1、通信与电子信息科技英语Scientific English on Communications and Electronic Information张敏瑞 张红 编著 August 2007 北京邮电大学出版社,2018/12/17,1,目 录,Unit 1 Random Processes补充学习资料1 Unit 2 Channel Capacity Unit 3 Pulse Code Modulation Fundamentals Unit 4 Fundamentals of Channel Coding Unit 5 Modulation Unit 6 Speech Coding Uni
2、t 7 Digital Image Processing 补充学习资料2 Unit 8 Introduction to MATLAB,2018/12/17,2,Unit 9 Implementation of DSP Systems Unit 10 Characteristics of Data Transmission Circuits Unit 11 Microwave Radio Transmission Unit 12 Fiber Optic Unit 13 Mobile Wireless Unit 14 ATM Unit 15 Internet Unit 16 Network Man
3、agement Unit 17 Security of Mobile and Wireless Networks Unit 18 Abstract 补充学习资料3,2018/12/17,3,Unit 1 Random Processes,NEW WORDS PHRASES NOTES EXERCISES,Back,2018/12/17,4,NEW WORDS,Unit 1,2018/12/17,5,Unit 1,2018/12/17,6,Unit 1,2018/12/17,7,Back,Unit 1,2018/12/17,8,PHRASES,random process 随机过程 on the
4、 average 平均, 按平均数计算; 一般地说 make measurement 量度 sample function 样本函数 statistical average 统计平均(值) probability density function 概率密度函数 statistical characteristic 统计特性 autocorrelation function 自相关函数,Unit 1,2018/12/17,9,in connection with 关于 ，与有关 physical significance 物理意义 Fourier transform 傅里叶变换 power sp
5、ectral density 功率谱密度 be at liberty to (do) 被允许; 可随意 gaussian process 高斯过程 physical fact 外界存在的事实 upper-frequency limit 频率上限 fall off 下降, 减少,Unit 1,2018/12/17,10,Back,in the limit 在极限情况下delta function 函数，狄垃克函数random pulse 随机（杂乱）脉冲time invariant 时不变的Parsevals theorem 巴塞瓦尔定理statistically independent 统计独
6、立successive pulse 连续脉冲be representative of 表示，代表，代表的特征,Unit 1,2018/12/17,11,NOTES,1 Thus, we would expect that a single die would yield a particular outcome, on the average, of 1 time out of 6. Similarly, with many dice we would expect that 1/6 of the dice tossed would yield a particular outcome. 因此
7、我们会预期平均掷6次骰子会有一次得到特定的结果。类似地，当掷很多骰子时有1/6的骰子会得到特定的结果。 out of (from among) 从中。如：five out of six votes 六人中有五人投票 on the average 平均, 按平均数计算; 一般地说,Unit 1,2018/12/17,12,2 Throughout this text we shall assume that the random processes with which we shall have occasion to deal are ergodic .在整个课文中我们假定要研究的随机过程都
8、是各态历经过程。 occasion n. 场合, 时机, 机会have occasion 有的理由； 有必要have no occasion 没有的理由；没有必要 deal v. 论及，论述a book that deals with the Middle Ages. 一本讨论中世纪时候的书 random process：随机过程。这是通信与电子信息类专业的一门重要理论基础课，其它有关课程的英文名称请参阅本课课后补充学习资料1。,Unit 1,2018/12/17,13,3 Hence, if we should select some sample function, a knowledge
9、 of the value of at time would be of no assistance in improving our ability to predict the value attained by that same sample function at time .所以如果我们选定某样本函数，则它在时刻的值并不能帮助我们预测相同样本函数在 时刻的值。some adj.某一，任一. 例如: He went to some place in Africa. 他到非洲某地去knowledge of n. 对的认识,Unit 1,2018/12/17,14,4 Such nois
10、e is referred to as “white“ noise in analogy with the consideration that white light is a combination of all colors, that is, colors of all frequencies.这种噪声称为“白”噪声，类似于白光是所有颜色光即所有频率有色光的混合。analogy n. 类似, 类推. 例如：in a rough analogy 大致，类似地,Unit 1,2018/12/17,15,5 The pulses are of the same form but have r
11、andom amplitudes and statistically independent random times of occurrence.,这些脉冲形状相同，但具有随机幅度并且出现次数随机、统计独立。,Back,Unit 1,2018/12/17,16,EXERCISES,. Please translate the following words and phrases into Chinese.,1. sample function样本函数 2. ensemble average 总体均值 3. physical significance物理意义 4. a Fourier tra
12、nsform pair傅立叶变换对 5. deterministic waveform 确定性波型,6. in the limit 在极限情况下 7. time invariant 时不变的 8. an upper-frequency limit频率上限 9. Parsevals theorem巴塞瓦尔定理 10. random pulses 随机脉冲,Unit 1,2018/12/17,17,. Please translate the following words and phrases into English.,1. 随机过程random process 2. 统计平均 statis
