1、七年级(下) Units 14,中考基础知识梳理类别 课标考点要求词汇攻关1.sing(名词 )_2 write(名词)_3center(形容词)_4tooth(复数)_5usually(形容词)_(形容词的反义词)_6early (反义词)_(比较级)_(最高级)_7 half(复数)_8clean( 反义词)_9 drive( 名词)司机_10live (名词) 生命_(名词复数)_11true( 名词)_(副词)_12.important(名词)_13noisy(反义词)_(名词)_14luck (形容词)_(副词)_(形容词的反义词)_15feel( 名词)_16learn( 名词)_
2、17quickly(反义词)_(形容词)_(形容词的反义词)_18old(反义词)新的_(反义词) 年轻的_19 rule(名词)尺，统治者_20 speak(名词)发言者，讲(某种语言)的人_(名词) 讲话，发言_短语归纳1.下国际象棋_2擅长于_3跟说_4弹钢琴_5善于应付的，对有办法_6结交朋友_7在周末_8起床，站起_9穿上衣服_11.做作业 _12散步，走一走_13乘地铁_14骑自行车_15在和之间_16实现，成为现实_17外出(娱乐)10洗淋浴_ _18铺床_19(对某人)要求严格_20遵守规则_句型再现1.“你想加入什么俱乐部？”“我想加入一个体育俱乐部。”_ do you wa
3、nt to join?I _.2那么我们需要你帮助说英语的学生开展体育活动。Then we need you _ sports for Englishspeaking students.3 “你通常几点钟起床？”“我通常在 6 点半起床。 ”_ you usually get up?I usually get up _.4晚上我或者看电视或者玩电脑游戏。In the evening，I _ watch TV _ play computer games.5在 10 点半，我刷牙，然后上床睡觉。_，I _ and then I _.6 “你家离学校有多远？”“我不太肯定大约 10 公里。 ”_ f
4、rom your home to school?_about 10 kilometers.7 “你到学校要用多长时间？”“骑自行车大约 15 分钟。 ”How long _？About 15 minutes by bike.8对许多学生来说，到校很容易。_，_ get to school.语法结构1.情态动词的用法。2祈使句的用法。话题1.Joining a club(加入社团、俱乐部)2Daily routines(日常活动)3.Transportation(交通工具)4Rules(规章制度),贵阳五年中考真题演练词汇类( )1.(2012 贵阳 45 题)“Whose notebook i
5、s this？” “It _ Jims. It has his name on it.”Acant be Bmust be Ccan be( )2.(2014 贵阳 32 题)“Whose Tshirt is this？” “It _ be Johns.Its much too small for him.”Amight Bcant Cneednt( )3.(2011 贵阳 35 题)Some Chinese singers sing English songs just as _ as native speaker do.Agood Bbetter Cwell词汇类4(2012 贵阳 93
6、题)Tina complains that waiting for Sally always _(make) her angry.5(2013 贵阳 94 题)“Which do you like _，football ，basketball or volleyball？” “Basketball.”(good)6(2015 贵阳 91 题)I always _ to school，and I think its a good way to keep healthy.(instead of, dress up, ride my bike) ,贵阳中考重难点突破join 参加，加入【考点抢测】j
7、oin，join in，take part in，attend1When did your brother _ the army?2Hell _ an important meeting tomorrow.3Come along，and _ the ball game.4Well _social practice during the summer vacation.5She _the Young Pioneers last year.【满分点拨】辨析 join，join in，take part in 和 attend词语 辨析 例句join意为“加入某一组织，成为其中的一员” 。其后还可以
8、接表示人的名词或代词，表示加入到某人或某些人的行列中去His father joined the Party in 1956.他的爸爸 1956 年加入共产党。join in常用于 join in sth. /doing sth.中，意为“参加” ，后面接的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词或动名词，此时用法与 take part in可以互换They all join in singing the song.他们一起唱这首歌。Can I join in the game？我可以参加这个游戏吗？takepart in指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动等，往往参加者持有积极的态度，起一些作用W
9、ill you take part in the English Evening？你将参加英语之夜吗？attend 指“出席(会议)；到场；上( 课) ”等 Who attended the meeting？谁出席了会议？be good at擅长于【考点抢测】6我擅长弹钢琴。_ playing the piano.7水果对你的健康有好处。Fruit _ your health.8她和孩子们相处得很好。She _ the children.【满分点拨】be good at “擅长” ，相当于 do well in，at 后接名词、代词或 v.ing 形式be good with “善于应付的；对
