1、2014-2015 学年北师大版选修 8 Unit 23 Conflict 第 2 课时作业.语法填空，单句训练1Every one has his _(strong) as well as weaknesses.答案：strengths strength 此处意为“ 优点，长处”。2(2015天津五区县高三期末改编)When the streets are full of melting snow, you cant help but _(get) your shoes wet.答案：get 考查 cant help but.结构。cant help but 后常跟的不带 to 的不定式，表
2、示“不得不，不能不 ”。3(2015抚州高三适应性测试改编)As neither of us would give_， the bargain came to nothing.答案：in 考查动词短语。句意：由于双方都不让步，协商最终没有结果。 give in“投降，屈服，让步” ，符合句意。4(2015安徽重点中学高三检测改编)I was just talking to my old friend when Mary cut_.答案：in 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我正在与老朋友谈话，这时玛丽插话了。cut in“插话”，符合句意。5(2015天津南开中学高三月考改编)The girl sel
3、dom, if _， turned to her brother for protection.答案：ever 考查 if 构成的短语。句意：这个女孩很少向她的哥哥寻求保护。if ever“如果曾经有的话” 。if ever 经常与 seldom 连用，表示“ 很少”。6The Chinese government has passed a new regulation forbidding supermarkets and stores to give _ free plastic bags to shoppers to protect the environment.答案：out give
4、 out 意为“分发；用完” ，此处表示 “发放免费的塑料袋”。7There is too much in the British Museum for us to take _ at one go.答案： in take in 意为“吸收；理解”。句意：大英博物馆里有太多的东西，我们去一次是学不完的。8(2015辽宁盘锦第二高级中学第二次阶段考试改编)Although he is over 65, Mr. Smith has never been tired. Hes a man full of _.答案：energy 考查名词。句意：虽然斯密斯先生超过六十五岁了，但是他从来不觉得累。他是一
5、个精力充沛的人。energy“精力；能量”，符合句意。9He_(complain) to me about the bad weather he had while traveling there, from which I guessed that he must have had a very unpleasant journey.答案：complained complain 意为“抱怨” ，complain to sb. about sth.意为“向某人抱怨某事”，符合句意。10My deskmate has made _ his goal to go to Beijing Univer
6、sity.No wonder he has been working so hard.答案：it 根据句意看出，make 的宾语为“ 上北京大学 ”，所以应选 it 作形式宾语。.语法填空，篇章训练阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)与括号内单词的正确形式。Mary：I _1_(tell) that youve just been back from the USA.Will you tell me something about _2_ the students there spend their summer vacation?Jack：OK, In the United S
7、tates, summer is the season of swimming pools, barbecues, camping and road trips.Road trip vacations are _3_(particular) popular with college students, and _4_ like to explore the country on wheels._5_ best part about car trips is that you can stop and explore if you are _6_(interest) in things you
8、see along the way. And you dont have to plan _7_ advance.You can just get into a car and drive.Mary：What about the expense?Jack: Even with high gas prices, driving with friends is _8_(cheap) than flying.Mary：But what can one do _9_ he or she doesnt have a car?Jack：Though many college students dont o
9、wn a car, most have access to one. I once used a _10_(borrow) car traveling from New York to New Orleans.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：1.am told 2.how 3.particularly 4.they 5.The 6interested 7.in 8.cheaper 9.if 10.borrowed.完形填空(2015江西九江一中调研 )Socialization is the way in which children and a
10、dults learn from others. We begin learning from others during the early days of life; and most people continue their social learning all through life _1_ some mental or physical disability slows or stops the learning _2_. Sometimes the learning is _3_， as when we learn a new sport, art or musical te
11、chnique from a friend. At other times, social learning is _4_， as when we learn not to drive too fast by receiving a large fine for _5_.Positive socialization is the type of social learning that is based on pleasurable and _6_ experiences. We tend to like the people who fill our socialization with _
12、7_， loving care, and rewarding opportunities. Negative socialization _8_ when others use punishment, harsh criticisms or anger to try to“_9_ us a lesson”； and often we come to dislike both negative socialization and the people who _10_ it on us. There are all types of mixes of positive and negative
13、socialization; and the more positive social learning experiences we have, the happier we tend to beespecially if we learn useful information that helps us deal with the _11_ of life.Our _12_ socialization helps explain a majority of who we are at presentwhat we think and feel, where we plan to go in
