 外形简单，施工安装简便 Span 跨径不宜过大,Dimension of Simple-supported slab 简支板的构造尺寸,SCHOOL
6、OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1.1. Simple-supported structure 简支体系,1.1.2 Simple-supported beam bridge 简支梁桥,Dimension of Simple-supported beam简支梁的构造尺寸,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,Standard dimension of simple-support
7、ed beam 标准图简支梁的构造尺寸,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1.1. Simple-supported structure 简支体系,1.1.2 Simple-supported beam bridge 简支梁桥,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,1.2 cantilever beam system 悬臂体系,1.2.1 RC cantilever beam bridge 钢筋混凝土悬臂梁桥,Single span with two cantilev
8、ers 单孔双悬臂梁桥T section T形截面 lx=(0.30.4) l Box girder 箱形截面 lx=(0.40.6) l,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,1.2 Cantilever beam system 悬臂体系,Three span with cantilevers and a hang Beam 三跨带挂梁单悬臂梁桥l1=(0.60.8) l lg=(0.40.6) l h=(1/121/20) lg
9、H=(1.51.8) h,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1.2.1 RC cantilever beam bridge 钢筋混凝土悬臂梁桥,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,1.2 Cantilever beam system 悬臂体系,Multi-span with double cantilevers and hang beams多跨带挂梁双悬臂梁桥 l1=(0.750.8) l lg=(0.50.6) l,l,l1,lg,H,h,l,lg,SCHOOL
10、OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,1.2.1 RC cantilever beam bridge 钢筋混凝土悬臂梁桥,T section T形梁 Box girder 箱形梁 h=(1/121/20) l h=(1/121/20) l H=(1.51.8) h H=(1.01.5) h,1.2 Cantilever beam system 悬臂体系,1.2.2 PC cantilever beam bridge 预应力混凝土悬臂梁桥,PC ca
11、ntilever beam bridge is more suitable for large span of more than 50m 跨度超过50m以上，采用预应力混凝土悬臂梁桥更合理。 l1=(0. 50.8) l h=(1/201/25) l lg=(0.20.4) l H=(1.01.5) h,l,l1,lg,H,h,l,lg,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,1.2 Cantilever beam system 悬臂
12、体系,由于施工阶段的受力与结构使用状态下的受力的一致性， T形刚构桥常是经济的方案。全桥的T形单元尺寸尽可能相同， 以简化设计与施工；T形刚构的布置应尽可能对称，以避免T形刚构的桥墩承受不平衡弯矩。,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,1.2.3 PC rigid-frame bridge 预应力混凝土T形刚构桥,1.2 Cantilever beam system 悬臂体系,Structural arrangement of ri
13、gid-frame刚构的布置形式：,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,1.2.3 PC rigid-frame bridge 预应力混凝土T形刚构桥,1.2 Cantilever beam system悬臂体系,T形刚构支点、跨中梁高与跨径的关系：带铰T形刚构 l100mH=(1/141/22) l h=(0.200.4) H 且h 1.0m带挂梁T形刚构l100mH=(1/171/21) l h=(0.200.4) H 且h 1
14、.5m,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,1.2.3 PC rigid-frame bridge 预应力混凝土T形刚构桥,1.3 Continuous beam system 连续体系,Mid-span 中间跨 l =8 14m Side-span 边跨（ 0.70.8）l Height on mid-span section跨中截面高 h= (1/181/30)l Height on supported section支点截面高
15、 H =(1.21.5)h,1.3.1 Continuous slab bridge 连续板桥,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,1.3 Continuous beam system 连续体系,不等跨变截面连续梁布置（以三跨为例） 边跨（ 0.60.8）l 支架施工可取0.8l 悬臂施工可取 0.65l 折线形变截面支点截面高 H =(1/161/20)l，跨中截面高 h= (1/221/28)l 曲线形变截面 支点截面高 H =
16、(1/161/20) l，跨中截面高 h= (1/301/50)l等跨等截面连续梁布置 截面高 h =(1/151/30)l ，常用 h= (1/181/20)l,1.1.1 Continuous beam bridge连续梁桥,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,1 Elevation arrangement for beam bridge 梁式桥的立面布置,2 design and construct of the slab bridge 板桥的设计与构造,2.1 form of the simple-supported s
17、lab bridge 简支板桥的构造,Section of slab 板桥的截面形式,Solid 实心板,Irregular shape异形板,Integral 整体式,Assemble 装配式,Solid 实心板,Hollow 空心板,(1) Reinforcement detail 配筋构造：主筋不小于 12mm720cm 且两侧边缘板带的主钢筋数量，宜较中间2/3板宽范围内板带增加15% 分布筋不小于 6 mm25cm 保护层厚度不小于2cm 深入支点的主筋总量不少于跨中主筋总量的1/4，且间距不少于每米3根,2.1.1 Cast-in-site slab bridge 整体式板桥,SC
