1、第三篇 中考题型实战第 38 课 语法填空解题策略方法根据浙江省近 3 年中考真题可知，语法填空分为根据上下文在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。一、根据上下文在空白处填入一个适当的词，常考查冠词、介词、连词、宾语从句引导词，定语从句关系词和感叹句引导词等，针对以上的考查点，考生可采取以下方法：1. 冠词：根据语境，若空白处后的名词表示单数概念，且该空表泛指或特指，则考虑用冠词。表泛指用不定冠词 a/an，若该各词以元音音素开头，用不定冠词 an，以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a。表特指用定冠词 the。2. 介词：浙江省语法填空对介词的考查包括介词的基本用法（见第 23 课
2、常用介词的主要用法）和介词的固定搭配。常见的介词固定搭配有：（1）动词与介词的搭配wait for 等待（2017绍兴中考 67 题/金华中考 68 题） ；look forword to 盼望；look after 照顾；take care of照顾；take pride in 为骄傲；spend.on 在上花费；come from 来自（2017衢州中考 64 题）（2）形容词和介词搭配be different from 与不同（2017台州中考 69 题） ；be good at 擅长于；be harmful to 对有害；be busy with 忙于；be angry with 对生
3、气；be proud of 以为骄傲（3）名词与介词的搭配to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是（2017湖州中考 67 题） ；in English 用英语（2017丽水中考 68 题） ；on foot 步行；by bike 骑车 by accident 偶然；by mistake 无意；in fact 事实上；on ones way to 在某人去的路上（4）其他常见介词短语the same as 和一样；instead of 代替；as for 至于；next to 紧挨着；because of 因为3. 连词：对于连词的考查，首先要分析连词所连接的两个句子之间的关系，从而确
4、定该用并列连词还是从属连词（见第 24 课连词的用法）常考查的连词有 when 当时候（2017衢州中考 69 题） ；so.that.如此以至于 （2017金华中考 69 题） ；so 因此（2017台州中考 64 题） ；because 因为（2017嘉兴中考 64 题） ；since 自从（2017丽水中考 66 题） ；not.until.直到才（直到） ；though 虽然；but 但是。4. 宾语从句引导词和定语从句关系词（具体见第 31 课宾语从句和宾语从语的用法） 。5. 感叹句：感叹句常见的结构有：（1）what+a/an+ 形容词+ 可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！（2）wh
5、at+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！（3）How+ 形容词 /副词（+ 主语+ 谓语）！如果感叹名词，用 what（a/an ） （2017绍兴中考 69 题） ；如果感叹形容词：用 how（2017 衢州中考 65 题） 。6. 常考句型 Its+adj.+for sb. to do sth. 做某事对于某人来说 （2017台州中考 68 题）二、用所给词的适当形式填空常考查动词的被动语态（2017衢州中考 63 题，台州中考 63 题） 。动词的现在完成时（2017绍兴中考 70 题/嘉兴中考 62 题） 、动词不定式（2017绍兴中考 68 题） 、动词的固定搭配（2
6、017金华中考 66 题） 、动词的一般过去时（2017金华中考 65 题） ；动词一般现在时的三单形式、动词一般将来时、情态动词表推测等；常考查形容词的比较级（2017杭州中考 59 题） ，最高级（2017金华中考 63 题）相应和副词形式（2017金华中考 70 题） ，常考查名词的复数（2017杭州中考 57 题）和所有格；常考查代词的五种（主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词）形式互换（2017杭州中考 53 题） 。当堂检测A（2017绍兴中考）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于
7、 3 个单词） 。Malala Yousafzai, 19, is a Pakistani youth activist. She is the 1 （young） person in the world ever to be named United Nations（U.N.）Messenger（信使）of Peace. The United Nations is 2 international organization, which is meant to encourage 3 （country） to work together on different opinions withou
8、t the use of war. Yousafzai has 4 （glad） accepted the role of working for girls education. Usually, a messenger 5 （stay） in the position（职位） for three years. “If 6 want to see your future bright, you have to start working now and not wait 7 anyone else,” she said at the acceptance meeting in New Yor
9、k. In 2012, Yousafzai was nearly killed by the Taliban because she worked hard 8 （get） the same education for young girls in Pakistan. But later her condition improved. 9 a brave girl!Since then Yousafzai 10 （become） a symbol for peace and girls right to receive an education.B（2016衢州中考）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构
10、的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于 3 个单词） 。Danny has a hobbyplaying games online. He is interested 1 solving puzzles. He particularly enjoys chatting to other gamers.Now Danny 2 （sit ） quietly in front of his computer. His mother thinks he is doing his homework,3 she is wrong. Danny is
11、actually surfing the Internet, solving puzzles and chatting to other gamers around the world. 4 funny it is!Danny thinks.Why are games online so interesting? “5 I can pretend to be a different person. There are also many different 6 （ kind） of games for me to play,” says Danny. “Other people love to
12、 play these games because they can play at any time. They do not need to organize a group. Someone in the world always wants 7 （play）.”Starting a game online is not easy. Some gamers 8 （not） welcome new gamers. They will become angry when new gamers ask them questions. Other gamers are helpful. They
13、 want to make new friends. When Danny has 9 question, he always says, “Excuse me, are you busy? I am new at this game and I need some help.” Sometimes this 10 （work）. At other times, however, the gamer at the other end makes you feel like a fool.C（2017湖州市吴兴区模拟）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词
14、或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空（每空不多于 3 个单词） 。Dear Ronny,Years ago, you 1 （come ） to me for help. You said, “Grandpa, how could you achieve so much in your life? Youre still full of energy, and Im already tired of trying hard for my life. What should I do?”I didnt know 2 to say to you. But I think I should give you
15、 3 answer. Here is what I believe.First, realize that life 4 （fill） with surprises, but many are good ones. If you dont keep 5 （watch） for them, youll miss at least half of the excitement. Welcome challenges. Theyll make you wiser, stronger, and more powerful 6 you were the day before. When you make
16、 mistakes, be 7 （thank） for the things they teach you.Second, there will be more opportunities while you are growing up. So you have to be brave enough to move 8 a known place to an unknown one. Consider all the roads ahead, and decide which one to follow. Then believe in 9 （ you）, get up, and keep
17、going.Most important of all, never give up. The person that ends up as a 10 （win） is the one who has the strong will to win. Give life everything youve got, and life will give its best back to you.Love always,Grandpa参 考 答 案当堂检测A：1. youngest 2. an 3. countries 4. gladly 5. stays 6. you 7. for 8. to get 9. What 10. has becomeB：1. in 2. is sitting 3. but 4. How 5. Because 6. kinds 7. to play 8. dont 9. a 10. worksC：1. came 2. what 3. an 4. is filled 5. watching 6. than 7. thankful 8. from 9. yourself 10. winner
