1、专题四 短文填空,一、考纲要求短文填空的考查方式是给一段200词左右的短文,在短文中设10个空,要求考生通读短文,掌握大意,然后补全短文,每空一词。考查学生在词汇、语法和习惯用法等方面的基础知识,以及理解、分析、推导等综合能力。其中所填的单词是中考英语考纲要求掌握的四会单词,主要以实词(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、数词等)为主。名词注意单复数形式,动词注意时态及-ing形式的变化。,题型解读,主要考查以下几个方面的能力: 1.把握上下文的逻辑关系。 2.推测句子的真正含义以及根据生活常识进行判断。 3.逻辑推理能力。 4.对习惯用法和常用搭配的掌握情况。 5.在一定的语境中考查学生的语法知
2、识、词汇和语用知识等。,二、考情分析,20132017年广东省中考“短文填空”考点一览表:,(续表),1.找找固定搭配、习惯用语、固定句型。习惯用法和搭配主要是考查考生对语言知识的熟悉程度和实际运用语言的能力。短文填空题型中经常考查短语及常用搭配,如:句型结构:“not until ”、固定搭配“would like to”、动词短语、介词短语等。因此,初中阶段需要掌握的300个短语是十分重要的。 2.联联系上下文,关注重点词,寻找相同、相似、相反的信息点。利用上下文语境找到正确答案。语境包含三个层次:在同一句前后词中可以找到线索作答;逾越本句层次,在前后句中可以找到线索作答;从其他段落甚至全
3、文角度综合考虑问题。 3.推根据生活常识,结合语法进行推理。依据语法和逻辑关系,判定应填单词在句中充当的成分,是否符合上下文之间的逻辑关系,从而确定所填单词的词性及其正确形式。,解题指导,【解题步骤】 1.通读全文,关注首尾句,确定大意。 2.依据语法和逻辑,确定词形。 3.带入原文,认真审读,检查错误。,阅读下面短文,并借助上下文补充所缺信息。每 个空格只能填写一个形式正确、与短文内容意思相符 的英语单词。把答案写在答题卡指定的位置上。When I was small,my mum used to give the family something special for meals. Sh
4、e once put some burnt bread in front of my dad. my surprise,my dad just took his bread,smiled at my mum and then turned to ask me my day at school was. Ive forgotten what I told him that night,but I do remember watching him put some butter on that bread. He it up as usual.,例题剖析,短文填空。(2017汕头澄海区中考模拟题)
5、,To,71,72,73,how,ate,After dinner,my mum said sorry to my dad for burning the bread. And I will never forget what he said,“ I burnt bread,dear. It doesnt matter at all.” That night,I asked dad if he really liked his bread burnt. He took me in the arms and said,“Your mum worked very all day. Shes rea
6、lly tired. And you see a bit of burnt food neveranyone!”Now I know life is not perfect. Nobody is perfect,either. As for me,I often forget birthdays or some other special .But Ive learned something important over these years. What we really need is the understanding of each other,whether between a a
7、nd wife, a parent and child or just between two friends. This is key to a happy life.So dont get angry if the bread gets burnt. Remember,burnt bread never hurt anyone. Be to those around you and a happier life will surely come closer to you.,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,love/like,hard,hurt,days,husband,the,
8、kind/friendly/thankful,【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一天爸爸下班后,妈妈给爸爸烧焦的面包作为晚餐,爸爸不但不生气,而且全吃完了。晚上睡觉前,我问爸爸真的喜欢那烧焦的面包吗?爸爸的回答让我明白互相理解是通向幸福生活的唯一钥匙,要善待身边的每一个人。 【答案剖析】 71. To 考查固定搭配。to ones surprise意为 “使某人惊讶的是”。 72. how 句意“爸爸转过头问我今天在学校的表现。”how表示“怎么样”。 73. ate eat up 意为“吃完”,考查固定搭配。eat的过去式是 ate。 74. love/like 从下文的“I asked
9、dad if he really liked his bread burnt.”可以推断用love或like,符合文意。 75. Hard work hard“努力工作”,考查固定搭配。,76. hurt 根据下文的“Remember,burnt bread never hurt anyone.”可得知答案为hurt。 77. days 根据句意“对于我来说,我经常会忘记生日或一些特别的日子。”可得知答案。 78. husband 联系上下文,and 表示并列关系。husband是 wife的相对应的词。 可知答案为husband。 79. the key是名词。句意“这是通向幸福生活的钥匙。” 80. kind/friendly/thankful be kind/friendly/thankful to sb.表示“对友好、友善、感激”。由句意“对身边的人友好,更美好的生活将会离你更近。”可得知答案。,