18、HOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,2.1 Construct of the simple-supported slab bridge 简支板桥的构造,2.1.1 Cast-in-site slab bridge 整体式板桥,（2）A case 实例 标准跨径6m，桥面净宽-7m+2x0.2m,汽车-20级，挂车-100,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,2.1 Construct of the simple-supported slab bridge 简支板桥的构
19、造,2.1.2 Construction of the prefabricated slab 装配式板桥的构造,装配式板桥分实心板和空心板 标准图实心铰接板 跨径为：1.5m、 1.0m， 1.5m， 2.0m， 3.0m， 4.0m， 6.0m和8.0m 桥面净宽按照老规范有净-7和净-9两种。,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,2.1 Construct of the simple-supported slab bridge 简支板桥的构造,2.1 简支板桥的构造,2.1.2 Construction of the pre
20、fabricated slab装配式板桥的构造,标准图实心铰接板实例,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,2.1 Construct of the simple-supported slab bridge 简支板桥的构造,2.1.2 Construction of the prefabricated slab装配式板桥的构造,Transverse connection 装配式板桥的横向联接 企口混凝土铰连接 钢板连接,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,2.1.1
21、 Static characteristic of the skew bridge斜交板桥的受力特点,力的传递规律,正交简支板,斜交简支板,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,2.2 Features of the skew bridge 斜交板桥的特点,2.1.1 Static characteristic of the skew bridge 斜交板桥的受力特点,受力特点,斜跨径l的简支斜板的纵向主弯矩比同宽、跨径l 的正交简支板之值小，并随斜交角的增大而减小；,b,b,在与钝角的平分线相垂直的方向上，具有较大的负弯矩，并随
22、斜交角的增大而增大，其分布范围不宽并迅速消减；,支撑边上的反力很不均匀，在两钝角部分的支座压力要大得多，而锐角处反力较小，甚至出现负反力（上翘）；,l,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,2.2 Features of the skew bridge 斜交板桥的特点,l,2.1.2 Construction features of the skew slab斜交板桥的构造特点,整体式斜交板城市板桥l与b 较接近（ l/b 1.3),两钝角之间，配置主筋垂直于支撑边；,分布筋与支撑边平行；,靠近自由边，主筋延斜边布置，与两钝角之间
23、主筋完全衔接。,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,2.2 Features of the skew bridge 斜交板桥的特点,2.2 Features of the skew bridge 斜交板桥的特点,2.1.2 Construction features of the skew slab斜交板桥的构造特点,装配式斜交板板宽b=99cm，一般 l/b 1.3,当=2535，平行四边形布置；,当=4060，主筋延斜边布置，分布筋两钝角之间垂直于主筋，在支撑边附近着平行于支撑边；,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTAT
24、ION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.1 Construct characteristic of the simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式简支梁桥的构造特点,Section 截面型式槽形、T形和箱形。,3.1 Construction features of the prefabricated simple-supported beam bridge装配式简支梁桥的构造特点,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,槽形截面的特点： 施工稳定
25、性好，安装较方便； 腹板薄，配筋通常只能采用钢筋网片，难以形成骨架； 钢筋用量相对较多，构件重量较大； 通常采用钢筋混凝土(RC)，适用跨径为612m。,1. Section 截面型式,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.1 Construct characteristic of the simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式简支梁桥的构造特点,武汉理工大学交通学院 制作：陈小佳,T形截面的特点： 制造简单； 肋内配筋可以做成钢筋骨架； 整体性较好，接头方便 施工
26、稳定性差，运输和安装较复杂； 构件在桥面板的跨中接头，对板的受力不利； 采用RC时，适用跨径为4.520m；采用PC时，适用跨径为2040m；,1. Section 截面型式,跨中接头位置,3.1 Construct characteristic of the simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式简支梁桥的构造特点,箱形截面的特点： 抗扭刚度大，偏心荷载下梁的受力较均匀； 横向抗弯刚度大，稳定性好； 制作较复杂，重量相对较大；,1. Section 截面型式,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUC
27、ED BY：X J CHEN,3.1 Construct characteristic of the simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式简支梁桥的构造特点,块件划分的原则 （1）技术可行：预制、吊装、运输条件 （2）受力较小：接缝的位置 （3）施工简单：接缝的数量 （4）力求标准化 块件划分方式 （1）纵向竖缝 （2）纵向水平缝 （3）纵、横向竖缝,2. 块件划分,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.1 Construct characteristic of
28、the simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式简支梁桥的构造特点,（1）纵向竖缝,2. 块件划分,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.1 Construct characteristic of the simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式简支梁桥的构造特点,3.1 Construct characteristic of the simple-supported and fabricated RC be
