1、2000 Passage OneL:effortless a.毫不费力的dreadful a.可怕地 dread v./n.畏惧，惧怕handicap n./vt.障碍handle vt.处理，应对driving force 推动力glowing a.辉煌的 glow v./n.发光competitor n.竞争者industrial n.产业工人 a. 工业的；产业的scale n.规模economies of scale 规模经济skilled a.熟练的prosperous a.繁荣的 prosper vi. prosperity n.destroy = destruct vt.摧毁；破
2、坏 destruction n.inevitable a.不可避免的 inevitably ad.avoidable a.可以避免的primacy n.首要；首要地位 primary a.narrow vt.变窄；变小 a.窄的retreat n./v.后退，退却；撤退predominance n.主导，支配 predominate v. predominant a.at a loss over A 面对 A 不知所措industry n.工业；企业；行业electronics n.电子产品；电子学shrink v.(shrank, shrunk)萎缩；退缩；缩水vanish v.消失text
3、ile n.纺织品sweep v.(swept, swept)扫；席卷machine-tool n.机床on the ropes 处于危险中semiconductor n.半导体casualty n.牺牲品inquiry n.调查；询问 inquire v.sensational a.耸人听闻的，轰动性的；感觉的 sensation n.warnings n.警告overseas a./ad./n. 海外的；海外look back on A 回顾 Asolid a./n.连续的；紧密的；固体的struggle n./v.挣扎attribute A to B 把 A 归因于 Bsolely ad
4、.完全，非常dued a.贬值的blind pride 盲目的骄傲go on a diet 节食quick-witted a.机智的wit n.才智；理智dean n.系主任，院长executive dean 副主任，副院长school n.学院，系；学校think-tank n.智囊团，智库domestic a.国内的；家庭的 domesticate vt.驯养impetus n.动力，推动力give an impetus to sth 给 sth 以推动力manifest v.表明，表现；证明 a.明显的withdraw v.撤退；取回take over 接管collapse v./n.崩
5、溃suicide n.自杀 suicidal a.auto = automobile n.汽车，机动车intense a.激烈的pave v.铺路；铺平 pavement n.人行道beyond the dreams of sb 超越了 sb 的梦想，sb 做梦都想不到make painstaking effort to do 尽力做，努力做take pains to do 尽力做，努力做，下苦功做Passage TwoL:male n./a.男性；雄性female n./a.女性；雌性ratio n.比率universal n.普遍模式；普遍特征 a. 普遍的；宇宙的mortality n.
6、死亡；大量死亡；死亡数；死亡率mortal a.死的；终有一死的；致命的excess n.多余；过多crucial a.决定性的，关键的；艰难的；十字形的search for A = look for A 寻找 Asearch A for B 为了寻找 B 而搜查 Amate n.配偶；伙伴agent n.因素；代理人，代理商；特工commit suicide = kill oneself 自杀roughly = approximately = about ad.大概，大约take advantage of = make use of 利用poverty n.贫穷 poor a.tribal
7、a.部落的 tribe n.部落organic a.器官的；有机的；有机体的；组织的organic being 有机体ugliness n.丑陋 ugly a.descendant n.后代fierce a.激烈的；猛烈的；凶残的go nowhere 到头了；哪都不去W:There are twice as many A as B. （A 和 B 为可数名词）A 的数量是 B 的数量的两倍。Among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. 70 到 79 岁的人当中，女性的数量是男性数量的两倍。Passage ThreeL:far
8、fetched a.牵强的principle n.原则in years to come = in the future 在将来with regard to 关于，至于，对于poetry n.诗歌，诗case n.情况class vt.对.进行分类literature n.文学；文献，资料in brief 简言之brief a.简短的，简洁的；短暂的consequently ad.因此，所以corresponding a.相对应的speed up vt.加快interpret vt.解释，阐释；口译pour v.倾泻，灌注，流hamper vt.阻碍unhampered a.未受阻碍的，不受阻碍
9、的stop n.句号qualifying a.限定的，修饰的press n.压力；媒体；出版社make up 编造imitate v.模仿 imitation n.type n.字体；种类ink n.墨，油墨；墨水at will 任意地，随意地upsetting a.令人心烦的upset v.使心烦；扰乱；推翻，颠覆note n.注释Turkish a.土耳其的Bulgarian a.保加利亚的consist of 由.构成，包括fill v.满足；充满proposition n.主张，建议；观点all the same 尽管如此essential a.基本的，根本的 essentially
