1、八年级(下) Units 12,河北中考基础知识梳理)类别 课标考点要求重点词汇1._shower_n阵雨；淋浴2_neither_conj.&adv.既不；也不；(二者)都不3_instead _adv.代替；更换4_push_v&n.推；按下5_ rabbit_n兔子6_low_adj.低的；浅的7 _below_prep.&adv.低于；在下面8_zero_num.零9._hole_n洞10_large _adj.大的；巨大的11 _cover_v覆盖 n盖子12 _fill_v装满；充满13_storm_n暴风雨14 _dirty_adj.不干净的；肮脏的15_northern_adj
2、.北方的；北部的16_eastern _adj.东方的；东部的17_bottom_n底部；最下部18._basic_adj.基本的；基础的19_consider_v仔细考虑；认为；觉得20_test_v&n.测验；考查21_dry _adj.干的 v使干；变干22_purpose_n目的；目标；意图23_shy_adj.害羞的24_ yard_n院子；场地词汇拓展1.pleasant(副词)_pleasantly_2rise( 过去式 )_rose_(过去分词) _risen_3set (过去式) _set_(过去分词) _set_4.wind( 形容词)_windy _5exact(副词)_
3、exactly_6gently (形容词)_ gentle_( 名词 )绅士_gentleman_短语归纳1._be_scared_of_害怕；恐惧2_neithernor_既不也不3_one_by_one_一个接一个4_ long_for_渴望；向往；盼望5_all_year_round _一年到头；终年6_hundreds_of_数百的7_turn_around_转身8_ give_a_push_推一下9_as _as_和 一样10_ not_until_直到才11_fill_ _with_用填满12_by_the _way_顺便说一下13._turn_into_变成14_in_the_b
4、ottom_of_ 在底部15_take _energy_from_从获取能量16_in_ a_word_总之；一句话17_have_fun _doing_做有趣18_make_sure _确信19_keep_away_from_使远离20_look_after _照顾；照看21_at_the_top_of_在上面22_in_the_middle_of_在中间；在中部23_along_with_和 一起24_best_of_all_更好的是；更重要的是句型温故1.现在我既不需要我冬天的厚外套也不需要我的靴子了！I need _neither_ my heavy winter coat _nor
5、_ my boots now.2今天早晨在我上学的路上，我看见一些开花的迎春花。On my way to school this morning，I 5.我们可能直到5月或6月才会看见花儿！We probably _wont_ see any flowers _until_ May or June!6它必须足够大，才能容纳幼苗的根。It must be _large_enough_to_hold_ the roots of the seedling.7种植物既有趣，又很重要。_saw_ some winter jasmine _blossoming_.3白天逐渐变长了并且早上太阳升起得更早了。
6、The days are _getting_longer_ and the sun _rises_earlier_ in the morning.4在我的故乡，感觉好像差不多一年到头都是春天。In my hometown，it _feels_like_ spring nearly _all_year_round_._Its_ fun and important _to_ plant plants.8这种植物供小孩子玩耍是很有趣的。This plant is fun _for_ small children _to_ play with.9当提到笑的时候，这种树真的很有趣。_When_it_co
7、mes_to_laughing_，this tree is really funny.语法总览构词法。话题再现1.Spring is coming(春天来了) 2.Plant a plant(种植植物),河北五年中考真题演练)词汇类1(2017年74题)He often listens _carefully_(careful) to my problems.2(2016年76题)I got up early_ and called some of my closest friends.3(2015年80题)Mum and Dad send their best _wishes_(wish)4(
8、2014年81题)Linda is the big _winner_ (win) of the car race.5(2014年83题)We should always speak _politely _ (polite) to our parents.6(2013年82题)It is a _sunny_(sun)day.Lets go outside and play.,河北中考重难点突破)辨析instead和instead of【考点抢测】1Mr.Black doesnt like travelling.He stayed at home _instead_of_ going out al
9、l the summer.(in order to/instead of)2他没有回答我的问题。相反，他问了我另外一个问题。He didnt answer my question._Instead_，he asked me another one.【考点剖析】instead 副词 可单独用于句首或句末，位于句首时，用逗号与后面的句子隔开 ；在顺承句中表示“代替”，转折句中表示“然而”。instead of 介词短语 意为“代替；而不是”后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，其同义词组为rather than，但rather than后一般跟动词原形。辨析see sb.do sth.和see sb.do
10、ing sth.【考点抢测】1我看见一群男孩正在打篮球。I saw a group of boys _playing_ basketball.2我经常看见孩子们在树下玩游戏。I often see the children _play_ games under the tree.( D )3.I tried to make Alice _ her mind but I found it difficult.Well，I saw you _ that when I went past.Achanged；do Bchanges；doing Cchange；to do Dchange；doing【考
11、点剖析】句型 用法 类似结构see sb.do sth.意为“看见某人做某事”，表示动作经常发生或已经完成。来源:学优高考网hear/watch sb.do sth.(听见 /看见某人做某事)see sb.doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”，表示动作正在发生。hear/watch sb. doing sth.(听见 /看见某人正在做某事)see/hear/watch sb.do sth.的被动语态为sb.be seen/heard/watched to do sth.辨析rise和raise【考点抢测】1日出于东而落于西。The sun _rises_ in the east an
12、d sets in the west.2暴雨使河水水位升高。Heavy rains _raised_ the river.【考点剖析】rise是“上升，上涨，起床，站立”的意思。该词含义较广，总的意思是指依次上升，如自然界的日、月、星、雾、云的上升，人体从睡、跪、坐、躺等姿势站立起来等。该词为不及物动词，其过去式与过去分词分别是rose 和risen。raise用作及物动词，其基本含义是“使升起来，举起”，它的过去分词和过去式都是raised。neither nor的用法【考点抢测】来源:学优高考网1两件大衣我都不喜欢。I like _neither_ of these two coats.2