10、有办法” ，其同义短语为 get on well withbe good for “对 有好处” ，其反义短语为 be bad for，意为“对 有害；对有坏处”辨析 dress，put on，wear 与 be in【考点抢测】dress，put on，wear，be in9The young man always _ a Tshirt.10Its too cold outside._your coat.11My English teacher _ red today.12The actress is _ in the latest fashion.( )13.Look ！ My littl
11、e brother is _ himself now.Awearing BdressingCputting on【满分点拨】dress 给穿衣表示动作或状态，宾语通常是人，dress sb.“给某人穿衣服 ”(动作)；dress oneself 给自己穿衣服；be/get dressed in “穿着”(状态)put on穿上；戴上强调动作，宾语通常是衣服、鞋帽；宾语若是代词必须放在 put 和 on 之间；反义词组是 take offwear穿着；戴着 强调状态，宾语可为服装、鞋帽、饰物、奖章等be in穿着后接衣服、帽子等，此时可以和 wear 或 have sth. on 互换。其后也可
12、以接颜色，不能用于进行时态【图解助记】,put on 穿上(动作)；dress sb./oneself 给某人/自己穿衣服 ,wear 穿着；戴着(状态) ；be in 穿着either 的用法【考点抢测】neither，any，either，none14I invited Tom and Ann to dinner，but _ of them came.15Would you like beer or CocaCola?I dont mind._is OK.16He lent me a lot of books，but _ of them is easy for me to read.17A
13、ll of these are interesting books and you can borrow _ of them.( )18._ of them was in good health，but they both worked very hard.AEither BNeither CNone【满分点拨】either 用作代词， “(两者之中)任一、任何一个” 。如：Either(of the books)is popular with the students.(两本书 )随便哪一本都受到同学们的欢迎。(主语)either 用作副词，在否定句作 “也”解释，通常置于句末。如： Lil
14、y doesnt like fruit.I dont like fruit，either.丽丽不喜欢水果，我也不喜欢。eitheror，意为“或或，不是就是，要么要么” ，在句中连接两个并列成分。如：Either you or Tom has done it.(连接并列主语) 不是你就是汤姆做了这件事。【注意】在连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词必须在人称和数上与靠近的主语保持一致。either 的反义词为 neither“(两者) 都不” ，either or的反义词组为 neithernor“既不也不” 。【拓展】辨析 either，also，too，yet 与 as well这五个词均含“也”
15、之意，但具体用法不同：词汇 用法either 用于否定句 放在句末，之前可加逗号also 用于肯定句 较正式，放在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后too 用于肯定句 较口语，位于句末， 可用逗号隔开yet 用于否定句 和疑问句 常放在句末as well 用于肯定句 常放在句末【巧学妙记】巧记 also，too，either 的用法be also， also do，句中位置要记清。too 一般放句末，句中前后要用逗号隔。also 语气比 too 重，都是用来表肯定。若是表否定，记住要用 either 来表示。常见交通工具的表达(take ，by，in 与 on)【考点抢测】19I wi
16、sh I could fly to the moon _(乘宇宙飞船) one day.20I used to go to school _ (乘公共汽车)，but today I go to school _(步行)21The teacher told us that we would _(乘地铁) to visit the museum next Sunday.22He has returned to Beijing _(坐飞机) 23I often go to Shanghai _ (坐火车)【满分点拨】take冠词交通工具。如：take a taxi，take a car ，take
17、a bus，take a train，take a ship 等。如果要表示步行只需要使用 walk 就可以了。by 指某种手段或通过某种方式，常和交通工具的单数形式直接连用。如：by bus，by boat，by plane 等。此时，既不能在名词前加限定词，也不能把名词改为复数形式。如：My brother goes to school by bike.我哥哥骑自行车去上学。当交通工具前有限定词(冠词和物主代词等 )时，介词可用 “on”，也可用“in”，in 接小型的交通工具，例如：in a car，in his car 等。on 接大型交通工具，骑自行车除外。如：on a bus，on
18、 his bike 等。【注意】on 还有一种特殊情况，表示“步行”除了可以用动词 walk 之外，还可以用介词短语 on foot。介词 by，in 和 on 都可以与有关交通工具的名词搭配，表示交通方式。如：He usually goes to work by train.他通常乘火车去上班。辨析 between 和 among【考点抢测】24The high speed railway _ Guiyang and Changsha is expected to open to traffic in May 2015.(贵阳特色：沪昆高铁贵阳至长沙段预计 2015 年 5 月开通)25Th
19、ere are many differences _ (在之间)the students.( )26.His grade in the exam put him _ the top students in his class.Abetween Bover Camong【满分点拨】between 用于“两者之间” ，只要可以构成双方关系，都可以用 between。如：I will come between twelve and one oclock.我将在十二点至一点之间过来。among 在之间，强调是在三个或三个以上的人或事物之中。如：There was someone shouting at
