1、Lesson 33,Out of the darkness,darkness n.黑暗,墨色，暗色，深色，邪恶，罪恶,The day breaks 破晓之时， and the darkness falls . 黑夜来临。,in darkness 处于黑暗中 out of darkness 冲出黑暗,darkroom 暗室 darkglasses n. 墨镜,构词：adj+ness ndarkness 黑暗 和它变法一样的还有carefulness 仔细goodness 仁慈carelessness粗心brightness 明亮,1.Have you ever experienced anyth
2、ing dangerous? 2.What did you do to pull yourself through? 3.How did you feel afterwards? （后来）,What can you see by the sea?,shore,shore,rock,v 摇摆;震惊The Presidents murder rocked the nation. 总统遇刺震惊了全球rock the boat 捣乱，搞破坏. rock n. 岩石,礁石;摇滚乐;摇摆 The boat struck a rock. 这艘船触礁了。as firm as a rock 屹立不动的，值得信赖
3、的. on the rocks 触礁，毁坏，破产,cliff,lighthouse,storm,darkness,1.Have you ever been out to sea in a small boat? 2.If you suffer a storm, what will you do?,Story,set out from the coast,was caught instruck was full of jumped into,swam for eight miles saw light in the sea near the shore,woke up a day later,
4、found herself in hospital,New wordsdarkness n.黑暗 shore n.海岸 explain v.解释 coast n.海岸 ahead adv.在前面 cliff n.峭壁 towards 朝向，接近 struggle v.挣扎,Sentence 1,Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her.,pass v. （passed，passed）,vt 经过，通过（考试），超过等。 vi 时间的流逝,past,adj. 以前的，过去的
5、in the past few years prep. 经过，超过 He went past the supermarket .n. 过去，昔时或往事 in the past .,Most of us have _ the exam. You should _ the ball to me. When I _ the shop, I saw a man stealing things. In the _ 2 years, I used to work late. He threw the ball towards a _ boat. Frank is proud of his _experie
6、nce. A month has _ since I left home. I went _ the garden.,passed,pass,passed,past,passing,past,passed,past,explain v. 解释，说明,explain sb sth.=explain sth to sb. It was difficult to explain the problem to you . explain + that 从句 I explained that I didnt lie. explanation eksplnein n. 解释，说明，阐述,be able t
7、o do 强调有能力, 且能够成功(还强调成功)；can 只表示能力 I can swim across the river. 我能游过这条河（但没有游过，不知道能不能成功） I was able to swim across the river. happen to sb. 发生在某人身上,Nearly a week passed before = It has been nearly a week before几乎半小时过去了，才来了一辆公交.Nearly half an hour passed before a bus came.= It has been nearly half an
8、hour before a bus came.,Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her.= It has been nearly a week before the girl could explain what had happened to her.,Sentence 2,One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm.,set out from 从哪
9、里出发set out to 出发去哪里set out = set off = begin a journey 出发set out to do sth. 着手做,set out 出发，动身。 相关短语: set off v. 出发, 解脱, 装饰 set in 嵌入, 开始 set to 动手干, 认真开始干 set back 推迟, 延缓, 使花费 set up 建立, 树立 set forth 陈述, 阐明 set about 开始, 着手,表示方位的介词：to，from，into， out of，for，towards，at，up, downfly fromto从飞到get into（ou
10、t of）从进入/出来leave for 离开前往某地set out for 出发去某地come towards去某地throw sth. at sb 朝某人扔point at sb 指向某人,方位介词与动词的搭配,in front of 在前面,behind 在后面,over在正上方,under 在正下方,above高于，位置高于,below低于，位置低于,beside 在旁边,on接触的表面上,into 进入,out of 向外,Preposition 介词,用于表示方向和目的地的介词和副词：,表示 上，下的两对词是 on /off , up/ down 表示来，去的一对是from /to
11、 表示进去，出来方向的介词是into /out of 表示在某个地方、在里面/外面 可用at ,in, out of 等。 表示目的地或位置往往用at 表示穿过，越过，绕过等动作时，往往用through ,across ,under ,over ,round .,1.He often goes _school _six thirty _ the morning. A.for,to,in B.to,at,in C.to,for,at 2.He arrived _Shanghai_9:30_March5. A.at,in,at B.in,on,at C.in,at,on 3.The doctor
12、worked _ four hours _a rest. A.for,having B.on,without C.for,without,1. B2.C3.C,4.I worked on the problem _ a long time and I worked it out _ myself _ last.A.for,by,at B.in,with,at C.on,by,in 5.A new factory will be set up _ a year.A.for B.in C.before 6. The workers had been _strike _almost a month.