10、ad.merit n.优点law n.法则；法律novel a.新颖的 novelty n.novel n.小说flaw n.缺点，缺陷，缺失ignore vt.不理会；忽视 ignorance n.无知 ignorant a.无知的mode n.模式，方式adjective n.形容词be based on A 基于 Abase A on B 把 A 建立在 B 的基础上ordinary people = common people 普通人be indicative of = indicate 表明transient a.短暂的，瞬时的S:A is more of B than (of) C
11、. = A is less of C than (of) B. 与其说 A 是 C，不如说 A 是 B。Futurist poetry is more of a transient phenomenon than literature.未来派诗歌与其说是文学，不如说是一种短暂的现象/昙花一现。Passage FourL:aimlessness n.无目标A is typical of B. A 是 B 的典型特点。postwar a./ad.战后envy n./v.羡慕对象；羡慕A is envy of B. A 是 B 的羡慕对象。hardworking a.勤奋的fulfill v.完成，
12、实现entry n.进入；入口rigid a.严格的；刚性的 rigidity n.counterpart n.对应的人/物stress/emphasize A over B A 和 B 当中，更强调/ 重视 Acreativity n.创造性show up 出现score n.分数；得分ruling a.执政的；统治的 n.判决frustration n.挫折，挫折感 frustrate v.drop out 不参与，离去，放弃wild a.野的；狂野的；野生的incidence n.发生；发生率assault n./v.攻击amid = in the middle of prep.在.当中
13、outcry n.大声疾呼；大声喊叫；抗议，反对prewar a./ad.战前emphasis n.强调；重视raise eyebrow 扬眉毛(表示生气、气愤、惊讶等)authority n. 当局，政府；权威；权威人士morality n.品德；道德A has more to do with B. A 和 B 有更大的关系/联系。A has (something) to do with B. A 和 B 有某种关系/ 联系。endure v. 忍受 endurance n.centralization n.集中 centralize v.abandon A in favor of B 为了
14、 B 放弃 A，放弃 A 转而选择 Bhousehold n.家庭commute n./v.上下班，上下班的路程discomfort n.不适tell vi.产生影响，产生效果divorce n./v.离婚quarter n.四分之一positive a.积极的on the decline 在衰落中participation n.参与，参加 participate v.be dissatisfied with A 对 A 不满A is characterized by B. A 的特点是 B。cultivation n.培养；栽培 cultivate v.be tolerant of A 容忍
15、/宽容 AS：While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression_r.尽管日本的教育因为强调基础教育经常受到西方人的表扬，但在应试和机械的学习与创造性和自我表达二者当中，它更加重视前者。Frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop ou
16、t and run wild.面对这类事情所产生的挫折感使孩子放弃（学习） ，到处乱跑。Fully 76 percent of Japans 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation households.日本 1.19 亿公民中，至少有 76%的人住在城市，在城市里，人们放弃了社区和多代同堂的家庭，转而选择了封闭的两代人的家庭。Passage FiveL:regard v
17、t./n.重视；尊敬；看待disregard vt./n.不尊重，漠视，不理会distinction n.声望；卓越；区别，差别distinct a.有区别的，不同的；明显的destiny n.命运deem v.认为be worthy of 值得，应得on ones behalf 代表某人vitality n.活力，生命力 vital a.admire vt.钦佩；羡慕；赞美not least = especially = in particular ad.尤其note n.语调，笔触，意味hypocrisy n.虚伪hypocrite n.虚伪的人 hypocritical a.barn n
18、.谷仓ride v./n.骑，乘formerly = previously = before ad.以前summer home = summer house 避暑庄园brand n.商标，牌子；烙印item n.项目，物品；条目，条款confess v.承认；忏悔 confession n.lest = for fear that conj.以免pushing a.咄咄逼人，自以为是acquisitive = greedy a.贪婪的vulgar a.粗俗的instead ad.相反treat sb to sth 用 sth 招待 sb，把 sth 给 sbfine a.美妙的；细微的spec
19、tacle n.景象；眼镜ample a.充足的critic n.批评者；评论者materialism n.物质主义，拜金论；唯物主义radical a.激进的；根本的journalist n.记者participatory a.参与的phase n.阶段phrase n.短语，表达be enrolled in 进入(学校，部队等)private a.私人的privacy n.隐私proper a.恰当的formulation n.公式the attacks on A 对 A 的批评/攻击angle n.角度unimpressive a.令人印象不深刻的extremely ad.非常，极其qu
