1、Theory of Physical Education Olympic Games by Shen Ling,Section 1 Ancient Olympic Games,Ancient Olympic Games site,The Ancient Olympic Games was a great creation of the Greek people and it was a great cultural origin of civilization and advancement of human beings. 古代奥运会是希腊人民的伟大创举，也是人类文明与进步的巨大的文化源泉。
2、,The Ancient Olympic Games dates back to 776 B C.,Chief God-Zeus 万神之首- 宙斯,The ceremonies were always broken by wars,Agreement,To stop war and keep peace holding the first Ancient Olympic Games in front of the temple of Zeus in Olympia. Kings: ElisSibada Pisa,During the Games the athletes from cities
3、 and towns got together,The Spirit of Ancient Olympic Games :,Peace and Friendship,Features of Ancient Olympic Games:,3. It had a distinctive feature - nakedsports,1. It was a synthetic gathering in Greece.,2. It was a part of national culture of Greece,The athletes took part in the competitions in
4、animals skins in Ancient Olympic Games,Finally he beat his rival and became the champion,Women were forbidden to watch and take part in the competitions,Reasons :,1. Most of athletes were naked.,2. The sports events were one of the religious activities, it was a blasphemy(亵渎) to God if women were th
5、ere.,There was a biggest accident in Ancient Olympics,According to the rule she would be killed,A lot of Chieftain(首领、长老) plead for mercy(宽恕) so she was saved from death.,The winner could receive a flower ring and a portrait of herself.,The Ancient Greek people thought it was very glorious to get me
6、rit with sportsmanship,光明正大地胜才是最光荣的,Fine and sculpture,If someone infringed the rules, he would be punished severely being deprived of his championship and heavily fined to warn others违者都要受到严厉的惩罚,不仅要剥夺冠军的称号，还要罚重金以警世人。,There were such sentences on the sculpture :,The victory of Olympics couldnt be wo
7、n by money, but by fast legs and strong body.奥林匹克的胜利不是可用金钱买来的，而需依靠飞快的两腿和健壮的体魄。,From the first Ancient Olympics in 776 BC to 394 A D, there held 293 Ancient Olympics in all,At first there was only one event - dash,Ancient Olympics was an important festival for Greek people,It promoted the exchange an
8、d development of sports and arts, and brought a colorful civilization for human beings and was thought to be the source of strength and spirit.它有力地促进了体育、艺术的交流和发展，给人类文化生活带来了优美绚丽的形象，因而被人们认为是人的力量与精神和谐统一的源泉,However:,In146 BC, Roman Empire invaded Greece, leaving Greek people lost their freedom.罗马帝国入侵吞并了
9、希腊，使人民完全失去了自由。,Later the Emperor of Rome Diaodociz put an end to the Ancient Olympic Games declaring it as a paganism and his successor Diaodociz ordered to set fire to the construction and building of Olympia. 后来罗马皇帝狄奥多西一世以异教之罪名废止古奥运会，而其后即位者狄奥多西二世又下令烧毁奥林匹亚的大部分建筑与设施。,A western ancient sports civiliz
10、ation that last for more than a thousand years was buried by savage disaster and man-made.,Section 2 Modern Olympic Games,The father of the Modern Olympics,皮埃尔德顾拜旦（Pierre de Coubertin，186311193792），现代奥林匹克运动创始人、史学家、教育家。,The Modern Olympics is an inheritance (继承）and development of the Ancient Olympics
11、.,It is supplemented with massed events and has become the large international sports meeting having far-reaching influences on the highest level.,它增设了集体项目，使之成为规模最大、水平最高和影响最深远的综合性运动会。,Its purpose is:,unity, peace, friendship promoting physical and mental growth of athletes and a better understanding
12、 between them so as to build a beautiful and a peaceful world.,1. Summer Olympics,But in fact, only 25 are held , the 6th ,12th and 13th were not held because of the two World Wars.,Since the first Modern Olympics held in 1896 until 2004, 28 Summer Olympics have been held.,The events of Summer Olymp
13、ics,So far there are 28 movements including more than 301 events in Summer Olympics.,track and field（田径）,swimming, gymnastics （体操）football, basketball, volleyball, hockey （曲棍球）weightlifting（举重）cycling （自行车）wrestling（摔跤）judo （柔道）boxing, handball, table tennis, baseball, badminton and so on.,Its event