13、我觉得哪本书都没意思。I think _none_ of the books is/are interesting.3马路两边都有树。There are some trees on _each_ side of the road.There are some trees on _both_ sides of the road.4他比班里任何一个学生都高。He is taller than _any_ other student in his class.( A )5.(2017临沂中考 )Do you plan to watch a talent show or a sports show t
14、onight?_I cant stand them.I plan to watch a sitcom.ANeither BBothCNone DEither【考点剖析】neithernor表示“既不也不”。其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成分；当连接两个主语时，也应遵循“就近原则”。如：She likes neither butter nor cheese.( 连接宾语)她既不喜欢黄油，也不喜欢乳酪。She is neither clever nor hardworking.(连接表语)她既不聪明，也不勤奋。Neither she nor I am at home today.(连接主语)
15、今天我和她都不在家。She can neither sing nor dance.(连接谓语)她既不会唱歌，也不会跳舞。来源:学优高考网gkstk【考点拓展】both，all，neither，either，any与none 的用法区别使用范围 都 都不 之一两者 both neither either三者或三者以上 all none any如：My parents are both teachers.我父母都是老师。All the teachers will come here at ten.所有的老师十点到这儿。until的用法【考点抢测】( B )1.Yesterday we waited
16、 _ the heavy rain stopped.Aunless BuntilCafter Dbefore( B )2.Our Chinese teacher didnt go to bed _ he finished his work last night.Aif BuntilCsince Dbecause【考点剖析】词性 释义 例句“为止，在之前”，表动作、状态的继续。I waited until three oclock.我一直等到了三点钟。介词“到为止；直到才”，一般用于否定句中。The noise didnt stop until midnight.噪音一直到午夜才停止。表动作、状
17、态的继续，“直到(另一动作或状态出现)之前” 。He lived with his parents until he got married.他与父母住在一起直到他结婚为止。连词“直到，直到才”，一般用于否定句。The children wont come home until it is dark.孩子们直到天黑才回家。备注 until与表示延续性的动词连用，表示动作及状态继续到某一个时刻【考点拓展】1.until用于肯定句中，表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止，一般可译为“直到为止”。在这种用法中，主句的谓语动词必须是持续动词(非瞬间动词)，如：live，wait，las
18、t，love，like ， stay，work，continue 等。2until用于否定句中，表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生之前尚未发生，或者说主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始。一般可译为“直到才”。consider的用法【考点抢测】( C )1.Ive no idea where to go next month.Why not _ visiting Beijing？There are so many places of interest there.Asuggest BwonderCconsider Dregard2Why not consider _visiting_(参观) Pa
19、ris？It is a most fascinating city.3Charles Babbage is generally considered _inventing_ (发明) the first computer.4We _consider_(认为) Miss Wang as a good teacher.【考点剖析】consider作“考虑”讲时，常用于以下句型：用法 例句consider名词/代词/动名词 Youd better consider my suggestion.你最好考虑我的建议。consider从句或“疑问词不定式”We must consider what to
20、do next.我们必须考虑下一步要做什么。consider作“认为”讲时，常用于以下句型：用法 例句consider sb./sth. (as)形容词/名词，其中as 可以省略 We consider him honest.我们认为他很诚实。considersb./sth. 不定式，其中不定式通常是to be(可以省略)或其他动词的完成式We consider this matter to be very important.我们认为这件事很重要。considerit形容词/名词不定式短语 We consider it hard to study English well.我们认为学好英语很
21、难。consider宾语从句We consider that the piece of music is well worth listening to.我们认为这首音乐很值得一听。辨析“It isadj.of sb.to do ”和“It isadj.for sb.to do”【考点抢测】 of， for1(2018中考预测)Its really kind _of_ you to give me so much help.2Its very important _for_ us to know what you can do or cant.【考点剖析】句型 含义 注意It isadj.of
22、 sb.to do 某人做某事 形容词修饰sb.It isadj.for sb.to do 做某事对某人来说 形容词修饰to do如：Its clever of you to think so.你能这样想很聪明。(clever修饰you)Its bad for our teeth to eat too much sugar every day.每天吃太多糖对我们的牙齿有害。(bad修饰 to eat too much sugar)Its good for you to do morning exercises every day.对你来说每天做早操是有好处的。,河北中考考点精练).单项选择。(
23、 B )1.(2017潍坊中考) “Food Safety” has become one of the hottest topics recently.Yeah，it receives _ Internet hits a day.Athousands Bthousands ofCthousand Dhundreds( C )2.(2017甘肃中考)There _ a basketball game between these two grades in the gym this afternoon.Awill Bis going to haveCis going to be Dwill ha
