1、时 态,一、定义：在英语中，不同时间发生的 动作要用不同的动词形式表 示，这每一种不同的形式就叫做时态。,二、时态的种类：英语中共有8种时态,future,past,now,一般将来时,一般过去时,现在完成时,一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成进行时,before,过去完成时,过去进行时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,常用八种时态,现在进行时,现在完成时,过去进行时,现在完成进行时,过去完成时,本节课内容,概念：,常用时间状语 ：,构成形式 ：,1.一般现在时态( The Simple Present Tense),表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或状态。,do / does(三单),ever
2、y day, always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, three times a day , etc,Grammar(语法),一般现在时1、主系表结构2、行为动词的一般现在时,将下列句子变为否定句和一般疑问句,1.I am a student. 2.She is my sister. 3.They are my friends.,讨论：以上句子属于什么结构？ 含有系动词的一般现在时的句子肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句的结构：,1.be 动词的一般现在时的句式：肯定句： 主语+be+表语(n., adj.等)否定句： 主语+be+ not+表语一
3、般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?,将下列句子变为否定句和一般疑问句并回答,1.We have a TV.2.They watch TV every day.3. I play sports.,讨论：怎样将该类句子变为否定句和一般疑问句？,否：We dont have a TV,Do you have a TV? Yes,we do . No we dont.,They dont watch Tv every day.,Do they watch TV every day?Yes,they do.No,they dont.,I dont play sports.
4、Do you play sports?Yes I do. No, I dont.,肯定句： 主语+ 动词原形+. 否定句： 主语+ dont+动词原形+. 疑问句： Do +主语+动词原形+.? 想一想： 主语有什么特点？,主语是非第三人称单数 (I/you/we/they/my sisters/Tom and Jim.),将下列句子变为否定句和一般疑问句。,1.She likes English.2.Jim has an orange.3.He watches TV every day.,讨论：怎样将该类句子变为否定句和一般疑问句？,She doesnt like English.Does
5、she like English? Yes, she does. No, she doesnt.,Jim doesnt have an orange. Yes, he does. Does Jim have an orange? No,he doesnt.,He doesnt watch TV every day. Yes, he does. Does he watch TV every day? No，he doesnt.,肯定句：主语（三单）+动词（三单）+. 否定句：主语（三单） +doesnt+动词原形+. 疑问句： Does+主语（三单） +动词原形+.?,s,es,y ies,pl
6、aysworksleaves,studiesfliescries,passes teaches does,1.I dont know if she _ come .But she says she _ to see us if she _ free.A.Will come, will come, will be B.comes, comes , will beC.comes, will come , is D.will come , will come , is,注意一,在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来(主将从现）,2.He said that the earth_ aro
7、und the sun.A. go B. goes C. went D. will go,B,注意二：宾语从句如果说的是客观真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也要用一般现在时。,一般现在时的注意点:,1. The football match will be put off if it _ (rain). 2. Ill begin the class when you _ (be) ready. 3. Ill call you as soon as I _ (come) back to Hangzhou. 4. He will stay up late till/until he _ (finish
8、) his homework.,rains,are,come,finishes,主句： 条件（时间）状语从句：,一般将来时,一般现在时,(5),单项选择 1.Well go for a picnic if it _tomorrow. doesnt rain B. rained C. wont rain D. rains 2.Our teacher told us the sun _ in the east. rise B. rose C. rising D. rises 3. Tim will call me as soon as he_ my package. A. receive B. w
9、ill receive C. received D. receives,中考链接,Exercise,The twins _(wash) the clothes every day. Sometimes he _ (play) basketball over there. How often _ Sally _(sing)?,wash,plays,Lets correct（改错） I goes to school at six every day. He dont like playing football. 3. They likes playing games. 4. Bill watchs
10、 TV in the evening. 5. Does he usually has a party? 6. What do they on Sunday? 7. Tony goes always to school at eight oclock. 8. What they eat in the party? 9. Lily haves lunch at school. 10. What do his parents usually gives him ?,知识结构,一般过去时,构成,用法,常用时间,动词的过去式,1、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或 存在的状态。 2、表示过去经常或反复发生的动
11、作。,yesterday last night in 1990 two days ago,动词过去式 的构成,规则动词,不规则动词,构成,读音,动词-ed形式的构成：,moved died,carried cried,stopped planned,answered,d,y i ed,双写末尾辅音字母+ed,清念 /t/ ,元浊/d/ ; /t/ /d/ 之后念/id/,规则动词词-ed的读音,说明： 1、清念 /t/ ，即 ed 在清辅音后面念 /t/ ,例：finished helpedpassed cooked 2、元浊 /d/ ,即 ed 在元音，浊辅音后面念 /d/ ,例：borro
12、wed enjoyedcalled moved 3、/t/ /d/ 之后念 /id/ , 即 ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念 /id/例：wanted shoutedneeded counted,1 am/is- 6 are- 2 have/has- 7 do- 3 go- 8see- 4 take- 9 buy- 5 watch- 10 dance-,was,did,went,saw,had,watched,took,were,danced,快速接力赛,（一分钟之内）,bought,请快速说出下列各词的过去式,Relay-race,1 put- 6 sit- 2 build- 7spea
13、k- 3 write- 8 feel- 4 find- 9 bring- 5 study- 10 stop-,sat,built,felt,found,wrote,spoke,stopped,studied,put,快速接力赛,brought,（一分钟之内）,请快速说出下列各词的过去式,Relay-race,He was late for class last week . 否定句: 一般疑问句：回答：,He was not late for class last week,Was he late for class last week ?,Yes, he_. / No, he_,Yes, h