13、tical average 3. 随机变量 random variable 4. 自相关函数autocorrelation function 5. 傅里叶变换 Fourier transform 6. 功率谱密度 power spectral density 7. 概率密度函数probability density function,8. 高斯过程 gaussian process 9. 平稳过程 a stationary process 10. 统计独立statistically independent 11. 时间平均(值)time average 12. 统计特性statistical
14、characteristic 13. 各态历经过程ergodic process 14. 函数(狄垃克函数) delta function,Unit 1,2018/12/17,18,. Fill in the blanks with the missing word(s).,1. The ensemble averages will be identical _ the statistical averages and may be represented by the same symbols. with 2. The averages determined by measurements
15、a single sample function _ successive times will yield a time average, which we represent as . on, at,Unit 1,2018/12/17,19,3. Suppose, for example, that the statistical characteristics of the sample functions _ the ensemble were changing with time. in 4. For it may happen that while each sample func
16、tion is stationary the individual sample functions may differ statistically _ one another. from 5. As an extension of that result we shall define the power spectral density of a random process _ the same way. in,Unit 1,2018/12/17,20,6. It is _ interest to inquire whether defined _ Eq. (2) for a rand
17、om process has a physical significance which corresponds to the physical significance of for deterministic waveforms. of , in 7. Correspondingly, we state, without proof, that when is defined _ a random process, as in Eq. (2), _ the transform of , then has the significance that. for , as,Unit 1,2018
18、/12/17,21,8. Hence, if we should select some sample function, a knowledge of the value of at time t would be no assistance _ improving our ability to predict the value attained by that same sample function at time . of , in 9. Whenever we make an observation or measurement of the pulse waveform whic
19、h extends over a duration long enough so that the average observed pulse shape, such as their amplitudes, widths, and spacings are representative of the waveform generally, we shall find that Eq. (1.12) applies. over,Unit 1,2018/12/17,22,10. Let us select a section of this waveform which extends _-T
20、/2_ T/2. from, to 11. Since we have assumed an ergodic process, we are at liberty to _ (perform, performing) the averaging _ any sample function of the ensemble, since every sample function will yield the same result. perform, over,Unit 1,2018/12/17,23,. Answer the following questions according to t
21、he text.,1. Please describe the relationship between the ergodic process and the stationary process. An ergodic process is stationary, but a stationary process is not necessarily ergodic. 2. What are random pulses? The random pulses are of the same form but have random amplitudes and statistically i
22、ndependent random times of occurrence.,Unit 1,2018/12/17,24,3. What is the relationship between the power spectral density and the autocorrelation function ? The power spectral density and the autocorrelation function constitute a Fourier transform pair. 4. What is referred to as ergodic? When the n
23、ature of a random process is such that ensemble and time averages are identical, the process is referred to as ergodic.,Unit 1,2018/12/17,25,5. What is white noise? Why do we call it “white“? White noise has a power spectral density which is uniform over all frequencies. Such noise is referred to as
24、 “white“ noise in analogy with the consideration that white light is a combination of all colors, that is, colors of all frequencies.,Back,Unit 1,2018/12/17,26, Reading Random Variables,New Words and Phrases Questions,Unit 1,Back,2018/12/17,27,New Words and Phrases,signify vt. 表示, 意味 misnomer n. 误称;
25、 使用不当的名称 identification n. 识别,辨别 discrete adj. 离散的 distinct adj. 独特的; 性质或种类不同的 bullet n. 子弹 wind current n. 风流,气流 mark n. 测标, 标志,Unit 1,Back,2018/12/17,28,1. What is a random variable? The random variable is used to signify a rule by which a real number is assigned to each possible outcome of an exp
