1、江西省专升本统考英语 写作专题一、写作考试要求英语写作是江西省专升本英语统一考试的重要组成部分之一。本部分占总分的 10%，考试时间 25 分钟。而整个专升本英语统一考试的内容是以教育部颁发的高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求为基本根据的。该基本要求关于考试写作能力的基本要求是：要求考生在规定的时间内写出 80100 词的短文，写作内容为日常生活题材或简单的业务交际的短文。试卷上可能给出题目，或规定情景，或要求写信函、个人简历、启事、通知等应用文。短文要求格式基本正确，能基本表达思想，意思连贯，无重大语法错误。本部分的测试目的是检查学生的英语书面表达能力。由此可见，应用文写作（书信）是专升本考试
2、常考题型。二、应试技巧与策略一般来说，一篇好的应用文应包括以下两大因素：1）技术上的因素：语言自然流畅，语法错误较少，正确使用所学的词、词组和句型；语法及标点使用正确，句子结构完整；格式正确，符合常见的应用文格式；有效地采用了多种衔接的手法，意思连贯，层次清晰。2）非技术上的因素：在考试时，还必须把握“非技术上的因素”，即作文书写上应当清晰整洁，美观大方。动笔前，列个提纲，打个腹稿，做好心中有数，切忌字迹潦草，乱涂乱画。因为阅卷在夏天，酷暑难耐，心情易燥，作文书写的第一影响起了非常重要的作用。三、历年真题题型分析2009 年：询价信 (an letter of enquiry)2008 年：通
3、告、通知(a(n) poster/notice/announcement)2007 年：道歉信 (a letter of apology)2006 年：建议信 (a letter of suggestion)2005 年：征稿信 (a letter of contribution)2004 年：说明文 (a letter of expository)2003 年：申请信 (a letter of application)2002 年：求职信 (a letter of application)2001 年：邀请信 (a letter of invitation)总的来说，应用文（包括信签、便签、
4、备忘录等）写作是专升本考试常考题型。四、写作格式及范例书信是日常生活中常用的文体，用以交涉事宜，传达信息，交流思想，增进了解的重要工具。书信一般可分为商务信件或公函（Business Letter or Official Correspondence）和私人信件（Private Letter）两大类。考生写作时应注意遵循一定的格式和套用礼貌用语等。一般的来说，主要包括以下组成部分：1. 信头（Heading）指发信人的单位名称、地址、发信日期。考试时候告诉你了就写，否则不写。格式：从信纸的上部中央往右写，第一行写单位名称，第三行写门牌号码、街名，第三行写市名、省名、国名，第四行写发信日期。学生
5、写信时第一行写班级名称，第二行写学校名称，第三行写市、省名，第五行写国家名称，第六行写发信日期。国内信件国名可以不写。2. 信内地址 (Inside Address)指收信人的姓名、单位和地址。考试时候告诉你了就写，否则不写。格式：信头下隔一行，从左边开始写，第一行写姓名、头衔，第二行写单位名称，第三行写门牌号及路名，第四行写市名、省名及邮政号码，第五行写国名。商业往来信件及公函必须写信头和地址。亲友、熟人之间的信可不写信内地址，信头处写发信日期就行了。3. 称呼(Salutation)格式：信内地址下隔一、二行写称呼，其左要与信内地址第一行对齐。对不相识的男子，单数常用 “Dear Sir”
6、 或“Dear Mr. ”；复数常用 “Dear Sirs”； 对女子，单数常用 “Dear Madam” “Dear Mrs. (或 Miss 或 Ms)；复数常用“Dear Madams”；熟人和亲人常直呼其名，有头衔的可把头衔写放在名字前，如“Dear Prof or Madam。 Wang”， “Dear Dr Li”等；若不知道收信人的姓名常用 Dear Sir4. 正文（Body of Letter）格式：称呼下面隔一、二行开始写正文。每段第一个字母要缩进 3 至 5 个字母的空格。正文是信的主要部分，内容要简单明了，一般不用同汉语信一样的“你好（how are you?） ”之类
7、的词。一般要开门见山，表明你写这封信的意图。5. 结束语(Complimentary Close)结束语是写信人对收信人的谦称，写在正文下面一、二行处，靠右对齐，第一个词开头字母要大写，末尾用逗号。给不相识的人可用：“Yours truly”或“Truly yours”“Yours faithfully”或“Faithfully yours”“Yours sincerely”或“Sincerely yours”5. 结束语(Complimentary Close)给上级或长者可用：“Yours respectfully” 或 “Respectfully yours”“Yours obedien
8、tly”或 “Obediently yours”“Yours”, “Yours ever”, “Ever yours”, “Yours as ever”或 “Yours sincerely”给亲属或挚友的信可用：“Yours affectionately”, “Lovingly Yours”, “Your loving son (child, sister)”, 或”Yours devoted friend”等。6. 签名（Signature）即写信人署名。有时，需要在署名的下一、二行位置写上写信人的职位或头衔。 （若考试时，题目要求里已明确给出，则需写出。 ）7) 附件(Enclosure)
9、信件若有附件，应该在左下角注明 Encl.或 Enc.。例如：Enc: Resume (随信附上简历) 。五、常见体裁示例及经典句式温馨提示：请特别留意历年考试没出现过的题型！1.询价信 I have already sent the camera back to you by post and strongly insist that you refund me as soon as possible.Im looking forward to receiving your early reply.Yours faithfully, Sample (2)Dear Sir,I am writi
10、ng to draw your attention to the most undesirable attitude and manner of a particular member of your staff. A week ago, I bought a desk lamp in the electric appliances department of your supermarket last week, but when I went back home, it simply stopped working after two days. So I went back to the
11、 center of refund and exchange yesterday afternoon.When I told what had happened to the young lady in charge, and asked for refund or exchange, she was so rude that that she interrupted me continually. Later she even said it was my fault and refused to listen to me any longer.I strongly suggest that
12、 that lady should be instructed on the proper manner towards customers. I hope you can attach importance to this matter, and help settle it as soon as possible. Yours sincerely, Li Ping4.致歉信 (A Letter of Apology) 道歉信中开头段常用句式和套话：I am writing this letter to express my regretI am writing to apology for
