1、皮肤科专业英语词汇一导论皮肤性病学 dermatovenerology皮肤病学 dermatology性病学 venerology二皮肤的结构皮肤 skin皮沟 skin grooves皮嵴 skin ridges有毛的薄皮肤 hairy thin skin无毛的厚皮肤 hairless thick skin表皮 epidermis角质形成细胞 keratinocyte角蛋白 keratin基底层 stratum basale棘层 stratum spinosumOdland 小体颗粒层 stratum granulosum透明角质颗粒 keratohyline granule透明层 stra
2、tum lucidum角质层 strantum corneum 黑素细胞 melanocyte黑素小体 melanosome表皮黑素单元 epidermal melanin unit郎格罕斯细胞 Langerhans cellBirbeck 颗粒麦克尔细胞 Merkel cellMerkel 细胞-轴突复合体 Merkel cell-neurite complex桥粒 desmosome中央层 central stratum间线 intermediate line附着板 attachment plaque桥粒芯 desmosome core桥粒芯糖蛋白 desmoglein,Dsg桥粒芯胶蛋白
3、 desmocollin,Dsc桥粒斑 desmosomal plaque桥粒斑蛋白 desmoplakin,DP桥粒斑珠蛋白 plakogloubin,PG半桥粒 hemidesmosome亚基底致密斑 subbasal dense plague整合素 integrin基底膜带 basement membrane zone,BMZ透明层 lamina lucida板层素 laminin锚丝 anchoring filament致密层 lamina densa网板 reticular lamina锚原纤维 anchoring fibril真皮 dermis乳头层 papillary layer
4、网状层 reticular layer胶原纤维 collagen fibers胶原原纤维 collagen fibril网状纤维,嗜银纤维 reticular fibers网状原纤维 reticular fibril弹力纤维 elastic fibers弹力蛋白 elasticin微原纤维 microfibril基质 matrix蛋白多糖 proteoglycan皮下组织 subcutaneous tissue皮肤附属器 cutaneous appendages毛发 hair毳毛 vellus hair毛根 hair root毛干 hair shaft毛球 hair bulb毛囊 hair f
5、ollicles毛乳头 hair papilla内毛根鞘 inner root sheath外毛根鞘 outer root sheath结缔组织鞘 dermal root sheath生长期 anagen 退行期 catagen休止期 telogen皮脂腺 sebaceous glands小汗腺 eccrine glands顶泌汗腺 apocrine glands甲 nail甲板 nail plate甲半月 nail lunula甲廓 nail wall甲根 nail root甲床 nail bed甲母质 nail matrix三皮肤的功能:屏障,吸收,感觉,分泌和排泄,体温调节,代谢,免疫皮
6、肤免疫系统 skin immune system黏附分子 adhesion molecules整合素家族 integrin family免疫球蛋白超家族 immunoglobulin superfamily选择素家族 selectin family钙粘素家族 cadherin family四皮肤性病的临床表现及诊断斑疹 macule斑片 patch瘀点 petechia瘀斑 ecchymosis斑块 plaque丘疹 papule斑丘疹 maculopapule丘疱疹 papulovesicle丘脓疱疹 papulopustule风团 wheal水疱 vesicle大疱 bulla脓疱 pus
7、tule结节 nodule囊肿 cyst糜烂 erosion溃疡 ulcer鳞屑 scale浸渍 maceration裂隙 fissure瘢痕 scar萎缩 atrophy痂 crust抓痕 excoriation苔藓样变 lichenification尼氏征,棘层松解征 Nikolsky sign破片压诊 diascopic examination皮肤划痕试验 dermatographic tset五皮肤组织病理学1表皮角化过度 hyperkeratosis角化不全 parakeratosis角化不良 dyskeratosis颗粒层增厚 hypergranulosis棘层肥厚 acantho
8、sis乳头瘤样增生 papillomatosis疣状增生 verrucous hyperplasia假上皮瘤样增生 pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia细胞内水肿 intracellular edema气球状变性 ballooning degeneration网状变性 reticular degeneration细胞间水肿 intercellular edema海绵形成 spongiosis棘层松解 acantholysis基底细胞液化变性 liquefaction of basal cellKogoj 微脓肿 -颗粒层+棘层上步Munro 微脓肿-角质层内Pau