14、 life. But we are not _13_ by the things given to us by those learning experiences; we can take all our _14_days and guide our future social learning in directions that we _15_. The more that we know about the socialization procedure, the more effective we can be in _16_ our future learning in the w
15、ays that will help us most. Because we were not able to _17_ our parents, and we were not able to _18_ much of the first 10 or 20 years of our socialization. However, most people learn to _19_their own socialization as they gain experience in life. It takes special skills to steer (掌舵) our own socia
16、lization, and many of us _20_ some of those skills naturally as we go through life but others may need to take some courses for those skills.语篇解读：社会化是人与人之间相互学习的过程。文章从积极的和消极的角度分别对社会化进行了阐述，引领人们树立正确的社会化进程的学习观念。1A.if BsinceCunless Dwhile答案：C 根据此空前的“and most people continue their social learning all thro
17、ugh life”和空后的“some mental or physical disability”可知此处前面提到大部分人一生会持续他们的社会学习，而后面提及了精神或生理疾病，前后语义上是条件关系，故 C 项正确。2A.process BmethodsCprogress Dperiod答案：A process 意为“ 过程 ”；method 意为“方法”；progress 意为“ 进步”；period意为“一段时间，周期 ”。根据此空前的 slows or stops the learning 可知此处表示减慢或者停止学习过程，故 A 项正确。3A.tiresome BfunCburden D
18、effortless答案：B tiresome 意为“令人厌倦的，讨厌的”；fun 意为“ 有趣的，令人愉快的”；burden 意为“ 负担”；effortless 意为“容易的，应付自如的”。结合下文，该段最后一句提及的是社会学习的另一种情况，抓住其中“a large fine(惩罚，罚款)” 可知此处指社会学习中令人愉悦的一面，故 B 项正确。4A.worthwhile BboringCvaluable Dpainful答案：D worthwhile 意为 “值得做的”；boring 意为 “令人讨厌的”；valuable 意为“贵重的，宝贵的 ”；painful 意为“痛苦的”。根据此空
19、前的“At other times”可知此处指社会学习中令人痛苦的一面，故 D 项正确。5A.speeding BdrunkdrivingCcasualparking Doverload答案：A speeding 意为“超速行驶”；drunkdriving 意为“酒后驾驶” ；casualparking 意为“随意乱停”；overload 意为“超载”。根据此空前的提示“driver too fast”可知 A 项正确。6A.practical BexcitingCpersonal Dbeneficial答案：B practical 意为“实际的”；exciting 意为“ 令人兴奋的” ；“
20、令人愉快的”；personal 意为“亲自的”；beneficial 意为“有利的”。前后由 and 连接，填入的词应该与形容词 pleasurable“令人愉快的”意思相近，由此确定 B 项正确。7A.motivation BconversationCinformation Dconclusion答案：A motivation 为“动力，积极性” ；conservation 意为“谈话，会话” ；information 意为“ 信息”；conclusion 意为“ 结论”。根据语境“我们倾向于喜欢那些将社会化充满动力、关怀以及有回报的人”可知 A 项正确。8A.occurs BfailsCs
21、uffers Denters答案：A occur 意为“发生，出现”；fail 意为“失败 ”；suffer 意为“遭受”；enter 意为“进入”。根据此空后的 “when others use punishment，harsh criticisms or anger to try to.”可知此处 A 项正确。9A.tell BprepareCdraw Dteach答案：D 与 lesson 搭配，动词用 teach，teach sb.a lesson“教训某人”，固定结构。10A.cheat BtestCforce Drequest答案：C cheat 意为“欺骗”；test 意为“ 测
22、试”；force 意为“ 强迫”；request 意为“要求，请求”。与后面的介词 on 搭配，动词用 force。force sth.on sb.意为“ 将某事强加于某人”，固定搭配。11A.opportunities BconditionsCchallenges Dpleasures答案：C opportunities 意为“机会” ；conditions 意为“ 情况”；challenges 意为“挑战”；pleasures 意为 “愉快，乐事”。根据此空前的动词短语 deal with，再结合文意可知 C 项正确。12A.previous BcurrentCpositive Dnega
23、tive答案：A previous 意为“以前的”；current 意为“当前的，流行的”；positive 意为“积极的”；negative 意为“否定的”，根据语境可知，之前的社会化帮助解释现在的我们，故 A 项正确。13A.surprised BlimitedCshaped Daffected答案：B be surprised by 意为“惊讶于”；be limited by 意为“ 局限于”；be shaped by 意为“由 塑造” ；be affected by 意为“被影响” 。根据语境可知，我们并不会被那些学习经历给予我们的东西所束缚，故 B 项正确。14A.happy Bhe
24、althyCremaining Dpast答案：C happy 意为“ 高兴的” ；healthy 意为“健康的” ；remaining 意为“剩下的，剩余的”；past 意为“ 过去的”。此处涉及 and 连接的并列结构，根据此空后的 days and guide our future.可知此处指我们的余生，因此 C 项正确。15A.doubt BloseCabandon Dvalue答案：D doubt 意为“ 怀疑 ”；lose 意为“丢失”；abandon 意为“抛弃”；value 意为“重视”。根据句意可知，此处指朝着我们认为有价值的方向引领我们未来的社会学习，故 D 项正确。16A
25、.directing BdescribingCdamaging Ddiscovering答案：A direct“ 管理，指导 ”；describe“描绘，描述”；damage“损害”；discover“发现 ”。根据上一句中 guide our future social learning 可知此处填入的词和guide 意思相近，故 A 项正确。17A.socialize BselectCsupport Dblame答案：B socialize 意为“使社会化” ；select 意为“选择” ；support 意为“支持”；blame 意为“责备 ”。根据句意可知，我们不能“选择”父母，故 B
