1、八年级下册 Unit 6 单元知识梳理Welcome to the unit1. train 为动词，意为“接受训练，培训，训练” ，其名词形式为 training，意为“训练” 。e.g. Your little dog is so clever. How have you trained it?The company can train 5000 employees at once.2. volunteer 为名词，意为 “志愿者 ”。做动词意为“志愿做，义务做” ，volunteer to do sth 意为“志愿做某事” 。e.g. The volunteers for communi
2、ty service are doing a good job.They volunteered to repair the house for the old lady.3. support 为动词，意为“支持 ”，也可作名词，表示“支持，支援” ，另一名词形式为 supporter , 意为“支持者” 。e.g. Our parents are very tired because they have to support our family.This event got the support from local businesses.I am a supporter of the
3、local football team.4. meaningful 为形容词，意为“有意义的” ，其动词形式为 mean，名词形式为 meaning，反义词为meaningless。常见短语为 be meaningful to sb，意为“对某人来说有意义” 。e.g. Many things in my life are meaningful to me.Helping others is very meaningful.5. homeless 为形容词，意为“无家可归的” ，其名词形式为 home。e.g. The earthquake also left 5 million people
4、 homeless.Serve Thanksgiving dinner to the homeless people.6. provide 为动词，意为 “提供，供给 ”。常用于短语 provide sth for sb, 相当于 provide sb with sth，意为“给某人提供某物” 。e.g. It is said that the management will provide food and drinks.They provided some necessary support for the sufferers.=They provided the sufferers wi
5、th some necessary support.Reading1. hope, wish 和 expecthope 作“希望”解，主要用来表示主观上的愿望并对其实现抱有信心。可接不定式（短语）或 that引导的从句，但不可接“宾语+不定式” ，即不定式的复合结构。e.g. We are hoping to see the president who will come to China.I hope that you can tell us the truth.wish 作“但愿，希望”解，表示某种未完成或不能完成的愿望，可接不定式（短语） ，双宾语， “宾语+不定式”的复合结构以及 th
6、at 从句。wish 表示实现愿望的可能性不大或根本不可能时，从句用虚拟语气。e.g. I wish you to go to Beijing with me next year.We wish you success/(to be) happy.I wish (that) I were a millionaire.expect 作 “期待，期望 ”解，侧重于相信或认为有可能实现的愿望。可接名词，不定式（短语） ，不定式的复合结构。e.g. I never expected his coming/help.I expect you to give me a hand.He expected t
7、hat he could get there on time.2. disability 为名词，意为“缺陷，障碍 ”，同根词有：able, disabled, ability.3. chance 为名词，意为 “机会” ，常见短语为 by chance，意为“偶然” ，have a chance to do sth 意为“有机会做某事” 。e.g. Its the chance of a lifetime, you shouldnt miss it.I met him on the street by chance.I havent had a chance to read my lette
8、r.4. similar 作形容词，意为“ 同样的，类似的” ，后跟介词 to 表示“与相像” ；跟 in 表示“在方面相像” 。similar to 短语在句中可用作表语或定语，作定语时可后置。e.g. His views are similar to mine.We have similar taste in music.5. give up 意为“放弃” ，后接名词，代词或动名词。e.g. We had to give up this plan because of the bad weather.My father decided to give up smoking.6. be bo
9、rn 意为“出生” ，be born with 意为“生来就有” 。e.g. He was born with a weak heart.The kid is born with painting talent.7. confident 作形容词，意为“自信的” ，为多音节词，比较级为 more confident，最高级为 most confident，其名词形式为 confidence，常见短语为 be confident about sb，意为“对某人有信心” ，另外，be confident of/about sth 意为“对某事有信心” 。e.g. Your encouragemen
10、t made me more confident of my future.I feel much more confident about myself now.8. feel like 意为 “感觉像（是） ”e.g. They made me feel like one of the family.After being ill, I didnt feel like eating but I managed to force something down.9. closely 作副词，意为“密切地” ，比较级为 more closely, 最高级为 most closely。其形容词形式
11、为close，意为 “亲密的，密切的” 。e.g. The two events are closely connected.10. achieve 作动词，意为“实现” ，其名词形式为 achievement，意为“成就，成绩” 。achieve 一般只用作及物动词，其宾语可以是“实现”的目标，目的等，也可以是“取得”的胜利、成功、名誉、地位等。e.g. There are many who will work hard together to achieve these goals.She achieved no success.Grammar1. It is +adj. +to do s