20、ality n.品质；质量fix vt.固定；修理at an end 结束stir v./n.使激动，激起；搅动；轰动prompt vt.激励；促使，鼓动stirrings and promptings 激励honor vt.尊敬profess vt.承认；公开承认stand vi.存在，表现as usual 和往常一样earnest a.诚挚的，诚实的get on in life 生活return n.回报；回归It is customary of sb to do . sb 习惯于做.check v./n.控制，阻止；检查dishonest a.不诚实的 dishonesty n.deny
21、 v.否认；拒绝给impractical a.不实际的immoral a.不道德的contemptible a.可鄙的vigorously ad.有力地；精力充沛地 vigorous a. vigor n.momentary a.瞬间的，短暂的2001Passage OneL:specialization n.专业化 specialize v.split v.分离，裂开subject matter = subject n.主题a series of 一系列professionalization/professionalisation n.职业化 professionalize v.clear-
22、cut a.清晰的；轮廓鲜明的draw distinction between A and B 区分 A 和 Bamateur n.业余爱好者connotation n.隐含意义 connote v.integrate v.整合；使成一整体 integration n.consequent = resulting a.作为结果的，随之发生的laboratory = lab n.实验室illustrate v.阐明，举例说明；配插图geology n.地质学publications n.出版物in ones own right 就某人自身而言incorporate vt.收入，纳入，结合，合并r
23、eflect on 思考，考虑pursue studies 从事研究entrance n.进入；入口journal n.杂志，报纸reinforce vt.加强；增援introduction n.引入，引进；介绍refereeing n.注明出处供参考national a.全国性的；全国的；国家的；民族的local a.地方性的；地方的；各地的；当地的；局部的readership n.读者群differentiation n.区别under way 起步，开始；在进行中delay v./n.延迟，推延reckon v.认为write of = refer to = mention vt.提到h
24、ardship n.艰辛discrimination n.歧视；区别 discriminate v.the discrimination of A against B A 对 B 的歧视expansion n.扩充；扩张；膨胀 expand v.Passage TwoL:a great deal of 许多(修饰不可数名词)so called = so-called a.所谓的lecture about = talk about vt.谈论looming a.潜在的commercialize vt.商业化universalize = spread = popularize vt.普及defea
25、t vt./n.击败，打败impoverished = poor a.贫穷的impoverish vt.使贫穷；使枯竭get over 克服，战胜outdated a.过时的anti-colonial a.反殖民的with respect to A 关于/对于/至于 Ainvasion n.侵略 invade v.sovereignty n.主权infrastructure n.基础设施infra (前缀) 在下，下面foundation n.基础harbor n.港口port n.港口；港口城市the Dutch 荷兰人colony n.殖民地finance = fund vt.资助matt
26、er n.原因better off 更富裕well off 富裕badly off 经济情况窘迫lie vi.躺；位于wipe out 消灭justify vt.证明.是正当的；为.进行辩护 justification n.W:It is in the interest of sb to do . 做.符合 sb 的利益。It is in the interest of children to limit their access to the Internet. 限制孩子上网符合他们的利益。guard against A 提防 A，警惕 AIt is a phenomenon we must
27、 guard against. 这是我们必须警惕的一种现象。attach importance to A 重视 AMore and more people attach importance to reducing greenhouse gas emission.越来越多的人开始重视减少温室气体排放。be prejudiced against A 歧视 A，对 A 有偏见Many men are prejudiced against women. 很多男性歧视女性。Passage ThreeL:distrust vt./n.不信任journalism n.新闻业credibility n.可信
28、度 credible a.可信的project n.计划，项目sad to say 不幸的是factual a.事实的scratch v./n.抓，挠head-scratching a.令人挠头的，令人费解的puzzlement n.困惑 puzzle vt.in the world = on earth (表示强调语气) 究竟，到底way ad.(强调比较级，无实际含义)plug v.塞入，填入in other words 换句话说story line （故事）情节newsroom n.新闻编辑室backbone n.脊椎；支柱ready-made a.现成的narrative a./n.叙