13、 I would like to give you my apology forI am very sorry to say that I must apologize about (not) doingPlease accept my sincerely apology forI am writing to say sorry forI am terribly sorry, but道歉信中结尾段常用句式和套句：Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please allow me to say sorry again.Hope
14、you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.I am sorry that I cant and trust that you will be able to understand.Sample (1)Dear Joe,I am terribly s
15、orry to tell you that I am unable to attend your birthday party next Tuesday evening. That is owing to the fact our physiological teacher has assigned us quite a few experiments and required us to hand in our reports of the results before next Tuesday, and it happens that your birthday party is goin
16、g to be held when I will be fully occupied by the assignments. So I cannot go to celebrate your birthday personally and I really regret that I would miss the perfect chance of enjoying myself with so many friends. But Id like to wish you a happy birthday here and will send you a gift in advance. Bes
17、ides, please give my regards to our friends when you meet them at the party. Cordially, Li PingSample (2)Dear Mrs. Robinson,Thank you for your letter of June 17th, complaining about the conduct of our employees.We have investigated the matter already and the person concerned (有关人士) will be severely
18、punished. Please accept our sincere apologies for this unhappy experience. Thank you also for bringing this matter to our attention. We place great importance on conduct of our employees and your complaint will give us the opportunity to remedy any problem that may exist. We assure (向保证) you that su
19、ch a matter will never happen again. You will be sure to find the level of our service will be greatly improved in the days to come.Yours sincerely,Li Ping5.感谢信 感谢信开头段常用句式和套话：I am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for I am writing to express my thanks for I am writing to show my sincere appreci
20、ation for I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you forI feel deeply indebted to you and I really dont know how to thank you enough for your help.感谢信结尾常用句式和套话：I must thank you again for your generous help.I am most grateful for your selfless donation.My true gratitude is beyon
21、d my words.I feel most obliged to thank you once more.Sample (1)Dear Mr. Rogers,It is my great pleasure to show my hearty thanks to you for your hospitality and courtesy during my stay in London.Originally I only wanted to call on you and gave my fathers regard to you, as it had been three years sin
22、ce you and he last saw each other. But you insisted that I stay in your house during my visit to London and took good care of my life as if I were a family member of you instead of the daughter of one of your friends. You really added greatly to my convenience and pleasure of the whole trip.Thank yo
23、u again for your kindness and I hope that I will have the opportunity to return your charming hospitality.Yours faithfully,Wu TingSample (2)Dear Professor Liang,I am writing to you to extend my gratitude to you because with your help I am now a student of Chemistry Department of Sydney University.La
24、st July, when I applied to become a graduate student of Sydney University, you really gave me a lot of valuable help. You not only wrote a recommendation for me to Professor Wells who works in the Sydney University but also gave me careful and patient instruction on how to fill the application forms
25、 and write the application letters.It is your unreserved help that enables me to obtain this splendid opportunity of further education. For the following two years I will study hard to reciprocate your sincere help and expectations with excellent grades.Yours truly,Zhang Ying 6.邀请信(A Letter of Invit