26、eriment. 2. What is a discrete random variable? If in any finite interval X ( ) assumes only a finite number of distinct values, then the random variable is discrete.,Questions,Unit 1,2018/12/17,29,3. What is a continuous random variable? If, however, X ( ) can assume any value within an interval, t
27、he random variable is continuous. 4. Suppose denotes the possible outcomes of an experiment, please give an example that is not a number. For example, the experiment might consist of running a horse race where the outcome of interest is the name of the winner. The symbols might then be the names of
28、the horses.,Back,Unit 1,30,补充学习资料1,相关专业部分大学课程英文名称,Back,2018/12/17,31,Philosophy 哲学 Political Economics 政治经济学 Principle of Marxism 马克思主义原理 History of Chinese Revolution 中国革命史 History of the Chinese Communist Party 中共党史 College English 大学英语 Specialized English 专业英语 College Physics 大学物理 General Physics
29、 普通物理 Experiment of College Physics 物理实验,补充一,2018/12/17,32,Advanced Mathematics 高等数学Linear Algebra 线性代数Discrete Mathematics 离散数学Matrix Theory 矩阵(理)论Probability Theory 概率论Engineering Mathematics 工程数学Function of Complex Variable 复变函数Computational Method 计算方法Equation of Mathematical Physics 数理方程Integra
30、l Transformation 积分变换,补充一,2018/12/17,33,Vector Analysis 矢量分析Field Theory 场论Random Process（or：Stochastic Process） 随机过程Basic Application of Computer 计算机应用基础Programming with C Language C语言编程Principle of Microcomputer 微机原理Electronic Circuit 电子线路Analogue Electronic Technology Basis 模拟电子技术基础High Frequency
31、 Electronic Technology 高频电子技术Low Frequency Electronic Technology 低频电子技术,补充一,2018/12/17,34,Radio Technology Basis 无线电基础 Signal & Linear System 信号与线性系统 Principle of Communication 通信原理 Digital Communication 数字通信 Principle of Communication System 通信系统原理 Spread Spectrum Communication System 扩频通信系统 Digita
32、l Mobile Communication 数字移动通信 Digital Satellite Communication 数字卫星通信 Microwave Communication 微波通信 Mobile Communication 移动通信,补充一,2018/12/17,35,Satellite Communication 卫星通信Fiber Optical Communication 光纤通信Multimedia Communication 多媒体通信Communication Countermeasure 通信对抗Modern Communication System 现代通信系统M
33、odern Communication Network 现代通信网Integrated Service Digital Network 综合业务数字网SPC Exchange Fundamental 程控交换原理ATM Principle and Application ATM原理及应用Digital TV 数字电视,补充一,2018/12/17,36,Cable Television 有线电视Electromagnetic Field Theory 电磁场理论Electromagnetic Field & Magnetic Wave 电磁场与电磁波Microwave Technique 微波
34、技术Antenna Principle 天线原理Random Signal Analysis 随机信号分析Digital Signal Processing 数字信号处理Digital Image Processing 数字图像处理Adaptive Signal Processing 自适应信号处理Speech Signal Processing 语言信号处理,补充一,2018/12/17,37,Voice and Speech Processing 语音处理Pattern Recognition 模式识别Information Theory 信息论Information and Coding
35、 Theory 信息论与编码理论Optical Information Processing 光信息处理Information Technology 信息技术Information Fusion 信息融合Information Management 信息管理Electronic Commerce 电子商务Multimedia Technique 多媒体技术,补充一,2018/12/17,38,Design and Analysis of Information System 信息系统分析与设计Computer Graphics 计算机图形学Basis of Software Technique
36、 软件技术基础Software Engineering 软件工程Database Principle 数据库原理Visual C+ Programming VC+程序设计Object-oriented Technique 面向对象技术Computer Network Basis 计算机网络基础Network Management 网络管理Management Information System 管理信息系统,补充一,2018/12/17,39,81. Computer Network Cryptography Technology 计算机网络安全与保密技术 82. Computer Simu
37、lation Technology and Application 计算机仿真技术及应用 Operating System 操作系统 Data Structure 数据结构 Experiment of Microcomputer System 微机系统实验 Computer Interface Technology 计算机接口技术 Single Chip Processor 单片机 PLC Principle and Application 可编程控制器原理及应用 ASIC Design 专用集成电路设计 Assembly Language 汇编语言,补充一,2018/12/17,40,91.