14、 includes:,The time is limited within 16 days including the opening ceremony,Summer Olympic Games,2. Winter Olympics,There was once the figure skating event at the 4th Summer Olympics in 1908.,Chamonix（夏蒙尼） Winter Games in France were recognized as the first Winter Olympic Games by International Oly
15、mpic Committee in 1925.,Up to 2006, 20 Winter Olympics had been held in all.,In 19th Winter Olympics:,Chinese famous short track skater Yang Yang (A) got two gold medals for China.,In February 2006, 20th Winter Olympics in Torino托里诺 (即都灵) in Italy.,younger skater Wang Meng got a gold medals again fo
16、r China in short track speed skating,And Chinese skier Han Xiaopeng got second gold medal for China in freestyle skiing,These great achievements proved that,Chinese winter events is getting stronger day by day.,Its event includes:,modern winter biathlon 冬季两项 (skiing and shooting),skiing (alpine skii
17、ng高山滑雪, cross-country skiing越野滑雪, ski jumping跳台滑雪 and freestyle skiing自由式滑雪), ice hockey.skating (speed skating, figure skating and short track speed skating), sledge sport 雪橇, ice dancing and so on.,The time for the Winter Olympics is also limited within 16 days including the opening ceremony.,Skii
18、ng Jumping,3.Paralympic Games,In 1944, Dr. Ludwig Guttman opened a spinal(脊髓的) injuries treatment center at the Stoke Mandeville Hospital in England.,He saw sport as a vital part of the overall rehabilitation(复原) process for people with disabilities.,Dr. Guttman s work was the inspiration（灵感）for the
19、 establishment of the Paralympic Games.,In 1948, Stoke Mandeville Hospital began running national competitions against other hospitals and clubs, the first of which coincided with the opening day of the 1948 Olympic Games in London, England.,1948年，斯托克曼德威尔医院开始在英国组织全国医院和俱乐部之间的体育竞赛，第一次活动正好与同年在伦敦举行的奥运会同
20、一天开幕。,Four years later, competitors from Holland joined the games and the international movement, now known as the Paralympics, was born. 使之成为国际化的体育运动，从此，残奥会诞生了。,The Games were set up primarily as an athletic competition for people with disabilities. 残奥会是专为残障 人士举办的体育竞 技活动。,The word “Paralympics” com
21、es from the Latin word “Para”,It means “paraplegic” 截瘫的、截瘫患者and the word “Olympic”. The term “Paralympic Games” was only formally approved by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1984,The first true Paralympic Games to be held alongside the Olympic Games was in 1998 in Seoul, South Korea.,To
22、day, the Paralympics are elite sport events for athletes from six different disability groups. They emphasize, however, the participants athletic achievements rather than their disability它注重的是参加者的成绩，而不是他们的残疾。,Section 3 Ceremony and Feature of Olympics,1. Ceremony,The order of entrance,On the opening
23、 ceremony the athletes from every country enter the stadium according to the order of Latin letters. Athletes of Greece are the first to enter, those from the host country are the last.,On the ceremony the Chairman of Olympic Committee will give a brief congratulation,and then he invites the Head of
24、 the host state to announce Olympic Games opening.,2. The Flag,The flag is white with five rings in different colors on it. It was designed according to Coubertin s idea in 1913.,Handing over ceremony,The representative of the last Olympic host city gives the flag back to Chairman of Olympic Committ
25、ee, then the Chairman hands it to the mayor of the Olympic host city and a grand flag-raising ceremony follows.,There is the flag-lowering. The flag is kept by the host city for 4 years then handed over to next Olympics host city.,On the closing ceremony,3. The Flame,The proposal of igniting the fla
