1、单词巧记+句型语法剖析三点剖析单词巧记 典句考点【巧记提示】 a+loud (adj.大声地)【经典例句】 Reading aloud is necessary for every English learner.朗读对每一个英语学习者来说都是必要的。【考点聚焦】 1）当朗读课文时，一定要用 aloud。如：Reading aloud is different from reading loudly.朗读课文与大声地读课文是有区别的。 2）与 aloud 意思相近的词为 loudly。当表示“大声地” 时两个词可以相互代替。如：Who is knocking at the door loudl
2、y (aloud)?谁在大声地敲门？【巧记提示】 memor(y)( n.记忆力 ）+-ize (动词后缀）【经典例句】 He is the person who can memorize everything he sees.他就是那个过目不忘的人。【考点聚焦】 掌握它的名词 memory 的用法。1）作“记忆，纪念” 讲时，memory 是不可数名词。如：In memory of Lei Feng,we made a film.为了纪念雷锋，我们拍了一部电影。2）当 memory 指的是“个人的记忆力或记忆的事情”时，是可数的。如：He has a bad memory for dates
3、.他对日期的记忆力很差。memories of childhood 童年时的记忆。【巧记提示】 different(adj.不同 )+-ly(副词后缀)【经典例句】 Trying to act differently can not be always right.举止与众不同，不会总是对的。【考点聚焦】 注意 different adj.,difference n.及 differently adv.的词性的不同。如：Everyone is different from the others.每一个人都与其他的人不同。I can not tell the differences betwee
4、n these two pictures.我说不出这两幅图之间的区别。He always thinks differently.他的想法总是与众不同。【活学活用】 1.请用 different 的适当形式填空1)How many can you see?2)If you do it ,maybe you will find a new way.3)The twins look .【巧记提示】 quick ( adj.快的)+- ly(副词后缀)【经典例句】 You must pass the ball as quickly as you can.你必须尽可能快地传球。【考点聚焦】 请认真把握
5、quickly 与 fast 的区别。1）quickly 与 fast 两者都可以表示速度快，此时它们可以相互代替。如：学优中考网 You speak too fast(quickly).你说得太快了。当表示钟表的时间快，比某人快多少时间时，只能用 fast。如：My watch is five minutes fast.我的表快 5 分钟。当表示动作迅速时，我们只能使用 quickly。如：Come here quickly.快来这儿。【巧记提示】 excite (v .兴奋） +-d (形容词后缀)【经典例句】 Toby is excited about playing computer
6、games.托比对玩电脑游戏很是兴奋。【考点聚焦】 1）be excited to do something 与 be excited about doing something 都是“对做什么事情感到兴奋”的意思，两者可以作为同义句相互转换。2）注意区别 exciting 与 excited。单词后面加-ing 的是修饰事物的，单词后加-ed 是形容人的感受的。如：Surfing is exciting.冲浪是很刺激的。 I felt excited when I heard the exciting news.当我听到这个消息时我感到很兴奋。【活学活用】 2.根据汉语提示，写出下列单词的正
7、确形式1)Tom is in Chinese.(兴趣 )2)That story book is .(无聊)3)How it is to watch TV.(放松)4)We were all about his coming.(兴奋)答案：1.1)differences 2）differently 3）different2.1）interested 2） boring 3）relaxing 4）excited3.A【巧记提示】 spoken(口语的）spot(看见)【经典例句】 Your spoken English needs improving.你的英语口语需要提高。【考点聚焦】 spok
8、en English 意思是“ 英语口语”；English speaking countries 意思是“说英语的国家”，请注意两个词组的意思的区别。【活学活用】 3.（2010 四川成都模拟）Britain,Australia and New Zealand are countries.A.English speaking B.English speak C.spoken English D.speak English【巧记提示】 ch+all(都)+enge【经典例句】 Can you challenge him to play CS ？你能挑战他玩反恐吗？【考点聚焦】 1）challen
9、ge 可以作为名词使用。如：The population problem is a great challenge of the world today.人口问题是当今世界的一个巨大挑战。2）challenge 可以作为动词使用。如：He challenged me to play another tennis game.他向我挑战要我跟他再打一场网球。【巧记提示】 learn (v.学习）+-er(名词后缀)【经典例句】 He is a good English learner.他是一个很会学英语的人。【考点聚焦】 1）learn 的过去式有两种：learned 或 learnt。learn