26、 项正确。18A.enjoy BresistCrepeat Dcontrol答案：D enjoy 意为“ 享受 ”；resist 意为“抵制，抵抗”；repeat 意为“重复”；control 意为“控制”。根据语境可知此处指我们不能控制社会化进程的头 10 年或者 20 年，故 D 项正确。19A.influence BquitCcontinue Dbreak答案：A influence“影响 ”；quit“放弃”；continue“持续”；break“打破”。此处是上一句语义上的转折，上一句是不能控制，此处指“影响” 自己的社会化，故 A 项符合语境。20A.put up Bpick up
27、Cmake up Dturn up答案：B put up 意为“张贴；提出”；pick up 意为“ 捡起；习得”；make up 意为“组成；编造；化妆 ”；turn up 意为“ 调大；出现”。与名词 skill 搭配，结合短文内容可知此处表示“ 自然地习得这些技能 ”，故 B 项正确。.阅读理解(2015临沂高三二模 )There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy traffic. At pre
28、sent, we realize that although these are the areas with the worst air pollution, the problem is really worldwide. On Several occasions over the past decade, a heavy cloud of air pollution has covered the east of the United States and brought health warnings in distant areas away from any industrial
29、cities. In fact, the very climate of the entire earth may be infected by air pollution. Some scientists consider that the increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the air resulting in a “greenhouse effect”keeping heat reflected from the view is correct and the worlds average temperature. If thi
30、s view is correct and the worlds temperature is raised only a few degrees, much of the polar ice cap will melt and cities such as New York, Boston, Miami, and New Orleans will be in water.Another view, less widely held, is that increasing particular matter in the atmosphere is blocking sunlight and
31、lowering the earths temperaturea result that would be equally disastrous. A drop of just a few degrees could create something close to a new ice age, and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top farming areas. Today we do not know for sure that either of these conditions wil
32、l happen. Perhaps, if we are lucky enough, the two tendencies will offset each other and the worlds temperature will stay about the same as it is now. Driven by economic profits, people ignore the damage on our environment caused by the “advanced civilization”. Maybe the air pollution is the price t
33、he human beings have to pay for their development. But is it really worthwhile?语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了空气污染可能会给人类造成的影响。人类社会的进步不应该以牺牲环境作为代价。1People used to think that air pollution _.Acaused widespread damage in the countrysideBaffected the entire eastern half of the United StatesChad a very bad effect on
34、 healthDexisted merely in urban and industrial areas答案：D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“There was one thought that air pollution affected only the area immediately around large cities with factories and heavy traffic.”可知，人们过去认为空气污染只存在于工厂林立的工业区和交通拥挤的大城市当中。故答案选 D。2As to the greenhouse effect, the author _.Ashares t
35、he same view with the scientistsBis uncertain of its occurrenceCrejects it as being ungroundedDthinks that it will destroy the world soon答案：B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“If this view is correct and.”可知，作者并不确定这种观点(来自化石燃料燃烧的二氧化碳会导致温室效应，使全球变暖)是否正确。故答案选 B。3The underlined word “offset” in the second paragraph coul
36、d be replaced by _.AcounteractBbreak fromCget alongDcommunicate答案：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的句子及其前一句可知识， 我们不知道这两种可能情况(全球变暖和全球变冷)中的哪种会发生，如果我们足够幸运的话，这两种现象会相互抵消中和，温度依然会保持不变。因此，offset 应为“ 补偿，抵消”之意，故答案选 A。4. If the worlds temperature lowered just a few degrees _.Ait would not do much harm to life on earthBit would
37、lead major farming areas to disasterCparticular things would increase greatly in the atmosphereDseas and oceans would flood many cities答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“A drop of just a few degrees could. and would make agriculture difficult or impossible in many of our top farming areas.”可知，温度降低几度的话，就会出现类似冰川时代的现象，农业将会变得很困难甚至是不可能了。故答案选 B。5This passage is primarily about_.Athe greenhouse effectBthe burning of fossil fuelsCthe potential effect of air pollutionDthe possibility of new ice age答案：C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了空气污染可能会给我们造成的影响。故答案选 C。