24、ve( B )3.(2017昆明中考)Nowadays，its convenient and cheap for us _ a sharedbicycle.Aride Bto ride C flying Dto fly( B )4.(2017南通中考)It is known to all that the day becomes shorter and shorter _ winter comes.Abefore B when Cuntil Dsince( C )5.(2017南通中考)Sandy ，_ for some information about the topic.Then sha
25、re it with us，please.Ais searching BsearchesCsearch Dwill search( B )6.(2017达州中考) What about these two coats，madam?_ of them fits me.Could you show me _ one?AEither；other B Neither；anotherCNeither；else DEither ；another( B )7.(2017青岛中考) Can I come today or tomorrow?_ is OK.Im busy today and tomorrow.
26、AEither B Neither CEach DNone( D )8.(2017唐山路南中考)One Belt and One Road(一带一路) will serve to _ markets for China as well as other countries along.Agive up B look upCtake up D open up( B )9.(2017江苏中考) Hiking and swimming are good ways to relax._ are OK，I think，but I like jogging best.ANeither BBoth C Al
27、l DNone( C )10.(2017宁夏回族自治区中考)She _ her parents since last year.Adoesnt see Bdidnt seeChasnt seen Dwont see.(2017南京中考)完形填空。You and your family are planning a picnic for tomorrow. But you want to _1_ the weather forecast(预报) first to see whether there will be rain or not. Your father turns on the tel
28、evision and the family listens to the _2_ make the weather report. “It will be partly cloudy tomorrow morning，_3_ clearing by early afternoon. The high tomorrow will be 85.”As there will be no rain, the whole family feels _4_. Without the weather forecast, you would not know this, and you would just
29、 have to take your chances. But now you can plan your picnic _5_ worrying whether it will rain or not. The man you can thank for this is Cleveland Abbe. He is known as the father of the weather bureau. He was the first person to publish _6_ weather forecasts in the United States. Abbe began his dail
30、y weather bulletins(简报) in 1869. They were based on weather _7_ he drew from telegraphed reports of weather conditions. Because of their accuracy(准确), the reports were _8_. Congress(国会 ) became _9_ in Abbes weather reports. They made Abbe a meteorologist(someone who studies weather conditions), and
31、he _10_ issuing(发布) forecasts three times a day. He was the first official forecaster of the US. Weather Service. Because he often forecasted probable storms, Abbe earned the nickname of “Old Probabilities”( C )1.A.produce Bspread Ccheck Dorganize( D )2.A.fireman BpostmanCfisherman Dweatherman( B )3
32、.A.so Bbut Cafter D because( A )4.A.happy Bworried Cstressed Dcurious( B )5.A.about Bwithout C against Dfrom( C )6.A.online Bpolluted Cdaily Dindoor( A )7.A.maps Bstations Cspace Dcentres( B )8.A.strange Bpopular Cterrible Duseless( D )9.A.successful BsimilarCbored Dinterested( B )10.A.avoided Bbega
33、n Cminded D risked.(2017天津中考)阅读理解。As an Englishman, I can speak three languagesEnglish, German and French, so do you think the British people are very good language learners? The fact is that they arent.Some statistics(数据) from the survey done by the European Commission(欧盟委员会) showed that 62% of the
34、 British people only speak English. 38% speak at least one foreign language and 18% speak two or more. Compared with the British people, 56% of the people in other European countries speak at least one foreign language and 28% speak two or more. From this you can see that the British people are famo
35、us for not speaking foreign languages and that they are not good language learners in Europe.And the survey also showed that English is the most widelyspoken foreign language. Many European people can have a conversation in English. Thats why many people dont think it is necessary to learn a foreign