29、am bridge 装配式简支梁桥的构造特点,（1）纵向水平缝,2. 块件划分,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,主梁布置 横隔梁布置,3.2.1 构造布置,b,l/2,l/2,l/4,l/4,b,端横隔板,中横隔板,1/4横隔板,A,A,A-A,B,B,B-B,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.2 design and construct of simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式钢筋混凝土
30、简支梁桥,主梁及横隔梁布置实例,3.2.1 构造布置,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.2 design and construct of simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式钢筋混凝土简支梁桥,主梁,3.2.2 截面尺寸的拟定,边梁,中梁,1518cm,h= (1/111/16)l,h=3/4h,R,A,68cm,h/12,150220cm,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.2 desi
31、gn and construct of simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式钢筋混凝土简支梁桥,横隔板,3.2.2 截面尺寸的拟定,横隔板,16cm,梁高,h=3/4h,R,14cm,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.2 design and construct of simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式钢筋混凝土简支梁桥,主筋主筋的弯起分布钢筋其它构造钢筋保护层,3.2.3 钢筋构造,SCHOO
32、L OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.2 design and construct of simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式钢筋混凝土简支梁桥,干接头 湿接头,3.2.4 装配式主梁的连接构造,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.2 design and construct of simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式钢筋混凝土简支梁桥,湿接
33、头实例,3.2.4 装配式主梁的连接构造,连接前 连接后,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.2 design and construct of simple-supported and fabricated RC beam bridge 装配式钢筋混凝土简支梁桥,端部梁肋加厚梁肋下部加宽成马蹄形翼缘板加宽,3.3.1 构造布置,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.3 design and construct of simple-supported and
34、 fabricated PC beam bridge 装配式预应力混凝土简支梁桥,核心截面概念作用在核心区域内的轴向力在截面上将不产生拉应力,3.3.2 截面尺寸拟定,P,P,h,x=0,s=0,1/3h,1/3h,1/3h,核心距,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.3 design and construct of simple-supported and fabricated PC beam bridge 装配式预应力混凝土简支梁桥,截面上受弯矩和轴向力作用时,弯矩的作用等效于轴向力上移一段距离：,3.3.2 截面尺寸
35、拟定,P,h,e,P,M,e = M / P,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.3 design and construct of simple-supported and fabricated PC beam bridge 装配式预应力混凝土简支梁桥,施工阶段-施加预应力,3.3.2 截面尺寸拟定,e,Ny,-,Ny e,h,Ny,e,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.3 design and construct of simple-supporte
36、d and fabricated PC beam bridge 装配式预应力混凝土简支梁桥,运营阶段,3.3.2 截面尺寸拟定,e,-,+,Mg2 +Mp,二期恒载及活载,Ny e- Mg1,h,Ny - Ny,e=ko+ku= (Mg2 + Mp ) / ( Ny - Ny ),e,e,ku,上核心点,ko,Ny - Ny,Ny - Ny,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.3 design and construct of simple-supported and fabricated PC beam bridge 装配
37、式预应力混凝土简支梁桥,结论截面设计中应使截面的形心位置要高，以加大偏心距e，从而节省预应力筋的数量；e= Mg1 / Ny Ny e= Mg1 截面核心距的大小体现了运营阶段承受荷载的能力，而且核心距k值越大，预应力筋就越节省； ko+ky= (Mg2 + Mp ) / ( Ny - Ny ) ( Ny - Ny )(ko+ky)= (Mg2 + Mp ),3.3.2 截面尺寸拟定,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.3 design and construct of simple-supported and fabric
38、ated PC beam bridge 装配式预应力混凝土简支梁桥,截面效率指标= k / h好的预应力T形梁设计，应当是截面效率指标大，形心位置高。一般地说，腹板愈薄， 值也愈大；马蹄愈小，翼缘愈宽，则形心位置越高。,3.3.2 截面尺寸拟定,h,b1,b,h=（1/16 1/18 ）l h=（0.150.2） h b=1.82.3m b=0.140.18m b1=(2.03.0) b 马蹄区管道保护层厚度6cm 马蹄面积不宜少于全截面的10%12%,b,h,45,SCHOOL OF TRANSPORTATION, WUT PRODUCED BY：X J CHEN,3.3 design and construct of simple-supported and fabricated PC beam bridge 装配式预应力混凝土简支梁桥,（1）纵向预应力筋布置上、下限心点和索界,3.3.3 配筋特点,h,=(Ny Ny),