26、ation) 邀请信作为信的一种形式可参照一般书信的格式去写。下面介绍一下其内容和注意事项。邀请信的内容：说明邀请对方参加什么活动、邀请的原因是什么。将活动安排的细节及注意事项告诉对方。诸如时间、地点、参加人员、人数，做些什么样的准备及所穿的服饰等。为了方便安排活动，如有必要，可注明请对方予以回复看看能否应邀以及还有哪些要求等。写邀请信应注意的事项：邀请人和被邀请人要用第二人称，参加活动的时间地点也要写得清楚明确。希望被邀请人收到请柬后给予答复的，则须在请柬上注明 R.S.V.P 或 r.s.v.p.字样，意为“请答复”。有时为了方便联系，可留下自己的电话号码或地址。对参加活动的人有什么具体要
27、求可简单地在请柬上注明。比如对服装的要求，要求穿礼服时，须在请柬的右下角注明 Dress：Formal；较随意时可用 Dress：Informal 。邀请信开头段的常用语和套话：I am writing to invite you toI wonder if you could comeI wonder if you would be able to join us for dinner tomorrow evening.I shall be very glad/ pleased/grateful ifIt would be a great pleasure to me ifIt would
28、be an honor to me if you would accept our invitation.邀请信结尾段的常用语和套话：My family and I would feel honored if you could come.We would be looking forward to your participation in the party.Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come?I really hope you can make it.Sample (1)Directions: Yo
29、u want to invite Mr. Wallace to give a speech on “American literature”. Write a letter to him and say: 1) The purpose of the invitation 2) The time of the lectureIt should be less than 100 words. You dont need to write the address.Dear Mr. Wallace,We know that you are an expert on literature (文学). A
30、s students in English major, we want to know some details about literature. We should be very grateful if you could give a speech on “American Literature” to students of the English Department on Saturday, April 19th. If this subject does not suit you, any other similar topic would be welcome as wel
31、l.We have already had several very interesting talks from distinguished visitors from various countries this semester and we look forward eagerly to the opportunity (表示诚意) to benefit from your experience and wisdom(表示尊重).Sincerely yours, Sample (2)Dear Professor Gordon,On behalf of(代表) the organizat
32、ion committee of the graduation ceremony and all the graduates of this year, I have the honor to invite you to (attend) our graduation ceremony at 2:00 pm on Thursday, June 15th in the hall of our university.You are sincerely invited to attend the ceremony as our honored guest and we would like you
33、to make a five-minute speech to give our students encouragement and suggestions for their future work.We look forward to a reply at your earliest convenience and we would be particularly honored by your distinguished presence at the ceremony.Yours respectfully,Wang LinChairman Organization Committee
34、 of the Graduation Ceremony7.建议信 建议信开头段常用句式和套句：I am writing in reply toI would like to suggest thatI am writing with my suggestion/proposal aboutI am writing to express my views concerning建议信结尾段常用句式和套句：I hope you will find these suggestions/recommendations helpful/practical/useful.I would be glad to
35、 see improvements in this regard.Sample (1)Dear Sir or Madam,I am an ordinary student of this university and am writing to draw your attention to the fact that some students around me have had extravagant habits.They do not cherish their money at all. Some buy expensive mobile phones and laptop comp
36、uters, some spend money on video games or Internet chat, and some go to restaurants and bars often.However, it is known to all that thrift and economy are a prime requisite of well ordered living and successful career. To solve this problem, in my mind, the leadership and students of our university
37、should work together to create a general atmosphere of thrifty life. Teachers should teach by their action that thrift is an indispensable virtue, and students of high awareness can have a positive influence on those around them.Yours sincerely,Li PingSample (2)Dear John,You asked for advice concern