12、th 的用法引导词 it 作形式主语，代替由不定式或不定式复合结构所表示的真正主语。e.g. Its necessary to read English every morning.2. It is +adj. +of/for sb. to do sth 的用法(1). It is +adj. +of sb. to do sth 结构中的形容词描述不定式的逻辑主语的性格、品质，如 kind, good, nice, right, wrong, clever, careless, polite, foolish 等。e.g. Its very kind of you to help me.Its
13、 clever of you to work out the maths problem.(2). It is +adj. +for sb. to do sth 结构中的形容词仅仅是描述事物或行为，不是对不定式的逻辑主语的品格进行的评价，这类形容词有 difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous, possible 等。e.g. Its very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.Its difficult for us to finish the work.3. have some tro
14、uble (in) doing sth 意为“在做某事方面有困难、有麻烦” 。而表示“在某事方面有困难”时，用短语 have some trouble with sth, 此处 trouble 相当于 difficulty.e.g. He has some trouble learning English well.Whenever we have trouble with our study, our teachers always help us patiently.Integrated skills 1. join, take part in 和 join in(1). join 指加入
15、某党派、组织或社会团体，以及参军等，还可以表示参与某种小型活动。e.g. I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.Will you join us for dinner?(2). take part in 指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等，往往指参加者持有积极的态度，起一定作用，有时与 join in 可互换。e.g. Will you take part in the English evening?We should take an active part in school activities.(3) join in
16、通常指参加某种活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动。e.g. I hope youll all join in the game.Would you join me in walking?2. in this way 意为“通过这种方式”e.g. Each year, hundreds of animals are killed in this way.Study skillsTask1. disease 为名词，意为“疾病” 。e.g. Doctors believe they have cured him of the disease.2. operation 为名词，意为 “手术 ”，以
17、元音因素开头，前边使用不定冠词 an, 其动词形式为 operate, 意为“做手术” ，常见短语为 do/perform an operation on sb. 意为“给某人做手术” 。e.g. My mother will have an operation soon.The doctor did an operation on the little boy last Friday.3. lose ones life, 意为“失去生命，丧生 ”，同义词为 die.e.g. The man lost his life in the war.4. give a helping hand 意思是
18、“帮助，伸出援助之手” 。e.g. They all rushed there to give a helping hand.八年级下册 Unit 6 词汇过关 （词的各类变形，构词，归类等）1 培训，训练 vi n. 20 运动员 n. 2 支持 vt n. 21 教练 n. 3 有意义的 adj. n. v. 22 黄金，金牌 n. adj. 4 瞎的 adj. 23 银，银牌 n. 5来源:gkstk.Com聋的 adj. 24自信的 adj. n. 来源:gkstk.Com6 残疾的 adj. 不能的 25 背景 n. 7 年老的 adj. 26 密切地 adv. 8 无家可归的 ad
19、j. 27来源:gkstk.Com实现，达到 vt. 9 志愿做 v n. 28 奖赏，奖品 n. 10 期待，预料 v. 29 捐献 v. n. 11 成年人 n. 30 慈善机构，慈善 n. 12 智力的 adj. n. 31 机构，组织 n. v. 13 缺陷，障碍 n. 能力 32 血 n. 14 机会 n. 33 西南方 n.adj.adv. 15 大事 n. 34 西北方 n.adj.adv. 16 同样的，类似的 adj. 35 项目，工程，课题 n. 17 必要的 adj. 36 引言，介绍 n. v. 18 任务，工作 n. 37 疾病 n. 19 手术 n. v. 38 幸
20、存者 n. 八年级下册 Unit 6 必背短语No. English Chinese1 the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会2 provide support for sb. 为某人提供支持3 work as a volunteer 做志愿者工作4 the special Olympics World Games 特殊奥林匹克世界运动会5 give up 放弃6 be similar to 与相似7 such as 例如8 spare time 空闲时间9 a great success 一个巨大的成功10 swimming coach 游泳教练11 try ones best
21、尽某人最大的努力12 because of来源:学优高考网 因为13 feel like 感觉像14 achieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想15 keep in touch 保持联系16 lose ones life 失去生命，丧生17 give a helping hand 帮助，伸出援助之手18 include many events 包括许多赛事19 win a gold or silver 获得金牌或银牌20 bring people together 把人们聚拢在一起21 part of one big family 大家庭中的一部分22 have trouble doing sth 在做某事方面有困难23 be ill in hospital 生病住院24 as soon as possible 尽快25 show their skills to 向展示他们的技能26 receive training 接受训练27 be born with intellectual disabilities 天生智障28 feel more confident 觉得更自信29 work closely with 和紧密合作30 in this way 用这种方式