13、 A.on,in B.at,in C.on,for,1.A2.B3.C,Sentence 3,Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea.,be caught 是catch 的被动语态，表示被困于的意思，通常指突然遇上“灾难，困难”等。,昨天我遇到大雨了。 I was caught in the heavy rain yesterday.羊被困在风雪中，全部都死了。 The sheep were caught in a snowstorm , and all of them died . 你刚
14、才是遇到交通堵塞么？ Were you just caught in the traffic jam ?,come across sb. 偶遇上（某人） I think I came across John the other day.,coast n. 海岸,seashore n. 海岸 seaside n. 海边 beach n. 沙滩 bank n. 河岸，坝，堤 Try to read She sells seashells on the seashore.,shore bank coast 深度解析shore ：是这三词中最普遍的一个， 可指湖、海等的岸the western sho
15、re of the Pacific 太平洋西岸bank ：河岸 Some children were playing games on the bank 有些小孩在河岸上嬉戏。coast ：海岸，通常特指与海洋相接的整个一长条陆地；还常与地图、气候及海防有关 China has a very long coast.中国的海岸很长。 coast guard 海岸警卫队,storm n. 暴风(雨),snowstorm n. 暴风雪 thunderstorm n. 雷雨rain heavily 表示雨下得很大 pour p: v. 灌注, 倾泻, 涌入, 流, 倾盆大雨 The rain is p
16、ouring. Its raining cats and dogs.,towards prep. 向, 朝, 接近,to: 强调朝那个方向去, 但没有强调越来越近 towards: nearer and nearer强调越来越近 我们应该朝成功努力。 We have to try hard towards success. 蜗牛朝着葡萄方向爬去。 The snail is moving towards the grapes.他正朝这边走来。 He is walking towards here.,towards & to的区别Suddenly, one of the children kick
17、ed a ball very hard and it went towards / to a passing boat . 上句可知，towards和to都有朝什么方向去的意思，但towards可以表示时间，含义为 “接近” 或 “将近”，而 to 并无此含义 如文中的 towards evening,Recite paragraph 1 in 1 minute,Sentence 4,Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water.,spend cost take pay,spend cost tak
18、e pay 都可以表示“花费”，但用法却不相同。 1) spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：spend time/money on sth. 在上花费时间(金钱)。 spend time/money (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。 2) cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下： sth. costs (sb.) money 某物花了(某人)多少钱。(doing) sth. costs (sb.) time 某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。,3) take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：It takes sb. time to do s
19、th. 做某事花了某人多少时间。Doing sth. takes sb. time 做某事花了某人多少时间。4) pay的基本用法是： pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买 pay for sth. 为某物付钱。 pay for sb.替某人付钱,1.Homework _me half an hour every day. 2.The book _me $20. 3.It _me half an hour to find the boy. 4.It _me $20 to take the train. 5.I _ $20 for her book. 6.I _ $
20、20 on the book.,takes,cost,took,took,pay,spent,7.It _me half an hour to finish it. 8.I _half an hour climbing up tree. 9. How much did you _for the ticket? 10. How much does it _to buy it? 11. How long do you _ doing homework? 12. How much did you _on it?,took,spent,pay,cost,spend,spend,all whole,al
21、l 和whole都是指完整的，一点不缺，一个不少，没有遗漏。但是用法有区别。 whole位于定冠词，物主代词等之后。all the afternoon the whole afternoon all night the whole night all the city the whole city 他们整天都粘在一起。 They stayed together all day/the whole day.,Sentence 5,During that time she covered a distance of eight miles.,during that time 一般过去时的标志词a
22、distance of + 具体距离 a distance of 10 km *1 mile = 1.6093 kilometers,cover a distance of 越过多长距离cover v.覆盖；涵盖 n.盖子；封面 cover sth. with sth. 用什么覆盖 be covered with sth. 被什么覆盖他的床被书覆盖了。 He covered his bed with his books. His bed was covered with books.,Recite paragraph 2 in 1 minute,Sentence 6,Early next mo