38、 VHDL and Digital System Design Using EDA VHDL语言与数字系统EDA设计Artificial Intelligence 人工智能Computer Control Technique 计算机控制技术Modern Control Theory 现代控制理论Automatic Control Theory 自动控制理论Literature Retrieval 文献检索 Electrical Engineering Practice 电工实习Physical Education 体育Military Theory 军事理论Music 音乐Graduation
39、 Project (Thesis) 毕业设计（论文）,补充一,Back,2018/12/17,41,Unit 2 Channel Capacity,NEW WORDS PHRASES NOTES EXERCISES,Back,2018/12/17,42,NEW WORDS,Unit 2,2018/12/17,43,Unit 2,2018/12/17,44,Unit 2,2018/12/17,45,Back,Unit 2,2018/12/17,46,PHRASES,1. enter into 参加，成为一部分，涉及 2. due to 由于; 起因于; 归功于 3. be something o
40、f 有一点 4. in principle 原则上, 大致上on principle 按照原则（或道德标准） 5. provided that 假如, 设若 6. probability of error 误码率，误差概率 (or：error probability) 7. be close to 接近, 靠近,Unit 2,2018/12/17,47,8. bandlimited gaussian channel 限带高斯信道 9. physical system 物理系统,实际系统 10. turn out 结果，结果是 （常与to, that连用） 11. lower bound 下界,
41、 下限 12. upper limit 上限 13. root-mean-square 均方根，均方根值；均方根(的) root-mean-square error 均方根(有效值)误差 14 . amount of information 信息量（or：information content; quantity of information; information quantity） 15. ideal lowpass filter 理想低通滤波器,Unit 2,2018/12/17,48,16. rise time 上升时间 17. as a matter of convenience
42、为方便起见 18. white Gaussian noise 高斯白噪声 (or: white gaussian noise) 19. on the other hand 另一方面 20. trade off 交替换位，折衷选择(tradeoff n.折衷,权衡) 21. signal-to-noise ratio 信号噪声比，信噪比（SNR，S/N） 22. be free to 随意,任意,不受拘束 23. make up for 补偿,Back,Unit 2,2018/12/17,49,NOTES,1 Shannons theorem says that it is possible,
43、in principle, to devise a means whereby a communications system will transmit information with an arbitrarily small probability of error provided that the information rate R is less than or equal to a rate C called the channel capacity. 香农定理表示原则上有可能设计一种方法，使得如果信息速率R小于或等于一个称为信道容量的速率C，通信系统就能以任意小的误码率传送信息。 whereby (关系副词)凭那个；由此。例:a system whereby a new discovery may arise 由此可能产生新发现的体系a plan whereby to escape 逃走的办法 provided conj.（常与that连用）假若；倘若；倘使。例如:You may keep the book a further week provided (that) no one else requires it.倘若这本书没有其他人想借的话，你可以再续借一个礼拜。（亦作： providing）,