10、ed 可以作为形容词使用，意为“博学的”，此时不能用 learnt。如：He is a learned man.他是一个博学的人。2）注意把握动词 learn 与介词搭配的不同用法。如：You must learn everything by heart.你必须用心学任何事情。He is our example,we should learn from him.他是我们的榜样，我们应该向他学习。与之变化相似的词还有 listener,talker。如：He is not a good talker.他不太会说话。He is a good listener.他是个很好的倾诉对象(他乐意听人说话）
11、 。【巧记提示】 un (没有）+less (小）【经典例句】 My baby sister never cries unless she is hungry.我刚出生的妹妹除非饿了，她是从来不哭的。【考点聚焦】 unless 引导的条件状语从句，从句一定要用一般现在时代替将来时。如：Ill go to the movie unless it rains tomorrow.除非明天下雨，否则我要去看电影。【巧记提示】 regard( 将视作）reward( 奖励）【经典例句】 He regards money as his life.他视财如命。【考点聚焦】 1）掌握词组 regard as
12、将视作。如：I regard him as my best friend.我视他为我最好的朋友。2）regard 用于信尾表示问候，要用复数。如：Please give my best regards to your brother.请把我最美好的问候带给你的哥哥。【巧记提示】 duty(责任）beauty(美丽)【经典例句】 Who is on duty?谁值日？【考点聚焦】 固定句型 It is ones duty to do sth.意思是“做事情是某人的职责”。如：It is our duty to keep the classroom clean and tidy.保持教室干净整洁是
13、我们的责任。【巧记提示】 pr+act(活动）+ice (冰）【经典例句】 Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。【考点聚焦】 practice 后接动词时，应该用动词的 -ing 形式。学优中考网 【巧记提示】 easi(y）(adj.容易的）+-ly (副词后缀）【经典例句】 I can PK 4 hard enemies easily in the game Red Alert.在红色警戒游戏中，我能轻松干掉 4 个冷酷的敌人。【考点聚焦】 其形容词形式是 easy，意思是“容易的”。如：Saying is easier than doing.说起来容易，做起来难。短语
14、巧记 典句 考点not at all 一点也不【经典例句】 I dont like him at all.我一点都不喜欢他。【考点聚焦】 1）at all 用于否定句中,表示“一点也不”。如：He is not interested in Chinese at all.对中文，他一点都不感兴趣。2)at all 用于肯定句中，表示“最少程度的”。如：If you are at all worried,you neednt do it.如你感到有丝毫的担心，你就不需要做这件事。be afraid to do 不敢做【经典例句】 I used to be afraid to go out alon
15、e at night.我过去晚上害怕一个人出去。【考点聚焦】 固定搭配 be afraid to do sth.与 be afraid of doing sth.可以互相替换。如：He is afraid of falling off the tree.他害怕从树上掉下来。He is afraid of quarrelling with his father.他不敢同他的爸爸争吵。take notes 记笔记【经典例句】 As a student,you should take notes in class.作为一个学生,你应该上课记笔记。我的记忆卡记住与 take 相关的词组take wit
16、h 随身带 take an active part in 积极参加 take your time 慢慢来 take care of 照顾 take place 发生 take off 脱下 take away 拿走 take to 带到 be angry with 对某人生气【经典例句】 He is angry with everybody and at everything.他看任何人任何事都不顺眼。【考点聚焦】 1）be angry with 后面加人，be angry at 后面加事物。2)be angry 当中的 be 动词也可以为 get 或者 become，意思是“ 变得对某人或者
17、某事生气”。如：When he heard the bad news,he became angry with me.当他听到这个坏消息时，他开始生我的气。deal with 对付；处理【经典例句】 How would you deal with an armed burglar？ 你怎样对付武装了的强盗？【考点聚焦】 1）deal with 不但有“对付”的意思，还有“ 与某人有生意往来”的意思。如：Do you deal with Smith?你跟史密斯有生意往来吗？ 2）deal 可以作为名词使用，意为“ 交易”。如：Well,you help learn English,and I h
18、elp you learn Chinese.Its a deal.好，你帮我学英语，我帮你学汉语，就这么定了。句子剖析 拓展 Lin Chang said that joining the English club at school was the best way to improve English.林昌说，加入学校的英语俱乐部，是提高英语的最好方式。【剖析】 1）这是一个含有动名词的宾语从句，主句是 Lin Chang said，从句是 joining the English club at school was the best way to improve English。 2）j
