1、Photovoltaic光伏系统,Overview Systems Vision,2,光伏系统分类,离网型,并网型,A: 太阳能电池板 B: 逆变器 C: 充电控制器 D: 电池,A: 太阳能电池板 B: 逆变器 C: 出电计量表 D: 入电计量表 E: 电网,3,主要成本占比 电池板: 85 % 变流器: 10 % 安装成本 5%,光伏系统成本分析,4,系统发电量达到 4,6 kWp,电池板占地面积. 35m - 40m Single phase feeding up to 4,6 KWp, above only 3 phase Feeding Price incl. mounting fo
2、r end customers approx. 29.500.- incl. taxes.,AC- Disconnector,5,发电量达到 50kWp,所需占地面积. 350m - 400m Price incl. mounting for end customers depents on size,Strang 1 1000V/10A,Strang 2 1000V/10A,Strang m 1000V/10A,=,Solar,modules,Inverter,AC,-,main,switch,DC,-,switch,disconnector,DC,-,String,-,protector,
3、Grid,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String m 1000V/10A,=,Solar,modules,Inverter,AC- Disconnector,DC,-,switch,disconnector,DC,-,String,-,protection,Grid,6,大规模光伏发电,Big Plants: Average installed Power: 2MWp,Solar modules,AC-Disconector,Grid,DC-String protection,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Switch D
4、isconnector,DC-Surge Arrester,AC-Surge Arrester,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String m 1000V/10A,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String n 1000V/10A,=,L1 L2 L3 N PE,Inverter,kWh,RCD,7,System configuration of big plants,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String m 1000V/10A,=,L1 L2 L3
5、N PE,Inverter,kWh,RCD,Solar modules,Grid,DC-String protection,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Surge Arrester,AC-Surge Arrester,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String n 1000V/10A,AC-Disconnector,8,DC-String Protection,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String m 1000V/10A,=,L
6、1 L2 L3 N PE,Inverter,kWh,RCD,Solar modules,Grid,DC-String protection,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Surge Arrester,AC-Surge Arrester,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String n 1000V/10A,AC-Disconnector,9,DC-String Protection,If there are more than two strings in parallel then
7、the maximum fault current can flow in any string is equal to the (number of strings-1) times the short circuit rating of one string.,Rated voltage of fuse-link: Greater than 1,2 x VOC ARRAY VOC ARRAYOpen circuit voltage of array,IEC 60364-7-712 (IEC 62548) 82/514/CD IEC 60947,Ifault = (n-1) x Istrin
8、g,10,DC-String Protection (Fuse - Switch),20A,2 pole,2 pole,1 pole,1 pole,11,DC-String Protection (Fuse-link),6 - 20A,12,DC-String Protection (PKZ-SOL),12 - 60A,DC in,DC out,+,+,-,-,13,DC-String Protection (PKZ-SOL),14,DC-String Protection (NZM for DC),20 - 500A,15,DC-Switch Disconnector,String 1 10
9、00V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String m 1000V/10A,=,L1 L2 L3 N PE,Inverter,kWh,RCD,Solar modules,Grid,DC-String protection,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Surge Arrester,AC-Surge Arrester,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String n 1000V/10A,AC-Disconnector,16,DC-Switches,17,DC Switc
10、h Disconnector (P-SOL),20 - 60A,Single Device can be integrated in any enclosure (e. g. inverter or node),Wired and Boxed Device ready for use equipped with different plug systems (e. g. Multi Contact MC4),18,DC Switch Disconnector (P-SOL),UOC DC 1000 VDC Ie 20, 30, 60 Amps Utilization category DC-2
11、1B Degree of protection IP20 (Switch), IP65 (Enclosure) Appliance class II (Enclosure) (double insulated) Ambient temperature -25C up to +60C DC inputs 2, 4, 8 Strings; Multi-Contact MC4 Standards on the basis of IEC 60947-1 and -3, UL 508 Approvals TV (or similar bodies),can be integrated in any en
12、closure (e. g. inverter or node),19,DC Switch Disconnector (P-SOL),20,DC Switch Disconnector (N-S1-DC),21,DC Switch Disconnector (N-S1-DC),Next Step: DC - Switch Disconnectors with Short Circuit Protection NS-S1-DC,22,AC - Disconnector,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String m 1000V/10A,=,L1 L2
13、 L3 N PE,Inverter,kWh,RCD,Solar modules,Grid,DC-String protection,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Surge Arrester,AC-Surge Arrester,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String n 1000V/10A,AC-Disconnector,23,AC - Disconnector,Different possible Moeller products (depending on inverter
14、 and system layout / system size),Contactor,MCB Miniature Circuit Breaker,MCCB Molded Case Circuit Breaker,ACB Air Circuit Breaker,Switch- Disconnector,24,Residual Current Device RCD,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String m 1000V/10A,=,L1 L2 L3 N PE,Inverter,kWh,RCD,Solar modules,Grid,DC-Strin
15、g protection,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Surge Arrester,AC-Surge Arrester,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String n 1000V/10A,AC-Disconnector,25,Residual Current Device RCD Typ B,Where a PV supply system without at least simple seperation between AC side and the DC side, an
16、 RCD type B acc. to IEC 62423 has to be installed to provide fault protection,Where the PV inverter by construction is not able to feed DC fault currents into the electrical installation, an RCD type B acc. to IEC 62423 is not required,IEC 60364-7-712 IEC 62423,26,Residual Current Device RCD Typ B,2
17、 pole,4 pole,30mA,30mA,100mA,300mA,Common,Common,16-125A,30-300mA,27,Residual Current Device RCD Typ B,4 pole,300mA,40-80A,300mA,28,Residual Current Device RCD Typ B,40-250A,30 - 1000mA,NZM2 / N2 4pole RCD,All-current sensitive,29,Residual Current Device RCD Typ A,2 pole,16-100A,10-500mA,30,Residual
18、 Current Device RCD Typ A,4 pole,25-100A,30-500mA,31,Residual Current Device RCD Typ A,4 pole,2 pole,40A,100mA,25-100A,100-300mA,32,Residual Current Device RCD Typ A,20-160A,30-3000mA,20-250A,30-3000mA,NZM1 / N1 3 or 4pole RCD,NZM2 / N2 4pole RCD,33,AC Surge Protective Devices (SPD),String 1 1000V/1
19、0A,String 2 1000V/10A,String m 1000V/10A,=,L1 L2 L3 N PE,Inverter,kWh,RCD,Solar modules,Grid,DC-String protection,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Switch Disconnector,DC-Surge Arrester,AC-Surge Arrester,String 1 1000V/10A,String 2 1000V/10A,String n 1000V/10A,AC-Disconnector,34,AC Surge Protective Devices
20、(SPD),IEC 60364-4-44, clause 443, includes protection against overvoltages of atmospheric origin (caused by indirect, distant lightning strokes) and switching overvoltages. Tis protection is normally provided by the installation of test class II SPDs and if necessary test class III SPDs.,IEC 62305 i
21、ncludes protection against effects of direct lightning strokes near to the supply system. It describes the correct selection and application of SPDs according to the Lightning Protection Zones (LPZ) concept. LPZ concept describes the installation of test class I, test class II and test class III SPDs.,IEC 60364-5-53 Clause 534 IEC 62305 series IEC 61643-1,35,AC Surge Protective Devices (SPD),3 pole,Type 1+2,2 pole,Type 2,4 pole,Test class II,Test class I+II,=,=,