20、 me among the students.学生中间有人在喊我。【注意】指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的每两者之间时，仍用 between，不能用 among。如：The village lies between three hills.村子坐落在三座小山之间。辨析 arrive，reach 与 get to【考点抢测】arrive，get，reach27When did Jim _the bus station?28I usually _ home at about 5 oclock in the afternoon.29If you _ too late，the host will be
21、unhappy.30When did you _ at the village?31Dont forget to write to me as soon as you _Australia.( )32.My mother and I love Shanghai very much.We _ Shanghai for holidays last Sunday.Areached to Bgot Cgot to【满分点拨】辨析 arrive at 与 arrive inarrive at 指到达较小的场所，如镇、家、店等arrive in 指到达较大的地方，如国家、大城市等【图解助记】辨析 too
22、many， too much 与 much too【考点抢测】too many，too much，much too33You shouldnt eat _ meat because its bad for your health.34Today ，_ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world.35The sweater is very beautiful，but its _ dear.( )36.Look ！ Theres _ ice on the lake.Atoo many Btoo muchCmuch too【满分点拨】短
23、语 意义 用法too manytoo much 太多的其后可接可数名词复数形式其后接不可数名词，还可用作副词，修饰动词much too 太 much 用来增强语气，后面常接形容词或副词如：There are too many flowers in the garden.花园里的花太多了。I have too much homework this evening.今天晚上我的家庭作业太多了。This box is much too heavy.这个箱子太重了。get up 起床【考点抢测】37你周末什么时候起床？What time do you _ _ at weekends?38我们天天按时到
24、校。We _ _ school on time every day.39我相信你会克服所有的困难。I believe youll _ _ all the trouble.( )40.(2014 河北中考)Steven，we should _ the bus at the next stop.Aget up Bget off Cget to【满分点拨】get over 克服；恢复；原谅get ready 准备get off 下车get onget along 相处 getget up 起床get into 进入get to 到达get used to 习惯于How do you get to s
25、chool？你如何到校？【考点抢测】( )41.(2013 淮安中考)_ do you usually get to school，Simon?By bike.AWhen BHow CWhat【满分点拨】(1)本句是提问交通方式，由疑问词 how 引导，句中 get to 短语可以替换为 arrive at 或 reach；(2)答语常用两种方式“by工具”或“主语动词限定词 (冠词/ 物主代词) 工具”或“in/on 限定词工具” 。如：How do you get to work every day，Bob?鲍勃，你每天如何去上班？By bus./I take the bus./On a
26、bus.坐公交车。How long does it take you to get to school？你到校要花费多长时间？【考点抢测】( )42.(2014 白银中考)It only _ me half an hour _ to school every day last term.Atakes ；riding Bspent；to rideCtook；to walk【满分点拨】(1)It takes sb. to do sth.“某人花费做某事” ，句中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是句中 to do 不定式结构；(2)该句式可替换为 sb.spend(s)doing sth.结构。如：I
27、t takes me 20 minutes to read English every morning.I spend 20 minutes reading English every morning.【温馨提示】根据不同时间状语，该句式也可变形为 It took/will take sb.to do sth.。,高频话题写作指导规章制度写作导图从全国近五年规章制度相关话题书面表达的命题来看，通常从三个角度设题：1学校规则：包括校规校纪的认识及建议。2交通规则：对乱穿马路现象谈谈你的看法。3生活中普遍的行为规范：谈谈你对遵守秩序的看法。结合贵阳考情，可以预测第一种考查角度几率更大。如贵阳 20
28、11 年的书面表达题为“Rules of My School”RuleSchool rulescant/mustnt/arentmust/should/have toTraffic rulesCant/mustntmust/should/have toRules in ourdaily lifecant/mustntmust/should/have to亮点句型速成常用句型：We should help protect the environment.推荐句型：Its important and necessary for us to help protect the environment.