9、trier 微脓肿- 表皮内 or 外毛根鞘色素失禁 incontinence of pigment2真皮纤维蛋白变性 fibrinoid degeneration嗜碱性变性 basophilic degeneration粘液变性 mucinous degeneration弹力纤维变性 degeneration of elastic fibers肉芽肿 granuloma渐进性坏死 necrobiosis六常用试验室技术直接免疫荧光法 direct immunofluorescence,DIF间接免疫荧光法 indirect immunofluorescence,IIF斑贴试验 patch t
10、est皮内试验 intracutaneous testWood 灯梅毒快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验 rapid plasma regain test,RPR性病研究实验室试验 venersal disease research laboratory test,VDRL不加热血清反应素试验 unheated serum regain test,USR梅毒螺旋体颗粒凝集试验 treponema pallidum paticle agglutination,TPPA梅毒螺旋体血凝试验 treponema pallidum particle hemagglutination assay,TPHA荧光螺旋
11、体抗体吸收试验 fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test,FTA-ABS一病毒性疾病1单纯疱疹 herpes simplex单疱病毒 HSV隐性或亚临床感染 incubative or subclinical infection疱疹性口龈炎 herpes gingivostomatitis新生儿单纯疱疹 neonatal herps simplex疱疹样湿疹 eczema herpeticum即 kaposi 水痘样疹 Kaposis varicelliform eruption接种性单纯疱疹=疱疹性瘭疽 incubation herpes
12、 simplex 2。带状疱疹 herpes zoster水痘-带状疱疹病毒(人疱疹病毒 3 型) VZV=HHV-3眼带状疱疹 herpes zoster ophthalmicus耳带状疱疹 . herpes zoster oticusRamsay-Hunt 综合征后遗神经痛 postherpetic neuralgia3传染性软疣 。 molluscum contagiosum传染性软疣病毒 mcv4。疣 verruca,wart人乳头瘤病毒 HPV寻常疣 verruca vulgaris甲周疣 periungual vulgaris甲下疣 subungual vulgaris指状疣 di
13、gitate vulgaris丝状疣 verruca filiformis跖疣 plantar wart, verruca plantaris扁平疣 flat wart, verruca plana镶嵌疣 mosaic wart生殖器疣 genital wart即 尖锐湿疣 condyloma acuminatum5手足口病 hand-foot-mouth disease6其他:鲍温样丘疹病 bowenoid papulosis疣状表皮发育不良 verruca filiformis小儿丘疹性肢端皮炎 infantile papular acrodermatitis麻疹 measles风疹 ru
14、bella传染性红斑 erythema infectiosum急性发热性皮肤粘膜淋巴结综合征(川畸病) Kawasaki disease水痘 varicella; chicken pox幼儿急诊 exanthema subitum挤奶人结节 Milkers node二细菌性皮肤病1。脓疱疮 impetigo金黄色葡萄球菌 staphylococcus aureus乙型溶血性链球菌 hemolytic streptococcus寻常型脓疱疮 impetigo vulgaris即 接触传染性脓疱疮 impetigo contagiosa深脓疱疮 =臁疮 ecthyma大疱性脓疱疮 impetigo
15、 bullosa新生儿脓疱疮 impetigo neonatorum 葡萄球菌性烫伤样皮肤综合征 staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, SSSS2毛囊炎 folliculitis须疮 sycosis(须部假性毛囊炎 pseudofolliculitis barbae)秃发性毛囊炎 folliculitis decalvans瘢痕疙瘩性毛囊炎 folliculitis keloidalis疖与疖病 furuncle and furunculosis痈 carbuncle3。蜂窝织炎 cellulites丹毒 erysipelas4皮肤结核病 tubercul
16、osis cutis结核杆菌 mycobacterium tuberculosis寻常狼疮 lupus vulgaris疣状皮肤结核 tuberculosis verrucosa cutis5麻风 leprosy麻风分枝杆菌 mycobacterium leprae结核样型麻风 tuberculoid leprosy,TT瘤型麻风 lepromatous leprosy,LL界线类偏结核样型麻风 borderline tuberculoid leprosy中间界线类麻风 mid-borderline leprosy界线类偏瘤型麻风 borderline lepromatous leprosy多
