1、母题五：阅读理解【母题来源】【广东省 2015年中考英语试题】【母题原题】阅读理解It is reported that some developed counties have shipped broken parts of computes to China.Such a thing can be founded every day although it is against international laws. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phon
2、es send from Japan. Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. Dealing with is not an easy job because dangerous poison like mercury(汞)and lead (铅)can be found in them. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be deal with safely. But at present, broken computer parts are
3、usually buried. It may be hundreds of years before they are really goes in the earth. Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong province is one of them. This town is named as”the e-waste capital of the world”. It has to deal with 1.5mllion kilograms of e-waste each year, from
4、which it makes 75 million years. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poison in e-waste find their way into the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers, Greenpeace, an environmental group, has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted. Th
5、e Chinese government wants the country to develop, but in a way that doesn;t do harm to the environment and peoples life. This year,China presents a new protection law, the strictest one we have ever had. Computer complies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. This is
6、because the complies that make computers know best to deal with them safely. Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in near future. 61. The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from_. A.France B.Japan C.Germany D. Australia 来源:学科网62. The underlined word buried probably means _in the
7、 passage. A.焚烧 B.障碍 C.回收 D.掩埋 63. The town of Guiya in Guangdong Province_. A.is the e-capital of the world B.has serious e-waste pollution C. Deals with e-waste safely D.speeds much money on e-waste 64. This year,the Chinese government_. A.tried to change peoples life B.closed some computer complie
8、s C.make a new environment protection law D.asked people to hand in their old computers 65. The passage is mainly about_. A.the way in deal with e-waste B.the cost of burning e-waste C.the e-waste problem in China D.the need to pass a law against e-waste【答案】61.B62.D63.B64.C65.C65.C归纳理解题。根据这篇短文主要描述了中
9、国受电子废料的污染及中国的措施。故选C。考点：环境保护类短文阅读。【命题意图】本题考查了学生阅读理解的能力，并且也了解了保护环境的重要性。【考试方向】考查环境的阅读理解，这类短文与我们的生活非常贴近，是中考常考的题型。【得分要点】这类题以细节理解题为主，同时兼有推理判断题 ，往往考查归纳出文章的中心思想。1.【2015 年襄阳市初中毕业生学业水平模拟考试英语试题】阅读下面三篇材料，根据材料内容从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。Imagine one day, the water taps(水龙头) in your house stop running. You hav
10、e to buy water from shops. And still there isnt enough for everyone. Your mother has to save the familys shower water to do other things. Would you be able to stand that kind of life?Probably not. But thats what kids in Yemen are experiencing. Experts said Yemen is going to be the first country in t
11、he world to run out of water. According to a report, the capital, Sana, will run out of drinking water as early as 2025.Because of the shortage, the government often cuts the water supply(供应). Hannan, an 18-year-old from Lahej, told Times: “In a good week well have a water supply all week. But then
12、the following week there will be water only for a day or two.”Hannan said only rich people have enough water to use. They can buy water from the shops or from the water trucks. Private companies own the trucks. They travel around the city every day to sell waterat very high prices. “A lot of people
13、cant afford it,” she said.The average (平均) person in Yemen uses 100 to 200 cubic（立方）meters of water per year. That is far below the international water poverty(贫困) line of 1,000 cubic meters.The government is thinking of making use of seawater. But it will cost a lot and it may not happen soon enoug
14、h to help the people of Yemen.56. _ is the name of the capital city of Yemen.A. Sana B. Lahej C. Hannan D. Times57. A report shows that Sana will have _ as early as 2025.A. enough drinking water to use B. no drinking water to useC. no private companies D. more water pollution58. What does the underl
15、ined word “shortage” in the third paragraph mean in Chinese?A. 充足 B. 短缺 C. 干旱 D. 需求59. We can infer(推断) from the passage that _.A. the poor dont have to worry about the water supplyB. the 18-year-old boy is from a poor familyC. private companies make a lot of moneyD. Lahej is a beautiful place60. Wh
16、ich of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?A. How to Save Water B. How to Make Use of SeawaterC. How People Use Water Fully D. Yemen is Facing Serious Water Shortage2.【江苏省南菁高级中学 2015届九年级模拟考试英语试题】阅读理解Which part of the world has the most nearsighted students? Just look around