26、me was also advanced by Coubertin in 1912.,It symbolizes unity, peace, and friendship,Igniting the flame is a custom of the Ancient Greece.,Greek girls in national robe gather the sunshine with spot-mirror to ignite the flame.,The flame is carrying to the host country the day before the Olympics ope
27、ning ceremony.,4. The Oath,“I represent all athletes to swear, we will take part in the Olympics at real sports spirit for sports glory and our national honor and respect the rules.”,The judge says:,“ I represent all judges to swear, we will respect and obey all rules of Olympics and perform our dut
28、y impartially and selflessly.”,1. Whats important is participation rather than winning.,5. The Motto,2. Faster, higher, stronger !,Section 4 China and The Olympic games,In1932 China sent a student named Liu Chang Chun from Northeastern University to take part in the 10th Olympics.,Early in 1922, Chi
29、na set up a relationship with International Olympic Committee.,corrupt 腐败 incompetent 无能,To invite China to participate in the 15th Olympic Games.,But because some people in the International Olympic Committee fabricated（捏造） “two China” deliberately, Chinese Olympic Committee declared to break down
30、the relationship with International Olympic Committee in 1958,Up to 1979 the relationship between International Olympic Committee and Chinese Olympic Committee was improved and Chinas legal status was resumed,国际奥委会与中国奥委会的关系才得以改善，恢复了中国的合法权利。,In July 1984, Chinese Olympic Committee first sent over 350
31、 athletes to participate in the 23rd Summer Olympics.,The great achievements of Chinese sports delegation have showed:,中华民族不愧是一个伟大的民族，中国人民不必仰慕别人的成功，完全可以为自己的光荣感到自豪。,Chinese is great nation, Chinese neednt admire others success and they can be proud of themselves,中国从昔日被人污蔑 为“东亚病夫”的体育弱国，成为世界体坛上举足轻重的一只劲
32、旅。,With the implementation of reform and opening policy, with Chinese becoming prosperous and strong, Chinese people once labeled as “Asian sick people” has now become a strong rival in world sports,In 2000 China came third in the world by winning 28 gold medals in Sydney Olympics.,In 2004 Chinese h
33、urdle runner Liu Xiang got gold medal in an absolute advantage in 110 meters hurdle in Athens, which proved once again the great potential of China sports.,The Chinese people long for the flame of Olympics being ignited on the ground of China with ancient civilization. 中国人民渴望奥林匹克的圣火能在古老文明的中华大地上点燃。,O
34、n Dec 1, 1991, Beijing, on behalf of the Chinese people, sent to the International Olympic committee the application to hold the 2000 Olympics.,In1999, Beijing had made another application to hold the 2008 Olympics and became one of the five cities to apply for the Olympics with advantages.,On July
35、13, 2001, International Olympic Committee voted to decide that the 2008 Olympics would be held by Beijing.,Its success is a symbol that China is getting stronger day by day.,北京的成功是中国改革开放以来现代化建设取得举世瞩目的成就，综合国力水平不断提高的具体体现，无论对中国还是对奥林匹克运动都具有重要而深远的意义。,its success gives the credit to the modern achievement
36、 since the opening and reform for China. It has a far-reaching significance for China and the Olympic Games.,It will build a new bridge for China to extend cooperation and friendship with international society in the new century.,It will open a new window for the world to know China further.,We beli
37、eve that when the flame of Olympics is ignited on the ground of China, the five rings of the Olympics will become brighter and more splendid in Beijings sky.,相信当奥运圣火在中华大地点燃时，奥林匹克运动的五色光环定会在北京的上空更加灿烂辉煌。,We wish the 2008 Olympic Games a great success!,Questions:,When was the 1st Ancient Olympics held? And how many times was it held? What is the spirit of the Ancient Olympics ? What is the features of the Ancient Olympic Games? Who is called the father of the Modern Olympics? Who and in what event wins the first gold medal for China in Chinese Olympics history?,