17、菌型 multibacillary,MB少菌型 paucibacillary,PB麻风反应 lepra reaction联合化疗 MDT6其他:硬红斑 erythema induratum, Bazins disease游泳池肉芽肿 swimming pool granuloma猫抓病 cat-scratch disease皮肤炭疽 cutaneous anthrax;pustula maligna类丹毒 erysipeloid红癣 erythrasma腋毛癣 trichomycosis axillarisReiter 病 Reiters disease流行性斑疹伤寒 epidemic typ
18、hus项部瘢痕疙瘩性毛囊炎 folliculitis keloidalis nuchae脓肿性穿掘性头部毛囊周围炎 perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens化脓性汗腺炎 hidradenitis suppurativa猩红热 scarlatina下疳样脓皮病 chancriform pyoderma脓疱性细菌疹 pustular bacterid化脓性甲沟炎 pyogenic paronychia三真菌性皮肤病真菌病 mycosis真菌 fungus酵母菌 yeast霉菌 mould皮肤癣菌 dermatophyton 毛癣菌属 tric
19、hophyton小孢子菌属 microsporum表皮癣菌属 epidermophyton癣 tinea1头癣 tinea capitis黄癣,瘌痢头,秃疮 tinea favosa许兰毛癣菌 T. schoenleinii白癣 white ringworm犬小孢子菌 M. canis石膏样小孢子菌 M. gypseum黑点癣 black-dot ringworm紫色毛癣菌 T. violaceum短发毛癣菌 T. tonsurans脓癣 kerion2。体癣 tinea corporis股癣 tinea cruris红色毛癣菌 T. rubrum须癣毛癣菌 T. mentagrophytes
20、3手癣 tinea manum足癣 tinea pedis4甲真菌病 onychomycosis甲癣 tinea unguium白色浅表型 superficial white onychomycosis,SWO远端侧位甲下型 distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis,DLSO近端甲下型 proximal subungual onychomycosis,PSO全甲毁损型 total dystrophic onychomycosis,TDO5癣菌疹 dermatophytid6。花斑癣 tinea versicolor, pityriasis versi
21、color马拉色菌,糠秕孢子菌 pityrosporum7马拉色菌毛囊炎 Malassezia folliculitis8。念珠菌病 candidiasis白念珠菌 C. albicans念珠菌性间擦疹 candidal intertrigo慢性皮肤粘膜念珠菌病 chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis念珠菌性甲沟炎 candidal paronychia甲真菌病 onychomycosis念珠菌性肉芽肿 candidal granuloma口腔念珠菌病 oral candidiasis外阴阴道念珠菌病 vulvovaginal candidiasis念珠菌性包皮龟头
22、炎 candidal balanoposthitis9。孢子丝菌病 sporotrichosis10着色芽生菌病 chromoblastomycosis11其他着色性真菌病 chromomycosis皮肤暗丝孢霉菌 phaeohyphomycosis足菌肿 mycetoma奴卡菌病 nocardiosis放线菌病 actinomycosis糠秕孢子菌性毛囊炎 Pityrosporum folliculitis隐球菌病 cryptococcosis四动物性皮肤病1。疥疮 scabies2螨皮炎 mite dermatitis3毛虫皮炎 caterpillar dermatitis4。隐翅虫皮炎
23、paederia dermatitis5。蚊、蠓叮咬 mosquito mixed connected tissue嗜酸性筋膜炎 eosinophilic fasciitis干燥综合征 Sjogren syndrome, SS重叠综合征 OS;overlap syndrome幼年性类风湿性关节炎 juvenil rheumatoid arthritis嗜酸性粒细胞增多症 eosinophilia类风湿性嗜中性皮病 Rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatosis十三。大疱性皮肤病 bullous dermatosis天疱疮 pemphigus寻常型天疱疮 pemphigus
