1、语法专项训练六 简单句和主谓一致简单句一、单项填空1.Across from my home, a shop which sells things from foreign countries. A.it is B.it has C.there is D.that is答案:C解析:there be 结构表示某地有某物。2. brave Zhang Hua is! Yes.He helped his neighbor Mrs. Sun out of the fire.A.What a B.HowC.How a D.What答案:B解析:由 brave 是形容词,因此用 how 引导感叹句。3.
2、You come from England,dont you? .How do you know that? A.No,I do B.No,I dontC.Yes,I am D.Yes,I do答案:D解析:由“How do you know that?”判断用肯定回答。4.Jim never goes to the movies on Saturdays, ? A.does Jim B.doesnt JimC.doesnt he D.does he答案:D解析:反意疑问句的主语不用人名 ,而要用相应的人称代词; 由 never 表示否定可知此处用肯定形式。故选 D 项。5.Sorry Im
3、late. tell me the bus broke down again! A.Never to B.Not C.Dont D.No答案:C解析:祈使句的否定形式为 Dont+动词原形。6. interesting speech Mr.Zhang has given us! Yes.His pronunciation is good,too.A.How B.WhatC.What an D.How an答案:C解析:本句是感叹句,中心词是 speech,且 interesting 以元音音素开头,前用冠词 an。故用 What an。7. any students in the classr
4、oom when the earthquake happened? Yes,but they have been saved.A.There were B.Was there C.There are D.Were there答案:D解析:由主语是复数名词 student 可知 be 动词用复数形式,再由问句是一般疑问句可知选 D 项。8.There is little milk in the glass, ? A.is there B.isnt thereC.isnt it D.does it答案:A解析:there be 句型的反意疑问句主语用 there;little 表示否定 ,问句用肯
5、定形式。9.They came here to have a meeting on time, ? A.didnt they B.did theyC.dont they D.do they答案:A解析:反意疑问句前肯定后否定 ;由动词 came 可知为一般过去时。故选 A 项。10. here and dont go around,or your parents cant find you. A.To stay B.StayedC.Stay D.Staying答案:C解析:本句是祈使句,句首的动词用原形。 11. play with fire. with fire is dangerous.
6、A.Dont;Playing B.Not;PlayingC.Dont;Play D.Not to;To play答案:A解析:祈使句的否定形式为 Dont+动词原形; 第二个空用动词- ing 形式做主语。故选 A 项。12.Few of the students passed the math exam on Tuesday, ? A.did they B.dont theyC.didnt they D.do they答案:A解析:few 表示否定,所以反意疑问句用肯定形式;动词 passed 是过去式,助动词需用 did。故选 A 项。13. can we board our plane?
7、 In twenty minutes.A.How soon B.How longC.How often D.How far答案:A解析:对“in+时间段” 提问用 how soon,意为“多久以后”。故选 A 项。14.Must I wash my clothes now,Dad?No,you .You can do it after the talk show. A.mustnt B.shouldntC.wouldnt D.neednt答案:D解析:由下文句意“ 你可以在脱口秀之后做”可推测现在不必洗衣服。故选 D 项。15.She doesnt like geography, does s
8、he? .She became interested in it when she was a young child. A.Yes, she does B.Yes, she doesntC.No, she does D.No, she doesnt答案:A解析:反意疑问句的回答不能用 “Yes,she doesnt”或“No,she does”的形式;由“她很小就对它感兴趣”判断选肯定回答。16.Id like to have some more soup. delicious it is! A.What B.What a C.How D.How a答案:C解析:delicious 是形容词
9、,因此用 how 进行感叹。17. weather it is today!Lets go out for a walk. A.How fine B.What fineC.What a fine D.How a fine答案:B解析:本句是感叹句,中心词是不可数名词 weather,其前不能用不定冠词 a/an 修饰。修饰词用 what 不能用 how。故选 B 项。18.Whos that girl? ? The one behind the tree.A.Whose one B.Whos that oneC.Which one D.Wheres the one答案:C解析:由答语“树后面的
10、那个 ”判断用 which 提问“哪一个” 。19. will it take you to get to the post office? About half an hour.A.How old B.How longC.How soon D.How often答案:B解析:由答语“大约半小时 ”可知用 how long 提问一段时间。20.Dont smoke here,please. . A.I dont B.Sorry,I wontC.No way D.I will答案:B解析:由“请别在这儿吸烟 ”可知应回答为“对不起,我不吸了”。21. is the population of C
11、hina? A.How much B.How manyC.How long D.What答案:D解析:提问“人口 ”population 应用 what。22. good advice! I agree with you.We are sure to learn something.A.What B.How C.What a D.How a答案:A解析:good advice“好建议”是名词短语,且 advice 是不可数名词。故选 A 项。23.Put some chicken on a slice of bread and add a teaspoon of butter.What els