36、 language.In Britain, students are not required to learn a foreign language. That means learning a foreign language is only an_option at school. In UK. schools it is common for children to start learning a foreign language at 11 and many of them give it up at 14. So why dont students continue learni
37、ng foreign languages at school? Because they think it is more difficult to get good marks in languages than in other subjects such as science or history.To solve this situation, the British government is looking for different ways to improve language learning at school. One way is to start learning
38、it at a much younger age. Another one is to give school children more choices.Changing the British attitude(态度) to learning foreign languages may be a hard task but the government decides to try!( C )1.Which country does the writer come from?AAmerica. BChina. CBritain. DEgypt.( D )2. Which of the fo
39、llowing about the British people is true?AThey are good language learners.B62% of them speak two or more languages.CThey are famous for speaking foreign languages.DMore than half of them only speak English.( C )3. According to the passage, students in Britain prefer to learn _Ascience or German Bhis
40、tory or GermanCscience or history DGerman or French( A )4. In Paragraph 4, “an option” means _Aa choice Ba gameCa mistake Da conversation( B )5. What is the best title of the passage?ASpeaking EnglishBForeign Language Learning in UK.CSchools in UK.DYoung English Learners.(2017古冶一模)任务型阅读。Experiencing
41、 life is a kind of learning.And there are several things that life has taught me that I want to share with you. Take care of your body.Whether you like it or not, life is unfairly biased(偏向的) towards people who look good.So its important that you do all to make you look best.I mean dressing nicely,
42、exercising regularly and eating healthily.If you take care of your body, you will live longer and more happily, and you may even get better paid on your job.You_should_remember_that_your_health_is_always_your_greatest_wealth. Think in the long term.In high school I was thinking about college.In coll
43、ege I was thinking about life after college.Im designing my life and Im making decisions today that will enable me to live the life I hope for in the future.You have to think in the long term；you have to see the “big picture”By planning your future properly, you will live into your plans. Besides, I
44、 have something else to share with you.Be clear about the power of focus(注意力)Focus, focus, focusNothing is more important than focus.If you fail in the lifetime, maybe its mainly because of broken focus.If you focus on the goals that are important to you, you will achieve them.What separates the win
45、ners from the losers is that the winners learn to focus on their goals.Winners just focus on achieving what is critical(极重要的) to their goals.1题完成句子；23题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下最后一段的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1According to the passage, life is unfairly biased towards people who _look_good_2How will you live into your pl
46、ans?_By_planning_our/my_future_properly._3What separates the winners from the losers?_What_separates_the_winners_from_the_losers_is_that_the_winners_learn_to_focus_on_their_goals./The_winners_learn_to_focus_on_their_goals._4_Be_clear _about_the_power_of_focus._5_你应该记住你的健康总是/永远是你最好/ 棒/大的财富。_.(2017邯郸一模)词语运用。Do you want to
