1、unit 12 culture shock period 5 课时作业 （北师大版必修 4）时间：40 分钟.完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 115 各题所给的 A、B 、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项。An Opportunity Disguised(伪装)as a ProblemOne day，I once received a note from Gwen，a youth coach. She learned that Bill，a close friend who coached another team，_ 1_about the age of some of his gy
2、mnasts to increase their chances of winning.She knew her kids would recognize that Bills athletes were in the wrong age division and would be _2_，but she didnt know what to do. She didnt want to _3_Bill as a friend and was afraid that blowing the whistle would ruin her _4_in the closeknit gymnastics
3、 community.Lets start by recognizing that ethical problems come in two forms. Some are problems of discemment(洞察力)，where its difficult to _5_whats right. Others are problems of discipline，where its _6_what should be done but doing so is difficult.Gwens problem fell into the discipline category. Bill
4、s actions were clearly wrong， and she had a responsibility to _7_them. She couldnt let her kids down by looking the other way just because it was _8_to stand up for whats right. As Edmund Burke_9_it， “All that is necessary for evil to triumph(胜利)is for good people to do nothing.”Gwen could confront
5、Bill to give him a chance to fix the problem. If he didnt，she had to _10_him.Yes，this would_11_destroy their friendship，but the gap in their values had already made that inevitable. It was also likely that some colleagues would take Bills _12_. There will always be a split between those who _13_and
6、those who dont.Still， if Gwen was a coach，she was a teacher. Her problem was a great _14_in disguise. Doing the right thing when its personally _15_ is the best possible way to teach moral courage.【语篇解读】 Gwen 意识到教练 Bill 谎报自己队员的年龄，这对其他参赛队太不公平，但 Gwen 又怕失去 Bill 这个朋友，不知如何是好。作者对这类问题进行了剖析。1A.knew BliedCas
7、ked Dquestioned答案 B 由下文信息Bills athletes were in the wrong age division 可知，教练 Bill 谎报队员的年龄。2A.pleased BamazedCupset Dinterested答案 C upset 意为“心烦意乱的，不舒服的” 。其他三个单词感情色彩一致。语意：Gwen 知道，她的队员们知道真相后，会感觉不舒服(认为比赛不公平)。 3A.treat BloseCadmire Dconsider答案 B lose 意为“失去，丧失” 。如果揭发 Bill，Gwen 担心失去这位朋友。4A.reputation Benjo
8、ymentCpurpose Dbusiness答案 A ruin ones reputation 语意：毁掉名誉。语意： Gwen 担心揭发会毁掉自己的名誉。5A.combine BdetermineCchange Darrange答案 B determine 语意 ：(在推理或观察后) 断定，确认，推断；查明，弄清；测定。语意：一类问题是关乎洞察力，其中，很难判定什么是正确的。6A.clear BdoubtfulCsimple Dnormal答案 A 语意：另一类为纪律问题，其中很清楚应该做什么，不过做起来比较难。clear 符合语意。 7A.satisfy BpreventCdrop Ds
9、upport答案 B 语意：Bill 的做法明显是错误的，Gwen 有责任去阻止这种行为。8A.easy BluckyCgood Dhard答案 D Gwen 不能因为伸张正义很难(hard)就让她的孩子们失望。9A.got BmadeCput Dmeant答案 C put 意为“表达，表述” 。as sb. put it“正如某人所说” 。10A.leave BreportCseek Dforget答案 B report 意为“告发，揭发 ”。如果他不改正错误，就揭发他。 11A.merely BhighlyCprobably Dsuddenly答案 C probably 意为“大概，或许”
10、 ，很可能。这可能会破坏他们之间的友谊。12A.decision BplaceCchoice Dside答案 D take ones side 意为“支持某人” 。很可能还会有些同事站在 Bill这边。13A.count BcheatCdefeat Dhelp答案 B cheat 意为“行骗，舞弊” 。作弊者与非作弊者之间总是有分歧的。14A.opportunity BexplanationCchallenge Dcondition答案 A 短文标题 An Opportunity Disguised(伪装)as a Problem 有暗示。Gwen 的问题其实是一个伪装起来的机会。15A.he
11、lpful BcostlyCrewarding Dsensible答案 B costly 意为“代价高的，损失大的” 。在必须付出高额个人代价时做正确的事情，这也许是教会人们拥有坚持正义的勇气的最好方式。.阅读理解AEye contact is a nonverbal technique that helps the speaker“sell” his or her ideas to an audience.Besides its persuasive powers，eye contact helps hold listeners interest.A successful speaker m
12、ust maintain eye contact with an audience.To have good rapport(关系)with listeners，a speaker should maintain direct eye contact for at least 75 percent of the time.Some speakers focus exclusively on their notes.Others gaze over the heads of their listeners.Both are likely to lose audiences interest an
13、d esteem.People who maintain eye contact while speaking，whether from a podium(演讲台)or from across the table，are “regarded not only as exceptionally welldisposed by their target but also as more believable and earnest.”To show the potency of eye contact in daily life，we have only to consider how passe
14、rsby behave when their glances happen to meet on the street.At one extreme are those people who feel obliged to smile when they make eye contact.At the other exteme are those who feel awkward and immediately look away.To make eye contact， it seems，is to make a certain link with someone.Eye contact w
15、ith an audience also lets a speaker know and monitor the listeners.It is，in fact，essential for analyzing an audience during a speech.Visual cues(暗示)from audience members can indicate that a speech is dragging，that the speaker is dwelling on a particular point for too long，or that a particular point
16、requires further explanation.As we have pointed out，visual feedback from listeners should play an important role in shaping a speech as it is delivered.【语篇解读】 本文通过讲话、行路等情形下眼神的交流，告诉读者眼光交流的重要性。读者可从中学到怎样在谈话中运用目光交流。16This passage is mainly concerned with_.Athe importance of eye contactBthe potency of no