17、 you its East Asia. Nine in ten school leavers in major East Asian cities are nearsighted, according to the BBC. Experts say books and video games are not to blame (责备). East Asian students, they say, arent getting enough sunlight.People become nearsighted because their eyeballs grow out of shape an
18、d light entering their eyes cannot focus correctly. The body can produce a chemical called dopamine (多巴胺) to stop eyeballs from changing shape. And guess what scientists have just discovered? Sunlight can help our bodies produce more dopamine, reported AFP.According to the study, primary school stud
19、ents in Singapore spend only 30 minutes outdoors every day; in Australia, by contrast (相反), kids spend about three hours a day outside. As a result, fewer children in Australia are nearsighted only 10 percent, compared with 90 percent in Singapore.“Children in East Asia just go to school, go home an
20、d stay inside. They study and they watch television,” Ian Morgan of the Australian National University told AFP. But being a bookworm or a couch potato does not directly harm the eyes, added Morgan. “As long as they get outside, it doesnt seem to matter how much study they do,” he explained. “There
21、are some kids who study hard and get outside and play hard and they are generally fine. The ones who are at major risk are the ones who study hard and dont get outside. As a result of massive (巨大的) educational pressures and the construction (构成) of a childs day, the amount of time they spend outside
22、 in bright light is minimized.” Experts suggest children should stay outside for two to three hours every day. This can include time spent in the playground and walking to and from school. 34. What is the main reason for the large number of nearsighted students in East Asia? A. Too much reading or g
23、aming. B. Being short of sunlight. C. Genetic (基因) reasons. D. Being short of exercise. 35.How long do experts suggest children stay outside every week?A. Two to three hours. B. Fourteen to twenty-one hours.C. Two to three days. D. Over twenty-one hours.36. In the writers opinion, why cant East Asia
24、n students get enough bright light? A. Because they dont like sports. B. Because their parents dont allow them to. C. Because they have great pressures from study. D. Because they spend more time playing video games. 37. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Dopamin
25、e is a chemical that causes eyeballs to grow out of shape. B. Dopamine can stop light entering the eyes from focusing correctly. C. Spending time in the sun can make the loss of dopamine in the body. D. The more dopamine a person has in their body, the better eyesight he or she has. 3.【湖南省耒阳市冠湘中学 20
26、15 届九年级模拟考试英语试题】阅读理解Its important to learn things about protecting environment. Heres a 4Rs rule for us.ReduceIf you want to reduce waste, you should use things wisely (明智的). A large number of trees are being cut down to make paper. If everyone uses paper carelessly and then throws it away, soon we
27、would not have any trees left. Some other things are also being wasted, and people dont know what to do with waste in big cities, so its necessary to reduce waste.ReuseYou should always think of reusing the usable (可用的) things before throwing them away. Give your clothes or things you dont use to th
28、e poor. In a family, you may pass such clothes on to your younger brothers or sisters.Recycle来源:Zxxk.ComBottles, cans and paper can easily be recycled. By doing so we save lots of time and money, for example, cola cans are sent to a factory, where theyre smashed flat（压平）and smelted (熔化), and the met
29、al things are made into new cola cans.RepairIf one of the legs of your table is broken, you can repair it. If you want to change for better ones, its better for you to sell the old ones or give them to other people who can use them after doing some repair.根据短文内容，选择正确答案。56.The “Reduce” rule mainly re
30、quires us _.A.to use things wisely B.to cut down many treesC.to use paper carelessly D.to use more and more things57.Whats the right order of recycling cola cans?a.smash them flat b.collect the used cansc.smelt them d.send them to a factoryA.a-b-c-d B.d-c-b-a C.b-d-a-c D.b-d-c-a58.The “Reuse” rule m
31、ainly requires us _.A.to throw away the old clothesB.to collect waste paper and soft drink cansC.to use both sides of paperD.to give the old but usable things to the poor59.Which sentence is about the “Repair” rule?来源:学。科。网 Z。X。X。KA.When you leave a room, turn off the lights.B.Take a cloth bag when you go shopping.C.Dont use plastic bags.D.If your chair is broken, you can repair it.60.Which is the best title for this passage?A.A 4Rs Rule B.Protect the EnvironmentC.Save Energy D.Good Habits