29、常用句型：Dont crowd with each other.推荐句型：Dont crowd with each other especially when we go upstairs or downstairs.(一)开头句：1Summer is coming，and we must remember its dangerous to swim in the river.2We should take care not to get ourselves injured while we are having sports.3We should respect our teachers，p
30、arents and the old.(二)中间句：4We should be careful when we make friends.5We should be friendly and get on well with others，dont quarrel or even fight.6We must obey traffic rules and mustnt cross the streets when the traffic lights are red.7We should be careful to eat healthy food and keep away from jun
31、k food.(三)结尾句：8If we are in danger，we must call the police for help in time.写作模板We are asked to 怎么做It is dangerous to 干某事，for it may cause 什么后果We should 做什么Besides，we are not allowed to 做某事If we really want to，we must 怎么做Whats more，还应该怎么做I think 总体说对规章制度的认识典例剖析假如你是王伟，你的英国笔友 David 来信问及你们学校在暑假期间对学生的要求
32、。请你根据以下要点给他回一封电子邮件。家庭安全：小心用火用电，外出时关好门窗；游泳安全：不独自去游泳，不去河、湖游泳；交通安全：过马路要当心，不在马路上玩耍。要求：1.词数 80100 词；2请不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥；3文中不能出现真实的校名和人名；4邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：1开头先问候与引出话题(已经给出 )。介绍具体的安全条例内容：家庭安全、游泳安全、交通安全 (重点阐述)(根据提示来写，不要有遗漏，可以适当发挥) 。总结全文，再次强调安全的重要性。2本文描述学校给“我们”制定的安全条例，因此写作时用第一人称。3安全条例
33、的内容通常是应该做什么，不该做什么，因此，情态动词使用的较多。注意选择恰当的情态动词，如 should，mustnt ，have to 等，用情态动词表达将来或者建议、禁止、允许等；另外，表明这样做的理由时，用一般现在时。4词数 80100 词，不得出现真实人名、校名。【范文点评】Dear David，Glad to receive your email.Our school has made many safety rules for us to follow.Let me tell you something about them.We_are_asked_to_be_careful_wi
34、th_electricity_when_we_are_using_it.It_is_dangerous_to_play_with_fire，for_it_may_cause_terrible_accidents.We shouldbe asked to do sth.被要求做某事，这里运用被动语态，被动语态属于初中的一个难点，也是得分的亮点，点明了第一项；be careful with 小心某物，表明用电安全的重要性。Itsadj.to do sth.固定句型的使用，做某事是怎样的；cause accidents 导致事故，从反面说明了玩火的危害。make _sure doors and wi
35、ndows are shut before we leave.Besides，we are not allowed to swim alone，especially in deep rivers or lakes.If we really want to，we must go to the swimming pool with our parents or teachers.Whats _more，following_traffic_rules_is_also_very_important.Everyone_should_watch_out_when_crossing_the_road.And
36、 our school warns_us _not_to_play_on_the_road.I think these rules are necessary as safety comes first.Have a good summer holiday!Yours，Wang Wei make sure (that)确保，引出家庭安全的第二项：关好门窗。besides 另外，自然引出游泳安全；使用被动语态 be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事，表明单独出去游泳是不允许的，我们应该与父母一起去游泳池，go to with。 whats more，更重要的是，逐步深入，既引出了
37、交通安全，又表明了它的重要性。用短语 following traffic rules 和 watch out表明要遵守交通规则且过马路要“当心” 。warn sb.not to do sth.警告某人不要做某事，寄托了学校老师对我们无微不至的关心。,热点素材拓展沪昆高铁贵阳至长沙段2015 comes，what changes will _1_ in our city and life?Guiyang to Changsha section of highspeed railway is _2_ to open to traffic in May 2015.By train from Shan
38、ghai to Guiyang，Beijing ，only 7 hours.Shanghai to Kunming highspeed rail line is expected to open to traffic in the first half of 2016.By then the train from Guiyang to Kunming only _3_ 2 hours.It will take 13 minutes from Guiyang to Longli，it will be opened _4_ 2015._5_ length of Northeast link is
39、about 57.11 km.Its speed will be set to reach 250 kilometers per hour.Baiyun，Guiyang east，Longdongbao ，Longli north 4 stations.The project is from the Baiyun District， Wudang District，Longdongbao District，Nanming District Small Green Township to Longli county.Another small Bi to Guiyang on the updown link contact line.(贵阳特色：2015 年沪昆高铁贵阳至长沙段开通给贵阳及周边城市生活带来巨大变化)( )1.A.happen Bcome C happens( )2.A.planned Bsupposed Cexpected( )3.A.spends Bcosts Ctakes( )4.A.at the end of B by the end ofCin the end( )5.A.All the BAll of CThe whole