17、nverbal techniquesCsuccessful speech deliveryDan effective way to gain visual feedback答案 A 综观全文，作者从各个方面来论述目光交流的重要性：平时交流、行人偶遇、演讲，无一不体现这一点。17According to the passage，a good speaker must_.A “sell” his or her ideas to an audienceBmaintain direct eye contact with listenersCbe very persuasive and believab
18、leDbe exceptionally welldisposed答案 B 文中第一段第三句“.speaker should maintain direct eye contact for at least 75% of the time.”说明 B 项正确。18The word “target” in the last sentence of the first paragraph can best be replaced by_.A “destination” B “goal”C “audience” D “followers”答案 C 文中最后一段讲述了演讲时的情形，演讲的目标“targe
19、t”应是“audience”听众，故选 C。19In daily life，when the glances of two passersby happen to meet，these two persons will inevitably_.Asmile to each otherBfeel awkward and look away immediatelyCtry to make a conversation with each otherDnone of the above答案 D 第二段中“To show the potency of.，.At one extreme are thos
20、e.At the other exteme.”给出了两种极端性的表现，同时也说明了没有一种确定性的反映，而题干中用了 inevitably“不可避免地” ，故答案为 D。20Eye contact with an audience，according to the author，has all the following benefits for the speaker EXCEPT that it doesnt_.Ahelp the speaker to control the audienceBhelp the speaker to gain audiences interest and
21、esteemChelp the speaker to know whether he is talking too much about a certain pointDhelp the speaker to analyze his audience when he is beginning his speech答案 D 第三段第二行“It is，in fact，.during a speech.”其中“during the speech”与 D 答案中“when he is beginning his speech”是不相符的，故选 D。BAlmost no young people tod
22、ay know who the cartoon character Oswald the Rabbit is，but they certainly recognize his successor，Bugs Bunny.Oswald，Bugs ，and hundreds of other characters were created by Walt Disney，perhaps the most famous cartoonist in history.Born in Chicago in 1901 ，Walt Disney always wanted to be an artist.Afte
23、r returning from World War I，in which he drove an ambulance，Disney worked as a commercial artist.He enjoyed drawing cartoons more than anything else，and decided to try his hand at a technology that was new at the time，moving pictures.In the 1920s，he produced several films where he made cartoon chara
24、cters move as if by magic.The technique Disney used was painstaking.He made hundreds or even thousands of repeated drawings of the same character.In each drawing，the character was changed just a bit.A film was taken of the series of drawings，and when it was shown，the characters appeared to move.The
25、process，called animation，is still used today，although computers have made the process much easier.In 1928，Disney created his most famous character，Mortimer Mouse，who we know today as Mickey.The mouse starred in a cartoon called Steamboat Willie，which was unusual because it involved the use of a soun
26、d track.Within the next few years，Disney invented many of his other characters.The list of Disneys animation successes is long and memorable.It includes Pinocchio，Dumbo，Bambi，Cinderella，and Peter Pan.Perhaps his most remarkable animated film is Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.Created in 1937，it was
27、an immediate success.Today，more than fifty years later，it is still one of the most popular films for children.【语篇解读】 Walt Disney，史上最有名的卡通专家，创作卡通人物形象的历程。21What is one of the chief differences between animation today and in Walt Disneys early years?AMore people like animated movies.BFewer people like
28、animated movies.CComputers have made the job easier.DComputers have made the job harder.答案 C 细节理解题。第三段最后一句话“.computers have made the process much easier.”提示了电脑技术的应用使这项工作更简单，而当时全是手绘的。22Which of these words BEST describes Walt Disney?ACreative. BAthletic.CExciting. DQuiet.答案 A 归纳题。文章反复提到 Walt Disney 创
29、作了许多非常受欢迎的卡通人物形象，因此可以用 creative(有创造力或想像力的)来描述。23What makes the film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs so remarkable?AIt was a little success when created.BIt took more than a year to make it.CIt was made at a time when there were no computers.DIt has remained popular for more than fifty years.答案 D 细节理
30、解题。文章最后一句话“Today，more than fifty years later，it is still one of the most popular films for children.”可知， 白雪公主和七个小矮人这部影片是非常受欢迎的。24What does the underlined word “painstaking” in the third paragraph probably mean?ASomething that hurts because it involves hard work.BTaking a long time and involving much
31、 hard work.CRequiring a lot of effort，like running a marathon.DRequiring many fine tools，such as pens and pencils.答案 B 词义猜测题。由下文可知，动画片中的每一个动作都要画出成百上千张几乎相同的形象，所以要花费很长时间，工作量很大。25The secret of animation is to_.Amake drawings that are exactly the same，then film themBchoose names for characters that make people remember themCcombine music，voices，and sound effects with picturesDmake a film of many drawings that change just a little答案 D 推理判断题。通过第三段我们可以得知动作效果是怎样做出来的。
