1、第一节 名词,( )1.Daniel has tried to lose by eating less recently,but two kilos has been put on instead. (2017广东省)A.weight B.weights C.height D.heights ( ) 2.The broken may cut into your hand if you touch it，you should be careful. (2016广东省)A.glass B.glasses C.candle D.candles ( ) 3.Mickey mouse is one of
2、 the most famous in American.(2015广东省)A.symbol；culture B.symbol；culturesC.symbols；culture D.symbols；cultures,C,A,A,真题试练,A,D,( ) 4.Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on _ Day. (2014广东省)A.Woman B.Women C.Womans D.Womens ( ) 5. Mum，Ive heard that we cant eat _ these days
3、.Is it true? Take it easy.It is safe to eat cooked meat. (2013广东省)A.chicken B.chickens C.a chicken D.the chicken,考点解读,名词是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。根据其词汇意义，名词分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。名词在句中主要作主语、宾语，有时也作表语、定语、宾补。名词词义辨析5年3考，可数名词的单复数5年1考 ，不可数名词5年4考，专有名词5年0考，名词所有格5年1考。,一、 名词的数 1.名词的复数变化形式 （1）规则变化形式,Germans
4、,habits,radios,months,kangaroos,monkeys,classes,boxes,watches,dishes,wishes,churches,leaves,thieves,knives,lives,shelves,wives,parties,families,stories,dictionaries,hobbies,babies,toys,boys,days,heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,pianos,kilos,photos,（2）不规则变化形式,men,women,children,mice,feet,teeth,policemen,Engl
5、ishmen,women teachers,men doctors,sheep,fish (fishes表示不同种类的鱼),deer,Chinese,Japanese,trousers,glasses,gloves,shoes,socks,clothes,shorts,vegetables,instructions,congratulations,communications,family,class,team,people,police,(3)部分不可数名词的复数形式表示特殊的意义,眼镜,房间,鸡,鱼,练习,经历,玻璃,空间,鸡肉,鱼肉,锻炼,经验,日光灯,光线,次，倍,时间,橘子,橘子汁,
6、著作，作品,工作,生命,生活,木材,小树林,2. 不可数名词,rice, money, cotton, wood, meat, pork, beef, fruit, food, bamboo, ham, lamb, fish(鱼肉),water, milk, cola, juice, soup, wine, ink, tea, coffee, Coke,knowledge, success, work（工作）, time（时间）, health, advice, happiness, news, trouble, weather, traffic, progress, information,
7、 homework, housework, fun, pollution,二、名词的量,many/a lot of/ lots of apples,only a few good friends.,much/a large amount of/a great deal of,a little food in the fridge,any books,much/a lot of/lots of/plenty of advice on,a piece of cake,three pairs of chopsticks,a bag of rice,four kilos of cotton,三、名词的
8、所有格,名词所有格分为两种,一是有生命的名词所有格在名词词尾加s构成,二是无生命的名词所有格由介词of加名词构成。 1. s所有格的构成,Mikes car,Mothers Day,Charlespen(s),Teachers Day,Nurses Day,three hours walk,Childrens Day,James book(s),Womens Day,at Mr. Whites,at the doctors,Lilys and Lucys rooms,Japans and Americas problems,Lily and Lucys room,Li Lei and Li J
9、uns father,2.s所有格的特殊用法 (1)表示时间或距离 今天的报纸 _ 一公里的旅程 _ (2)表示集体、国家、团体等无生命的名词 世界的人口 _ 中国的宇航员 _,todays newspaper,a kilometers journey,the worlds population,Chinas astronaut(s),3.of所有格的用法（用于无生命的东西） （1）一张我们教室的照片 _(2) 一张中国地图 _(3)这间房子的窗户 _ 4.双重所有格 (1)我父亲的一个朋友 _ (2)大明的几个同学 _(3)我的一个老师 _ （4）玛丽妈妈的一个朋友 _,a picture/
10、photo of our classroom,a map of China,the window of the room,a friend of my fathers,several classmates of Damings,a teacher of mine,a friend of Marys mothers,四、含有名词的词组 1. shake hands with与握手 2. make friends with与交朋友 3. with ones eyes亲眼 4. take notes 做笔记 5. break into pieces打成碎片 6. do morning/eye exe
11、rcises做早/眼保健操 7. the sports meeting运动会 8. the Olympic Games 奥运会 9. congratulations to sb.祝贺某人 10. best wishes to sb.祝好,1. 专有名词的第一个字母必须大写,但其中的虚词,如冠词（a, an和the）、介词（at, in, on）等的第一个字母一般不大写。如：the United States, the United Kingdom,易错点突破,4.集体名词看作整体时,谓语动词应该用单数形式；若看作整体的各个成员时,谓语动词应该用复数形式。 如：His family is a h
12、appy one. 他家庭幸福。 My family are all having dinner at the moment. 此刻我们全家人正在吃晚饭。,2. 抽象名词是不可数名词,但在一些短语或句子中可以作可数名词。 如：have a rest 休息 catch a cold 感冒 have a good time 玩得开心 a great success 巨大的成功 What a big surprise!太惊喜了！,3. 集体名词people（人们）,police（警察）通常用作复数,因此不能说a people, a police,但可以说a person（一个人）,a policem
13、an（一个男警察）。,5.应特别注意由man, woman构成的复合名词的单复数。 如：a man teacher一个男教师two men teachers两个男教师,7.辨析：Chinas astronauts，Chinese astronauts Chinas astronauts中国宇航员（代表中国但不一定是中国人） Chinese astronauts中国宇航员（中国籍宇航员，也可以代表别的国家）,6. a和an不能修饰不可数名词。 （1）不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。如：The milk is sour.这牛奶是酸的。 （2）量词修饰不可数名词时,谓语动词的单复数形式由量词决定。 如：There are two bottles of water on the table.桌子上有两瓶水。 （3）有些名词虽然以s结尾，却表示不可数概念。如：news,grass,physics,politics,8.辨析： a photo of me，a photo of mine a photo of me我的照片（照片里的人是我） a photo of mine = one of my photos我的一张照片（照片里不一定有我）,