12、e?Next some tomatoes. A.cut up B.cuts up C.to cut up D.cutting up答案:A解析:祈使句以动词原形开头。故选 A 项。24.They havent paid for their tickets,have they? .They didnt pay any money. A.Yes,they have B.No,they haventC.Yes,they haventD.No,they have答案:B解析:反意疑问句的回答不能用 “Yes+否定”或“No+ 肯定”的形式,所以排除 C、D 两项; 由“他们一点钱也没付”判断选否定回答
13、。故选 B 项。25.Wed better stay at home on such a rainy day, ? A.do we B.dont weC.had we D.hadnt we答案:D解析:当陈述部分含有 had better 时,反意疑问句部分用“hadnt+主语”。26.Sorry for being late again. here on time next time,or youll be punished. A.Be B.BeingC.To be D.Been答案:A解析:本句是祈使句,句首动词用原形。27.I dont think hes fit for this jo
14、b, ? A.is he B.isnt heC.do I D.dont I答案:A解析:当陈述部分的主句是“I think”等结构时,反意疑问句部分通常由从句中的主语和谓语动词决定,并且要注意“否定前移” 。故选 A 项。28.Nothing is wrong with your bike, ? A.isnt it B.is itC.is nothing D.isnt anything答案:B解析:当陈述部分的主语是指物的不定代词 (something/anything/nothing/everything)时,问句部分的主语用 it;nothing 表示否定,所以反意疑问句部分用肯定形式。2
15、9.Alice,do you like my kite? !Its the nicest one Ive ever seen! A.What wonderful B.How wonderful kiteC.How wonderful D.What wonderful kite答案:C解析:wonderful 是形容词,因此用 how 修饰。故选 C 项。30.Are you going to borrow a pen or a pencil? . A.A pen B.Yes,a penC.No,pencil D.Yes,both答案:A解析:选择疑问句的答语应根据具体情况进行回答。故选 A 项
16、。31.Tom can speak French. . A.So Jack can B.Jack so canC.So can Jack D.Can Jack so答案:C解析:So+情态动词/助动词/系动词+ 主语,表示前者的情况也适合于后者 ,且前句必须为肯定句。32.If you dont go, . A.I will neither B.neither will IC.I neither D.neither do I答案:B解析:如果前句为否定句,后句可用 “Neither +情态动词/ 助动词/系动词+主语”表示前者情况也适合于后者。33.His sister likes going
17、 hiking. . A.So is his mother B.So his mother isC.So does his mother D.So his mother does答案:C解析:So+助动词/情态动词/系动词+ 另一个主语,表示“ 另一个主语也”。句意:他的姐姐喜欢去远行。他的妈妈也如此。故选 C 项。34.Would your younger sister go for a picnic this Saturday?If I dont go, . A.so does she B.so will sheC.neither does she D.neither will she答案
18、:D解析:If 引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来,主句用一般将来时,排除 A 项和 C 项;此处表示“如果我不去,她也不去”, 为将来的做法,使用 neither 引导的倒装句,故选 D 项。35.Never to Beijing before. A.I have been B.have been IC.have I been D.I been have答案:C解析:Never 放在句首,常构成倒装结构。句意: 以前我从未去过北京。36.Not only a first-class brain but he is also very hard-working. A.he has B.do
19、es he haveC.he had D.had he答案:B解析:not only.but also.意为“不仅而且”,连接两个并列句时,第一个句子用倒装。句意:他不仅有着聪明的头脑,而且工作很能吃苦。二、句型转换1.Alice has a tennis racket.(改为一般疑问句)Alice a tennis racket? 答案:Does;have解析:动词 has 在变一般疑问句时需加助动词 does,然后把 has 改为原形 have。2.We are going to study in the new school in two months.(对画线部分提问) are you
20、 going to study in the new school? 答案:How soon解析:in two months“两个月后 ”用 how soon“多久以后”提问。3.English is very useful.(改为感叹句)English is! 答案:How useful解析:useful 是形容词 ,用 how 引导感叹句。4.My mother does the housework every day.(改为否定句)My mother the housework every day. 答案:doesnt do解析:does 是实义动词,否定时需加助动词 does,再加 n
21、ot,然后把其改为原形 do。5.Lets go and help the old man to cross the road.(改为反意疑问句)Lets go and help the old man to cross the road, ? 答案:shall we解析:lets 开头的祈使句变反意疑问句时用 shall we。6.My pen pal is from America.(用 Japan 改为选择疑问句)Is your pen pal from America ? 答案:or Japan解析:选择疑问句用 or 连接选择的部分。7.He did some work this m
22、orning.(改为否定句)He do work this morning. 答案:didnt;any解析:变否定句时要把 some 变为 any;实义动词 did 变否定形式时要加助动词 did,再加 not,然后把其改为原形 do。8.The boy next to Li Lei is my friend.(对画线部分提问) is your friend? 答案:Which boy解析:next to Li Lei 是介词短语做定语修饰名词 boy,用 which 提问。9.You shouldnt listen to music in class.(改为祈使句)to music in c