29、述的；叙述alien a.外国的；不相容的be alien to A 与 A 格格不入，与 A 不同questionnaire n.问卷metropolitan a.大都市的resident n.居民 reside vi. 居住at random 随意；随机live in upscale neighborhoods 住在高档社区maid n.女仆；少女volunteer a./n.志愿的；志愿者define vt.下定义；确定范围/界限broadly defined 范围较广的，广义上的elite n.精英astonish v.震惊inaccuracy n.不精确 inaccurate a.c
30、lash n./v.冲突world view = world outlook 世界观troubled a.有麻烦的，麻烦缠身的；不平静的hire v.雇佣；租用sponsor v./n.赞助；主办symposium n.讨论会，座谈会be dedicated to A 致力于 Aflee vi.逃跑get around to doing 抽出时间/ 找到时间做.complain about/of A 抱怨 A；投诉 Acomplaint n.抱怨；投诉diversity n.多元，多样；多样化 diverse a.outlook n.观点，见解；前景，展望illuminating a.有启发作
31、用的 illuminate v.tendency n.趋势；倾向 tend v.likeliness n.可能性S:In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.换句话说，在新闻编辑室的文化中，有一个惯用的情节，这个情节为新闻提供了支柱和现成的叙述结构，否则，新闻会令人感到很难理解。换句话说，在新闻行业，有一个惯
32、用的报道模式，这个模式为新闻提供了支柱和现成的叙述结构，否则，新闻会令人感到很难理解。Passage FourL:go through 经历merger n.合并，并购，兼并 merge vi.acquisition n.获取，并购 acquire v.hyperactive a.极其活跃hyper (前缀)表示超级，超过，高过emerging a.新兴的；正在出现的unsurpassed a.未被超越的，无与伦比的surpass v.超越might n.力量concentration n.集中，集结multinational a.多国的，跨国的；跨民族的 n.跨国公司affiliate n.
33、分支机构 vt.使加入，使隶属segment n.部分ultimate a.最后的，最终的massive a.大规模的，大的underlie v.位于.之下；是.的基础；引起globalization n.全球化 globalize v.barrier n.障碍meet ones demands/needs/requirements 满足某人的需求/要求detrimental a.有害的scanty a.缺乏的，不足的，稀少的trust n.托拉斯(一种垄断组织)break up 分散，肢解；破碎on the contrary 相反mega 大；百万megamerger n.大规模的合并sup
34、ervise v.监督 supervision n.operate v.发挥作用；操纵，操作resort n.求助；求助的事物/人；能够提供帮助的事物/ 人；常去的地方last resort 最后的手段，最后的希望lend n./v.借，出借lender of last resort 能给予最后帮助的事物/ 人gigantic a.巨大的infringement n.破坏，侵犯，违反 infringe v.take sth on/upon oneself 承担 sthtake in 吸纳；吸收；使上当，欺骗abroad ad./a.国外trade vi.交易surplus a./n.多余的S:
35、Who is going to supervise, regulate and operate as lender of last resort with the gigantic banks that are being created?面对正在被建立的那些超级银行，谁去监督，谁去管理，谁又作为最后帮助的提供者去发挥作用？面对正在被建立的那些超级银行，谁去监督，谁去管理，当普通消费者的利益受到这些垄断集团的侵害，谁又能够给普通消费者提供最后的帮助？Passage FiveL:quit v.放弃full time 全职的 part time 兼职的employment n.工作，职业；雇佣la
36、teral a.侧面的；横向的lateral move 平级调动block v.阻挡，阻碍 n.木块，石块；街区high profile 引人注意的；高姿态的，高调的in the manner of 采用.的方式 /方法disgrace n./v.屈辱；使屈辱minister n.部长，大臣；牧师cover v.掩饰；覆盖；报道exit n.退出；出口curiously ad.奇怪的是；稀奇的是；好奇地term A B 把 A 称作 Btired a.陈旧的，毫无新意的；破旧的；疲劳的excuse n.借口transform v.改变passionate a.充满激情的，热情的 passion
37、 n.philosophy n.哲学；哲学体系；人生观preach v.宣扬；布道，传教She magazine = She 一份女性杂志的名字 settle for A 勉强接受，接受publicize v.宣传；广告resignation n.辞职 resign v.editorship n.编辑职位build up v./n. 逐渐累积/建立/形成doctrine n.教条，学说，观念juggle v.耍戏法；同时做两件以上的事juggle ones life 本文中指试图在成为成功的职业女性的同时，还能享受家庭生活的温馨从容alternative a.选择的，二选一的make the