38、ing whether you should study history or computer science at university. I will try making some suggestions.University is preparation for your career. You should consider studying a subject which will best equip you to earn a living. Computer science offers more job opportunities than history. We are
39、 now in a high-tech age. For the foreseeable future, it would be necessary for everyone to be equipped with computer skills merely to earn a living.Of course, you dont have to devote all your time at university to studying computers and nothing else. I would recommend that you continue reading of hi
40、story in your spare time. That way, you will find that your leisure hours are enriched while you prepare yourself for a worthwhile career in computer science.Whatever you decide to do, good luck with your studies!Yours sincerely,Li Ming8.祝贺信 (A Letter of Congratulation) 祝贺信是向对方表示祝贺的信件，一般用于对方有什么喜事或取得
41、了什么成绩，以及节日寿诞等。祝贺信是人们情感交流的一种方式，多写祝贺信可以使亲戚朋友同事之间加强联系，增进了解，彼此关心。祝贺信的主要内容有：向对方表示祝贺在正文中要首先向对方表示热烈的祝贺。要写明向谁祝贺、祝贺什么、为什么祝贺等。可以写自己是怎样听到好消息的，听到消息后的心情怎样等。要感情饱满地写，但要简明扼要。 提出自己对有关问题的看法该项内容要根据所祝贺的事情发表自己的看法、主张，提出一些建议、意见等。如对重大节日或纪念活动的祝贺，可以说明其重大的意义和对所取得的成绩表示祝贺，可以分析一下所取得成绩的主客观原因等；庆贺寿辰的贺信，可简要准确地赞扬对方在事业上的成功； 婚姻庆贺，则可以谈些
42、自己关于婚姻生活的一些认识看法等，以期对对方有所帮助。写出自己的希望和美好的祝愿正文的结尾要写上再次表示祝愿的话。如：“With renewed good wishes，and kindest regards to you and your spouse。 ”（再次敬候你同新夫人安好。 ）又如“May the years to come bring every blessing to you both.”（愿你俩年年福寿无疆。 ）Sample (1)Directions: Please write a letter of about 100 words to congratulate your
43、 friend Li Ming, who did well in the college entrance exam and has been enrolled in Beijing University. You do not need to write the address.Dear Li Ming,We are very happy to know that you have successfully passed the college entrance examination this year and have been admitted into（被录取）Beijing Uni
44、versity. Allow us to give our most sincere congratulations on this exciting occasion.You have all along been working hard at your professional studies, and you are excellent in most subjects. Your success shows that only hard work can yield good results（付出才会有收获）.We take this opportunity to express o
45、ur best wishes to you. Wish you greater achievements in your college education.Yours cordially,Sample (2)Dear Mr. White,I am much delighted to hear that you have just graduated from Stanford University with honors and entered the Microsoft Corporation. This is a special moment for you and all the fr
46、iends and relatives, and I want to share the happiness just the same. After years of hard and creative work and study, you will always be proud of those academic years.I believe your graduation will be a new beginning, a chance for you to embrace (拥抱，迈向) a new and broader future. Knowledge and skill
47、s acquired in college will not only help you understand whats happening around you, but also help you make right decisions.I wish you good luck in the pursuit of a brilliant (美好的，灿烂的) career.Sincerely yours,Li Ming9.慰问信 1 我们俩希望/祈祷你能很快地完全康复We are looking forward to /hoping and praying for your speedy
48、 and full recovery.2 你的诸位好友真心希望你早日康复Your many friends are hoping for your quick return to health early recovery /rapid recovery3 我们非常遗憾的熟悉We are very sorry to learn of sth./that4 我刚刚得知上个星期你的病了I just heard that youve been on the sickness last week.5 当我听说 我非常关心I was deeply concerned when I learned that6 我希望你能很快地康复I wish you a complete speedy recovery.7 请向你的家人转达我们最深切的同情Please extend our deep sympathy to your family.8 我只想让你知道我们是多么担忧I just wanted to let you know how concerned we are 9 如果需要我的帮助，请告知If there is anything I can do to help you, please let me know.Sample (1)Dear Jas