23、lass! 答案:Dont listen解析:祈使句的否定形式由“Dont+动词原形”构成。10.Kevin will take a holiday to France next week.(用 two weeks ago 改写句子)Kevin a holiday to France two weeks ago. 答案:took解析:two weeks ago“两年前”,是一般过去时的时间状语标志,故答案是 took。主谓一致一、单项填空1.Look!Jack and his monkey flying disk together in the garden now. A.is playing
24、 B.was playingC.are playing D.were playing答案:C解析:主语 Jack and his monkey 是复数,动词用 are 或 were;由 Look!和 now 判断用现在进行时。故选C 项。2.The news very interesting!Tell me more! A.is B.areC.were D.being答案:A解析:主语 news 是不可数名词,系动词应用单数形式。3.There some milk and two eggs on the table. A.is B.are C.has D.have 答案:A解析:there b
25、e 结构中谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致,milk 是不可数名词,因此 be 动词用 is。故选 A项。4.This pair of pants mine.Yours may on the bed. A.is;be B.are;be C.are;are D.is;is答案:A解析:this pair of.做主语时谓语动词与 pair 保持一致;may 情态动词后跟动词原形。故选 A 项。5.Every man and every woman at work. A.be B.areC.is D.am答案:C解析:由 each,each.and each.,every.and every.做主语时
26、, 谓语动词用单数形式。6.The summer holidays are coming,so the twins as well as Jack to Hong Kong for vacation. A.is going B.are goingC.goes D.go答案:B解析:as well as 连接并列主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致,再由前一句可知时态为一般将来时。故选 B 项。7.There three bottles of wine on the table. A.is B.areC.has D.have答案:B解析:主语为 bottles,因此谓语动词用复数形式 ,本句是
27、there be 结构,故选 B 项。8.I called you at 5:00 yesterday afternoon,but no one answered.Sorry,I with my parents at that time. A.was shopping B.were shopping C.are shopping D.went shopping答案:A解析:with 连接并列主语时谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致 ,再由 at that time 可知时态为过去进行时。故选 A 项。9.Everyone except Tom and John seen the film. A.is
28、 B.hasC.are D.have答案:B解析:过去分词 seen 前应填 have/has 构成现在完成时; 主语后跟 except 短语时,谓语动词应与主语即except 前面的词保持一致,所以选 B 项。10.Both Jim and Kate in Beijing now.They both from America. A.is;come B.are;comeC.is;comes D.are;comes答案:B解析:both.and. 连接并列主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;they both“他们两个都”后动词也用复数形式。11.Either Sam or Jane TV now. A
29、.were watching B.are watchingC.is watching D.was watching答案:C解析:either.or.连接并列主语时,谓语动词与邻近的主语一致;由 now 判断用现在进行时。故选 C 项。12.How many girls are there in your class? them over twenty. A.A number of;are B.The number of;are C.A number of;is D.The number of;is答案:D解析:the number of.“的数量”,做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。13.Ho
30、w much the pair of shoes? Twenty dollars enough. A.is;is B.is;areC.are;is D.are;are答案:A解析:第一句主语是 pair,故用 is;第二句 twenty dollars 看作一个整体,也用 is。14.Which would you like,tea or coffee?Either OK,but I prefer coffee milk. A.is;has B.are;with C.is;with D.are;has 答案:C解析:不定代词 either 做主语时,谓语动词用单数;with“带着;具有”。15
31、.One or two friends coming to visit me tonight. A.is B.areC.was D.were答案:B解析:主语中含单数和复数时 ,谓语动词用复数形式。本句是一般现在时。故选 B 项。16.We know that doing exercise good for our health. A.be B.amC.is D.are答案:C解析:动词-ing 形式做主语,谓语动词用单数形式,故选 C 项。17.Not only my friends but also I interested in football and Messi is our fav
32、orite star. A.be B.amC.is D.are答案:B解析:not only.but also.连接主语,谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则,最近的主语是 I,故选 B 项。18.What I want to say that we should concentrate on our study. A.be B.isC.are D.am答案:B解析:what 从句做主语时 ,如果表示的是单数意义,则谓语动词用单数形式。由句意“我想说的是我们应该把精力集中在学习上”可知应选 B 项。19.One of the women from America. A.is B.areC.has D.