19、oining the English club at school 是动名词短语作从句的主语。【拓展】 还可以使用不定式作句子的主语。如：To walk in the light rain is a romantic thing.在小雨中散步是一件浪漫的事情。First of all,it wasnt easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked to the class.开始的时候，当这个老师跟同学们讲话的时候，我理解起来有点困难。【剖析】 1）主句 it wasnt easy for me to understand the t
20、eacher，在这句子当中，it 作形式主语。真正的主语是不定式 to understand the teacher。2）when she talked to the class 是一个 when 引导的时间状语从句。【拓展】 有时也会遇到 It is+adj.+of somebody to do something.这一句式。如：It is shy of you to say nothing.什么都不说，你真害羞。Then I started to write my own original sentences using the grammar that I am learning.然后，
21、我开始用我所学的语法，来描绘我自己母语当中的句子。【剖析】 1）这是一个分词短语作状语，状语中含有定语从句的句子。2）句子主干是 Then I started to write my own original sentences，using the grammar 是现在分词短语作状语，the grammar that I am learning 是一个定语从句，先行词是 the grammar。【拓展】 过去分词也可以作状语。如：Seen from the top of the mountain,the city looks beautiful.从山顶上看，这个城市看上去很漂亮。语法剖析ve
22、rb+by doing1.掌握 verb+by doing 本单元这一最基本的句式结构，它表示“通过方式，做事情”。如：How do you learn English?I learn it by reading aloud every day.你怎样学英语?我通过每天朗读来学它。How do you go to school?I go to school by taking the bus.你怎样上学？我乘车上学。How do you know so much?I know it by surfing Internet.你是怎样知道这么多的？我是上网知道的。读下面的小对话，用 practic
23、e 的适当形式填空。学优中考网 答案：practicing2.by 后加名词，意为“通过，用”对采取的手段、方式等作出说明。如：We want to settle this by direct negotiation with them.我们想通过和他们直接谈判解决这个问题。We have to express our thought by action.我们要用行为表达我们的思想。The money will be checked by check.这笔钱将用支票支付。 Time devours all things.时间吞噬万物。3.by 后加数字、百分数表示增减的程度。如：The num
24、ber increased by 200 every month.数字以每月 200 的速度增加。Production fell by 30%.产量减低了 30%。典题精讲例 1（2010 北京海淀）I study for a test working with a group.A.in B.by C.at D.to思路解析：本题考查介词区别。四个选项都有介词的词性，但只有 by 是表示“方式，途径”的介词，故应选 B。例 2（2010 天津）The sports meet will continue it rains this afternoon.A.if B.since C.as soon
25、 as D.unless思路解析：A 项 if 意为“如果”，引导一个条件状语从句，它也可作 “是否”之意，引导一个宾语从句。B 项意为“ 自从”，引导一个时间状语从句，也可表“因为”之意，引导一个原因状语从句。C 项意为“ 一就”，引导一个时间状语从句；D 项意为“除非，如果不”，引导一个条件状语从句。只有 D 项符合句意“运动会将继续，除非今天下午下雨 ”。例 3（2010 陕西模拟）There are many ways to make a living.Edison Green does it by newspaper.A.sell B.to sell C.selling D.sale
26、思路解析：by 后面加动词ing 形式，意思是“通过”。句子的意思是“有很多种方式可以谋生，爱迪生格林的谋生手段是卖报纸 ”。例 4Listen! She is practicing bananas.A.cut up B.cutting up C.cuting up D.to cut up 思路解析：practice 后加动词的 -ing 形式，cut 加-ing 时要双写 t。答案：B黑色陷井：本题有两处陷阱：一是知道 practice 后用 doing,但句中的 practicing 容易迷惑学生，认为前面有ing 形式了，后面就忽略了； 二是 cut 加-ing 应该双写 t,即 cut
27、ting。绿色通道：像 practice 一样，后面加动词 -ing 形式的单词、词组还有 enjoy,finish,mind,have fun以一个元音字母加辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词加-ing 时，应该双写末尾的辅音字母。如：stopping,swimming,getting,digging.。例 5 I have learned about that.A .a lot B.a lot of C.lots of D.a lots of思路解析：四个选项中只有 a lot 有副词词性可以修饰动词 learn。D 项是错误的表述，B、C 两项只修饰名词。答案：A绿色通道：表示“多少” ，修饰
