1、第一节 时态的基本构成,河北中考重难点突破【满分点拨】一、动词的五种基本形式变化表英语动词有五种基本形式，即：动词原形、第三人称单数(现在式) 、过去时、过去分词和现在分词。形式 构成 例词动词原形 没有经过任何变形，就是词典 中一般给出的形式来源:学优高考网gkstkbe，do，have，come第三人称单数一般在动词原形后直接加s workworksreadreads续表形式 构成 例词第三人称单数以s，o，x，z，sh ，ch结尾的动词，后加esgogoeswashwashes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为 i再加esflyfliesstudystudies过去式与过去分词一般在动
2、词原形后直接加ed workworkedstaystayed在以e结尾的动词后只加d closeclosedlikeliked以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，应将y改为 i再加edstudystudiedcarrycarried以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加edstopstoppedplanplanned现在分词一般在动词原形后直接加ing sleepsleepingwaitwaiting以不发音的e 结尾的动词，去e再加ingsmilesmilingmovemoving以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写此辅音字母再加ingsitsittingdig
3、diggingplanplanning少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加ingdiedyinglielying常见的短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换：短暂性动词 延续性动词have closed/opened have been closed/openhave died have been deadhave left have been awayhave begun/started have been onhave finished/ended have been overhave become have beenhave borrowed have kepthave bought have
4、hadhave joined have been a member of/have been inhave left sp. have been away from sp.have fallen asleep have been asleephave put on have wornhave caught/got a cold have had a coldhave got to know have known二、常见六种时态的构成及用法河北中考对于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、一般将来时、过去进行时、现在完成时都有考查，须掌握这些时态的基本构成和功能。种类 意义 构成特点 时间标志词
5、例句 备注一般现在时1.现阶段经常性或习惯性动作；2目前的状态；3客观真理be用 am/is/are；主语是第三人称单数时，作谓语的行为动词词尾加s/es；其他人称和数用动词原形。often， sometimes，usually，always，twice a month，on Sundays，every week/month/year(every系列)He usually leaves for school at 7 in the morning.他经常早上7点去学校。The moon moves around the earth.月亮绕着地球转。一般过去时1.过去发生的动作；2过去存在的状态
6、be用was/were；其他动词用过去式just now， ago， in 1980，last night/week/month(last系列)， this morning，yesterday，the other day，used toWe went to the History Museum last Monday.上周一我们去了历史博物馆。I was busy yesterday.我昨天很忙。一般来源:学优高考网gkstk将来时1.将来发生的动作；2将来存在的状态1.助动词will(shall)动词原形2am/is/are going to动词原形tomorrow，from now on，
7、 soon，in the future， next year/week/month/term(next系列)I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我将在校门口见你。Ill be 15 next week.下周我就15岁了。在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。现在进行时说话时或现阶段正在进am/is/are动词的现在分now，at present，at The telephone is 表示位置移动或状态变行的动作 词 the moment，look，listenringing.Could you answer it，pl
8、ease？电话响了，你可以接听一下吗？化的动词，如：come ，go，leave等词的现在进行时形式可表示将要发生的动作。来源:gkstk.Com过去进行时过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作was/were动词的现在分词at 1：00 last night，at that moment，表示过去时间的状语从句I was reading when he came in.当他进来的时候，我正在读书。He was always complaining about something.他总是抱怨一些事情。在复合句中，如果两个动作同时发生，那么延续性动词用过去进行时，短暂性动词用一般过去时，通常在wh
9、en 或while引导的时间状语从句中出现。续表种类 意义 构成特点 时间标志词 例句 备注现在完成时1.到现在为止已经完成的动作；对现在还有影响；2从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态来源:gkstk.Comhave/has动词的过去分词yet， just，before，recently，once，already，lately，ever，never，since 1996，for ten yearsHe has only been to the Great Wall once.他只去过长城一次。I have been in the Youth Volunteers for five years.我
10、来到青年志愿者有五年了。1.since后面的从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时；2.短暂性动词不与一段时间连用。如果要与一段时间连用必须换成延续性动词。(见上表)【考点抢测】( B )1.(2017温州中考)Simon looks worried because he_a writing competition and now hes waiting for the result. Aenters Bentered 来源:gkstk.ComCwill enter Dis entering( A )2.(2017 南充中考 )Look! Your teacher Miss White is ov
11、er there.No, it cant be her. She_to Beijing.Ahas gone B.has beenC.went D.will go( C )3.(2017 唐山路北二模)I called you last night but you didnt answer the phone.At 8：00？I_with my family at WalMart at that time.Ashop B shoppedCwas shopping Dhave shopped( C )4.(2017 邢台二模)Come on，boys and girls.Im sure you_t
12、he basketball game in the end.Awin BwonCwill win Dhave won( C )5.(2017 石家庄裕华一模)Which team do you think_the game?Hard to say.There are still ten minutes before it ends.Awon Bhas wonCwill win Dwins( C )6.( 保定调研)Nobody _ TV.Lets turn it off.Awatches BwatchedCis watching Dwas watching( C )7. (石家庄43中模拟)I dont know when he _But when he _，please tell me so that I will wait for him at the bus stop.Awill come；will comeBcomes；comesCwill come；comesDcomes ；will come