33、being答案:A解析:be from 意为“ 来自”,可排除 C、D 选项;“one of+复数名词”做主语,谓语动词用单数形式,故选 A项。20.What do you think of the talent show of last weekend?Wonderful!There a large number of people there. A.is B.areC.was D.were答案:D解析:people 是集合名词,做主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式,可排除 A、C 选项;由关键词“last weekend”可知谓语动词应用一般过去时,故选 D 项。21.Tom with othe
34、r boys to go and a game. A.want;watch B.wants;watchesC.wants;watch D.want;to watch答案:C解析:主语后面跟 with 短语时,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致 ,可排除 A、D 选项;and 连接并列成分,故选 C 项。22.Nobody except Tom and Mary in the classroom.The other students are watching the basketball game on the playground now. A.am B.isC.are D.be答案:B解析:主语(n
35、obody)后面跟 except 时,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致 ,故选 B 项。23.Neither Alan nor I interested in the project. A.is B.amC.are D.be答案:B解析:neither.nor.引导两个主语时,谓语动词应根据就近原则,靠近主语 I,用 am。故选 B 项。24.The shoes mine.This pair of shoes my brothers. A.are;is B.is;areC.are;are D.are;am答案:A解析:第一个句子主语是 shoes,谓语动词应用复数形式,可排除 B 项; 第二个空主语
36、是 pair,谓语动词应用单数形式,故选 A 项。25.Two months quite a long time. Yes.Im afraid that Tony will miss a lot of lessons.A.is B.has beenC.was D.were答案:A解析:时间做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。26.One of my friends moved to America.I miss her so much. A.has B.haveC.is D.are答案:A解析:句意:我的一个朋友搬到美国了,我很想念她。后一句是前一句的影响和后果 ,因此用现在完成时;主语是 one,谓
37、语动词用单数形式。27.Look!The police the food onto the bank of the river. A.am carrying B.is carryingC.are carrying D.are carried答案:C解析:由 Look 可知,本句用现在进行时。句意:警察正在往河岸上搬运食品。police 表复数含义,做主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式。故选 C 项。28.Either she or her parents going to the party next week. A.is B.areC.be D.were答案:B解析:either.or.引导并列主
38、语时,谓语动词的数应根据就近原则,空格前的主语是 parents,故选 B 项。二、词汇考查1.Eating junk food too much (be) bad for your health. 答案:is解析:动词-ing 形式做主语,谓语动词用单数。2.None of the work (have) been finished. 答案:has解析:work 是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。3.A number of trees (plant) yesterday. 答案:were planted解析:a number of 加名词复数做主语时谓语动词用复数,且根据时间状语 yesterd
39、ay 可知用一般过去时的被动语态。4.The old (take) good care of in China. 答案:are taken解析:“the+形容词 ”指一类人,做主语时谓语动词用复数形式,且与谓语 take good care of 是被动关系。5.Either Jim or Maria (be) going to help us this afternoon. 答案:is解析:“either.or.”连接并列主语时,谓语动词要依据“就近原则 ”而定。6.Ten minutes (be) enough for us to clean the classroom. 答案:is解析:
40、表时间的复数名词做主语 ,谓语动词用单数形式。7.The family (watch) TV when I came in. 答案:were watching解析:the family 指“ 一家人”。8.Not only my parents but also my brother (know) him very well. 答案:knows解析:not only.but also.连接并列主语时谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。9.Three fifths of the population (be) farmers in China. 答案:are解析:population 前加分数或百分数做主语时 ,谓语动词用复数。10.Each student (wear) a uniform. 答案:wears解析:each 加单数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数形式。