24、 vulgaris增殖型天疱疮 pemphigus vegetans落叶型天疱疮 pemphigus foliaceus红斑型天疱疮 pemphigus erythematosus大疱性类天疱疮 bullous pemphigoid,BP其他疱疹样天疱疮 pemphigus herpetiformisIgA 天疱疮 IgA pemphigus妊娠疱疹 herpes gestationis疱疹样脓疱病 impetigo herpetiformis掌跖脓疱病 palmoplantar pustulosis;PPP角层下脓疱病 subcorneal pustule dermatosis连续性肢端皮炎
25、 acrodermatitis continua嗜酸性脓疱性毛囊炎 eosinophilic pustular folliculitis副肿瘤天疱疮 paraneoplastic pemphigus类天疱疮 pemphigoid瘢痕性类天疱疮 Cicatricial pemphigoid疱疹样皮炎 dermatitis herpetiformis, Duhring disease家族性良性慢性天疱疮 familial benign chronic pemphigus,FBCP线状 IgA 大疱皮病 linear IgA bullous dermatosis LABD儿童慢性大疱性皮病 chro
26、nic bullous dermatosis of childhood获得性大疱性表皮松解症 epidermolysis bullosa acquisita十四。血管性皮肤病 vascular dermatosis过敏性紫癜 anaphylactoid purpura即亨-许紫癜 Henoch-Schonlein purpura关节型 Schonlein 型腹型 Henoch 型变应性皮肤血管炎 allergic cutaneous vasculitis结节性红斑 erythema nodosum白塞病 Behcet disease即白塞综合征 Behcet syndrome色素性紫癜性皮病
27、pigmentary purpuric dermatosis进行性色素性紫癜性皮病 progressive pigmentary purpuric dermatosis毛细血管扩张性环状紫癜 purpura annularis telangiectodes色素性紫癜性苔藓样皮炎 pigmentary purpuric lichenoid dermatitis急性发热性嗜中性皮病 acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis即 Sweet 病或 Sweet 综合症其他荨麻疹性血管炎 urticarial vasculitis持久性隆起性红斑 erythema ele
28、vatum diutinum结节性多动脉炎 polyarteritis nodosaWegner 肉芽肿 Wegners granuloma坏疽性脓皮病 gangrenous pyoderma面部肉芽肿 granuloma facei脓疱性血管炎 pustular vasculitis淤积性皮炎 stasis dermatitis雷诺病 Raynaud disease血栓性静脉炎 thrombophlebitis白色萎缩 white atrophy, atrophite blanche痛性挫伤性综合征 painful bruising syndrome恶性萎缩性丘疹病 malignant at
29、rophic papulosis, Degos disease十五。皮肤附属器疾病寻常痤疮 acne vulgaris聚合性痤疮 acne conglobata暴发性痤疮 acne fulminant药物性痤疮 medication acne婴儿痤疮 infantile acne月经前痤疮 premenstrual acne脂溢性皮炎 seborrheic dermatitis酒糟鼻 rosacea斑秃 alopecia areata全秃 alopecia totalis普秃 alopecia universalis男性型脱发 male pattern alopecia; MPA即雄激素源性脱
30、发 androgenetic alopecia即早秃 premature alopecia多汗症 (hidrosis) hyperhidrosis臭汗症 fetid sweat(bromidrosis, bromhidrosis)其他:石棉状糠疹 pityriasis amiantacea激素性皮炎 hormonous dermatitis口周皮炎 perioral dermatitis无汗症 anhidrosis假性斑秃 pseudopelade多毛症 polytrichia;polytrichosis白发 canities甲营养不良 Onychodystrophy反甲 koilonychi
31、a甲胬肉 pterygium unguisFox-fordyce 病 Fox-fordyce disease毛发管型 hair cast小棘状毛壅症 trichostasis spinulosa色汗症 chromidrosis十六。色素性皮肤病白癜风 vitiligo黄褐斑 chloasma,melasma雀斑 freckle(Riehl)黑变病 (Riehls ) melanosis其他:色素痣 pigmented nevus咖啡斑 caf-au-lait spots口周黑子-肠息肉综合征 pigmentation-polyposis syndrome蒙古斑 mongolian macula太田痣