23、rning, she saw a light ahead.,the next day-future,以现在为基准， 不加the 以过去、将来为基准, 加the See you next Friday . Mary phoned the next day to tell us that she couldnt come to the party .the other day = a few days ago 几天前 Mary phoned the other day to tell us that she had arrived in London .,the other day-past,ah
24、ead adv. 在前面,空间上的前面 Jack is running ahead of other athletes.时间的提前 (英 lit ) Beijing is ten hours ahead of Paris.搭配：ahead of time 提前ahead of 在之前，超过Go ahead. 请吧。（表示默许）,a开头的词（asleep，awake，alive，ahead，alight）往往是表语形容词，相当于副词，都放在名词的后面（一般形容词放在名词的前面）ahead 的用法： 放在被修饰词的后面作定语, 定语后置 There is a light ahead 前方的灯光 a
25、head of 在前面 He went ahead of me., go ahead 朝前走；请随便(回答请求时用) -Would you mind my using your phone? / Can I use your telephone? -Ok, go ahead.-Can I smoke here? -Go ahead. /Sorry, youd better not.,light n. 灯光,light n. 灯光，光线，灯 Please turn on the light. light tower light v. 点亮，点灯，点火 light a cigarette You
26、light up my life. light adj. 轻的，温柔的=gentlelighter and lighter,Sentence 7,She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs.,cliff n. 峭壁,the cliff edgethe cliff top cliffhanger clifftop,悬崖顶端悬念峭壁顶部悬崖边缘,Sentence 8,On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towar
27、ds the light she had seen.,on(介词）+ doing 一就 通常由as soon as /as 引导的时间状语从句改变而来的，动名词的逻辑主语必须和主句的主语保持一致。,As she heard the news , she began to exclaim. = On hearing the news ,she began to exclaim . As soon as he arrived in Beijing ,he got the mail posted . = On arriving in Beijing ,he got the mail posted .
28、,struggle v. 挣扎,struggle for sth . /to do sth.奋斗，努力，争取 他为了要得第一名而努力奋斗。 He struggled for the first prize . struggle with/against sb. 搏斗，挣扎脱身 他与坏人搏斗。 He struggled with a bad man .,1）争取自由struggle to get freedom. 2）与困难做斗争 struggle against difficulties 3）争取权利struggle for power 4）为了生活挣扎struggle for a livin
29、g 5）冒着暴风雪前行struggle through the snowstorm 6）挣扎着站起来struggle to ones feet,Recite paragraph 3 in 1 minute,Sentence 9 & 10,That was all she remembered. When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.,That was all (that) she remembered.,all 作表语，是先行词, she remember 修饰all 作定语从句, 省略that 那就是我想说的全
30、部。 That was all I wanted to say. 那就是我可以为你做的所有。 That was all I can do for you.,When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.,find +宾语+宾补 发现宾补可以由形容词或介词短语充当我发现书摆放得整齐。 I found the books in good order. 当我醒来时，发现旁边有一条蛇。 When I woke up, I found a snake beside me.,Recite paragraph 4 in 0.5 min
31、ute,Question and Answer,1.Where did the girl set out from one afternoon? 2.Was she in a small boat or a large one? 3.She was caught in a storm, wasnt she? 4.What did her boat strike?,5.Which way did she swim? 6.How long did she spend in the water? 7.How far did she swim? 8.When did she see a light a
32、head of her? 9.How did she know she was near the shore?,1.The passengers went on _(海岸). 2.We just entered the room when a _(暴风雨) came. 3.He _(解释)that he had been cheated. 4.Two people were _(在前面)of us, and travelling fast. 5.The old man has been _(挣扎)with illness. 6.Anew _(医院)is being built in my ho
33、metown. 7.Jean moved _(朝)the door. 8.The room was in complete _(黑暗). 9.It takes much strength to climb up these _(悬崖).,Retelling,weekable to explainhappened one afternoonsmall boatstorm eveningboatrockjumped swamshorewhole nightwater duringdistanceeight miles next morninglight ahead,knewnearlightcliffs on arrivingup the clifflight thatallremembered day laterfoundin hospital,