14、e was . / No, he wasnt,a ). be动词过去式的句式。 否定句:是在was / were后面加 not， was not (wasnt)/ were not (werent)。 一般疑问句: 是把was / were提前并放到句首，要求首字母要大写。,b ).实义动词过去式的句式 否定句：主语+did not( didnt )+动词原形+其它。 如：They didnt have a good time yesterday. 一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+did. 否定回答：No，主语+didnt.,She finished hom
15、ework on time last Sunday. 否定句：一般疑问句肯定回答：否定回答：,She didnt finish homework on time last Sunday.,Did she finish homework on time last Sunday?,Yes, she did .,No, she didnt .,Exercise,The twins _(wash) the clothes yesterday. The day before yesterday he _ (play) basketball over there. _ Sally _(sing) two
16、hours ago?,washed,played,改写句子： 1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy _ _ her homework at home. 2、He found some meat in the fridge.（变一般疑问句)_ he _ _ meat in the fridge? 3、She stayed there for a week.（对划线部分提问）_ _ _ she _ there? 4、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)_ there _ orange in the cup
17、?,PRACTISE,1.It nearly two months I bought this bicycle.A. is , that B. was, that C. is, since D. was, since,注意一,It 在此处指时间,谓语动词用现在时 可视为句型”It is +一段时间 since+过去式的从句 ”,一般过去时的注意点:,2.Mariato _ to Shanghai three days ago .A. got B. has got C. reached D. has reached 3.Our monitor _ to Shanghai three days b
18、efore .A. got B. has got C. reached D. has reached 4.He _ to Shanghai before.A. has been B. had been C. was D. is .,注意二,ago用于一般过去时 before 用于完成时,和具体的过去时间连用,用过去完成时.指以前,但没有具体的时间用现在完成时.,Grammar,现在进行时: Present Progressive,概念: 表示现在正在发生的动作 结构: be (is, am, are) + doing 标志语： Look! 、 Listen! 、now,动词-ing形式的构成：
19、,writing taking,getting running swimming,asking,Exercise,The twins _(wash) the clothes now. Look! He _ (play) basketball over there. Listen! _ Sally _(sing)?,are washing,is playing,(4) 过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作.e.g. He was doing shopping this time yesterday. We were having a discussion at that time. 2.
20、表示过去某一阶段正在进行的动作.e.g. Peter was playing chess the whole afternoon yesterday.We were having a meeting from nine to eleven yesterday. 3. 用与 when, while, as引导的表示过去的从句:(注意,这样的动词必须可以持续)e.g. While I was watching TV, the telephone rang.,Grammar,一般将来时: Future Simple 概念: 表示将要发生的动作 结构: will do、 shall do、 be (i
21、s、am、are) going to do 标志语：tomorrow、in、next,(5) 现在完成时 构成： have / has + 动词的过去分词 用法：1. 表示说话前某一个时刻发生的动作之结果对现在的影响。 e.g. I have already sent him a card.They have bought a new house.常用的时间状语：already, just, yet2. 表示从过去某一时间持续到说话时为止的动作或状态， 常与 “ for+ 时间段 ” 或 “ since + 时间点 ” 的时间状语连用。 e.g. We have learned English
22、 for about three years.He has been here since last term.,不规则过去分词,got gotten,went gone,ate eaten,cut cut,were been,did done,said said,III. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：1) 完成时强调过去发生的动作的结果和影响；而一般过去时强调动作发生的时间，地点，方式等，与现在没有联系。 e.g. I have just had breakfast.I had breakfast a moment ago. (时间）I have finished my homework.
23、I finished my home at home. （地点）2）现在完成时表示的持续状态强调持续到说话时为止， 与现在有联系， 而一般过去时表示的持续状态强调过去某段时间的经历， 与现在没有联系。,IV. 终止性动词与延续性动词 1）常见的词：leave die put on fall illbe away be dead wear be illborrow catch a cold buy join the armykeep have a cold have be in the army2)终止性动词不能与 “ for +时间段”或since + 时间点 ” 连用，应改延续性动词。I h
24、ave bought a calculator.I have bought the calculator for a week.I have had the calculator for a week.,e.g. He has had the watch for a month.He bought the watch a month ago.My brother has been in the army for a year.My brother joined the army one year ago.但是：终止性动词的否定结构可以与” for + 时间段 ” 或since + 时间点” 连
25、用。 e.g. I havent met my teacher of English for a year.We havent met each other since he left.,3) till / until 用法 延续性动词+ till / until : “某动作一直持续到”not + 不可持续动词+ till / until: “直到才” e.g. I will stay until he comes.I wont leave until he comes. V. 现在完成时特例：It is +时间段+ since e.g. It is two days since he le
26、ft .It is six weeks since they came here.It is about a year since they joined the army.,Exercise: Water _(freeze) at the temperature 0. The air _( keep ) moving all the time. The town _( lie) to the west of the hill. I _( believe) you _ tell the truth now. - _ my son _ (work) hard this term?- Oh, ye
27、s, he _(try) his best now. 6. _ the hat _ (fit) me well? 7. What has happened to the fish, Mary?- Mum, the cat _ (eat) the fish. Just now the cat _(jump) onto the table and _(eat) it up. 8. Sam _( live) in the small town for five years during the war. 9. It is ages since I last _(see) you. You _(grow) taller. 10. He wont tell us where he _(get) the book.,freezes,keeps,lies,believe,are telling,Is working,is trying,Does fit,has eaten,jumped,ate,lived,saw,have grown,got,