38、alternative move 做出一个不同的选择downshift v.调低汽车的档速downshifting n.减速；本文中指不再热衷于追求名利，淡泊一点bring A with B = bring with B A 随着 B 带来 A（如果 A 太长，就用第二个短语，语法上称为动宾分割。 ）pressure n./v.压；压力deadline n.截止日期fearful n.可怕的strain n.压力politics n.政治；政治学；斗争，冲突关系；方法，策略；政见，观点office politics 职场争斗，职场厚黑学limitation n.限制；局限性quality ti
39、me 家人之间，尤其是父母与小孩交流、玩耍等此类共同生活的时间materialistic a.拜金主义的，物质化的；唯物主义的well-established 既定的，由来已久的voluntary a.志愿的，自愿的simplicity n.简单；朴素ironically ad.讽刺地；具有讽刺意味的是 ironical a. irony n.breed v.(bred, bred) 产生；哺育a number of = many 许多best-selling a.畅销的 best-seller n.畅销的商品self-help a.自助的simplify v.简化newsletter n.时
40、事通讯，简报tip n.建议；有用的消息recycle v./n.再循环，再利用cling-film n.保鲜膜soap n.肥皂achieve v.实现；达到equivalent n.对等事物；等价事物mass n.快；大量redundancy n.冗余，多余；冗员，多余的人员thrift n.节俭 thrifty a.acquaintance n.认识，结识；了解；熟人people of my acquaintance 我所认识的人seek to do = try to do 试图做，想要做urge v./n.催促；驱策be urged to do 受到(内心的)驱策去做，不得不做myth
41、ical a.神话的；想象的；虚构的risk doing 冒着做.的风险organic a.有机的，绿色的 (未受污染) ；器官的，有机体的；自然的，简单的compel = force = oblige = constrain vt.强迫，迫使step out 走出，离开too . to 太 .而不能 (但 too 前面出现 only，all，词组的否定意义消失，例如 only too eager to do = very eager to do)mold vt. = shape 形成lead sb to do = prompt sb to do = make sb do 使 sb 做.lea
42、d to A 导致 AA characterized by B 有 B 这样一个特点的 Aadventurous a.冒险的 adventure n.S:My experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting“ has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.我在美国人将其称作“淡泊名利”这方面所做的实验，把我那个毫无新意的借口变成了绝对的现实。I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized res
43、ignation from the editorship of She after a build up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life“, and making the alternative move into “downshifting“ brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status.我已经发现，正如凯尔西在积累了很多压力，从“She”杂志的编辑岗位上做出她被广泛报道的辞职之后，很可能也会发
44、现，放弃“工作生活两手都抓”的教条，做一个不同的选择，开始“淡泊名利”，随之带来的回报要比经济上的成功和社会地位要大得多。. there are even support groups for those who want to achieve the mid-90s equivalent of dropping out.对那些想在 90 年代中期做出与（过去人们的）退隐相似行为的人来说，甚至也有一些组织可以给他们提供帮助。A is not so much B as C. 与其说 A 是 B，不如说 A 是 C。For the women of my generation who were u
45、rged to keep juggling through the80s, downshifting in the mid-90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one as a personal recognition of your limitations.对于那些在整个 80 年代不得不“工作生活两手都抓”的与我同龄的女性来说，90 年代中期的“淡泊名利”，与其说是寻找那种虚幻的好生活 自己种有
46、机蔬菜，并且冒着变成一个头脑简单的人的风险 不如说是每个人对对自身局限性的一种承认。W:It never occurred to me that . 我从未想到.It never occurred to me that a big company like yours could make such a mistake. 我从未想到像你们这样的大公司居然也犯这样的错误。hurt ones pride 伤害某人的自尊Being frank may hurt other peoples pride. 直言不讳可能会伤害别人的自尊。be happy to settle for a bit of everything 任何东西只要有一点就能满足，知足常乐Zhuang Zi was a man who was happy to settle for a bit of everything.庄子是个知足常乐的人