28、动词时，除了 a lot 外还有 much,little,a little。如：I know much about it.对那件事情，我知道很多。 (此时 much,可以换为 a lot）如：She usually thinks little for others.她常常几乎不为别人着想。例 6 Time by.He became old and helpless.A.go B.goes C.went D.gone思路解析：由后面的动词 became 可以推断，本题是过去时态， D 项是过去分词。句子的意思是“随着时间的流逝，他变得又老又无助”。答案：C例 7 His brother the
29、Communist Party when he was twenty.A.joined B.took part in C.joined in D.joined to 思路解析:join in=take part in 后面加活动，join 后加由人组成的团体、组织。因为Communist Party 意思是“ 共产党 ”，表示“组织”。答案：A原创题阅读下面五小段短文，找出能代表本段主题的最佳选项。1.I met with you for the next time on a bus on my way to my office.But you didnt see me (perhaps yo
30、u didnt know me at all).At the cinema you got off and I followed you until you went in a clothing shop.I asked one of your workmates and knew you worked here.That morning I was late but I was quite happy.2.I think you shouldnt worry at all.Maybe shes just as shy as you.What about giving her some flo
31、wers or just a short message?Say something like this:“Id really like to know you but I dont know how.” Shell probably be excited to know shes got a fan!3.When I was watching TV,I knew most people in a small country were short of food and some of them died of hunger.I came to the country and told the
32、 officials(官员)about it.Of course they were very happy and took me to the poorest place.4.I was a newspaper boy when I was fourteen years old.I usually got up early and sent newspapers to the houses of the people in all kinds of weather.I had more and more customers because of my hard work.Sometimes
33、I got tips from them!5.Im fortynine.I once worked in a middle school,but I thought I was badly paid and found work in an office when I was fortythree.I worked hard,but I was still got a lower pay!A.Talking about ones falling in loveB.Helping others,helping yourselvesC.Talking about ones problemsD.Wo
34、rking but feeling happyE.Giving suggestions参考答案：1.A 2.E 3.B 4.D 5.C思路解析：1.结合常识，根据叙述的语气及“That morning I was late but I was quite happy.”可知，A 是本段落的主题句。2.从“What about giving her some flowers or just a short message?Say something like this:”及“Shell probably be excited to know shes got a fan!”可知，本段是给陷入恋爱
35、困境的人提建议，所以选 E(Giving suggestions） 。3.救助贫困中的人们，我从中得到了快乐，所以 B(Helping others,helping yourselves）是本段落的主题句。4.从“I usually got up early and.in all kinds of weather.”及“because of my hard work.”可知“我”工作非常勤奋， “I had more and more customers”和“Sometimes I got tips from them!”表明“我”工作着并快乐着！所以 D(Working but feelin
36、g happy）是本段落的主题句。学优中考网 5.Im forty-nine.but I thought I was badly paid and found work in an office when I was forty-three.I worked hard,but I was still got a lower pay!表明“我”对工作及薪水非常不满，为此“我”很苦恼，所以 C(Talking about ones problems）是本段落的主题句。绿色通道：如何寻找主题句、把握文章或段落主旨是重要的阅读能力之一。主题句在文章中的位置要视文章的结构、题材及体裁而定，但有时也不明显，需要对文章或段落进行分析、加工、概括、提炼。如本题中的几个段落都需要读者一定的归纳、概括能力。巧学法园地需要用定冠词的名词歌诀： 独一无二最高级，山河海岛奏乐器。阶级党派上报纸，国家组织上杂志。已说过的人或事，同一东西大家知。姓氏前是“一家子” ，序数前表“第几”。学+优中考，网
