1、12018 学年度人教版选修 8Unit 4PYGMALIONPeriod1Reading 教案教材分析和教材重组教材分析本单元的主题是通过分析卖花女中各个人物的性格，使学生理解：人的语言和行为受其社会地位和环境的影响，但是通过后天的努力，是可以改变现状的。 鼓励学生要勇于改变自我， 不能满足于现状，充分挖掘自己的潜力。 1. Warming Up 通过图片引出希腊神话故事 Pygmalion，让学生有一个初步印象；并通过问题二打开思路，为以后学习剧本和理解剧情做好了铺垫。2. Pre-reading 帮助学生通过电影窈窕淑女了解 Pygmalion，激发学生的阅读兴趣。3. Reading
2、是一个剧本。故事讲述了一位来自社会下层语言粗俗的卖花女，偶然遇到社会上层的皮克林上校和锡金思教授的情景，通过他们之间的对话和各自具有的代表性语言，突出本剧主题：人的语言和行为都受他社会地位和环境的影响，但是通过后天的努力，是可以改变现状的。 鼓励学生要勇于改变自我， 不能满足于现状，充分挖掘自己的潜力。 4. Comprehending 共有 5 个练习，前三个练习旨在加强学生对课文的理解，练习 4 重在引导学生思考，对人物性格进行总结。练习 5 重在加强学生语言正规化的训练。5. Learning about Language 分为两部分，Discovering useful words a
3、nd expressions 是本单元的词汇练习题, 训练学生在语境中理解词汇的能力，并要注意在运用过程中动词，名词形式的变化。 Discovering useful structures 是本单元的语法练习题，着重复习过去分词做状语的用法。6. Using Language 部分的阅读与表演是本单元剧本的第二部分。剧情注重描写了卖花女为了改变自己的命运，来到教授家要求学习规范语言。教授看到她衣着脏乱，举止粗俗，不想教她，但为了和上校打赌来证明其语言观及教学能力，收下卖花女。教材重组1. 将 Warming Up，Pre-reading，Reading 与 Comprehending 以及 U
4、sing Language 整合在一起上一节“阅读课”。2. 将 Learning about Language 和 Workbook 的 using words and expressions 及 using structures 整合在一起上一节“语言学习课”。3. 将 Workbook 的 READING AND LISTENING 和 TALKING 结合在一起上一节“ 听说课”。4. 将 Workbook 的 LISTENING TASK，READING AND WRITING TASK 和SPEAKING TASK 设计为一节“综合技能课（二） ”。课时分配1st Period R
5、eading2nd Period Language study3rd Period Listening and Speaking 4th Period Integrating skillPart 1: Teaching Design第一部分：教学设计2Period 1: A sample lesson plan for reading(PYGMALION)AimsTo help students read and act a play To teach the past participle as adverbialProceduresI. Warming up by leaning abou
6、t PygmalionPygmalionPygmalion (1938) the non-musical film adaptation of George Bernard Shaws 1913 stage playPhonetics Professor Henry Higgins makes a bet with Colonel Pickering that he can turn a Cockney flower girl, Eliza Doolittle into a lady within three months. To do so, he must transform her th
7、ick-accented voice, by coaching her to speak proper English, teaching her manners, and drilling her so she will be educated. “We were above that in Convent Garden I sold flowers. I didnt sell myself. Now youve made a lady of me; Im not fit to sell anything else.” “Im a good girl, I am.”At a tea part
8、y, in her first public testing, she blurts out, “Not bloody likely.” However, she makes a spectacular debut at a society ball proving him right. The movie drastically diverges from Shaws play at the end by indicating that Higgins falls in love with Eliza. This is really not a love story.II. Pre-read
9、ing-about My Fair LadyA priceless classic, My Fair Lady has become one of the most popular musicals of all time. Based on George Bernard Shaws 1913 play Pygmalion, the film swept the Academy Awards. 窈窕淑女可谓无价经典之作，是有史以来最受欢迎的音乐剧之一。该片以萧伯纳 1913年的剧作皮格马利翁为蓝本，夺得了多项奥斯卡奖。It tells a tale of a waif who was educ
10、ated into being a lady. 该片讲述一个流浪者被教育成一位淑女的故事。Egotistical linguist Professor Henry Higgins (Oscar winning Rex Harrison) bets his friend, Colonel Hugh Pickering, that he can transform Cockney flower girl Eliza Doolittle (Audrey Hepburn) into a lady in time for an important society ball. 自负的语言学教授亨利希金斯（
11、奥斯卡奖获得者雷克斯 哈里森饰）同他的好友休皮克林上校打赌，他能及时将伦敦穷人区的卖花女伊莱扎杜利特尔（奥黛丽 赫本饰）变为一位淑女，以便她能参加一个重要的社交舞会。His gamble could pay off but the spirited Eliza is more of a handful than the Professor could have predicted. As she slowly becomes more refined, and less reliant upon him, Higgins realizes, to his confusion, that he
12、cant live without her. 他的打赌也许会赢但是活泼的伊莱扎远比教授想象的要难对付。随着她慢慢地变得越来越优雅，越来越独立于他，希金斯困惑地意识到自己已离不开她。The film was nominated for 12 Oscars and won eight, including Best Picture and Director. 该部影片获得 12 项奥斯卡奖提名，最终赢得 8 项，包括最佳影片和最佳导演奖。 III. Reading for formsRead the text to: cut/ the sentence into thought groups, b
13、lacken the predicates, darken the 3connectives and underline all the useful expressions. IV. Copying and making sentencesYou are asked to copy all the useful expressions into your notebook after class as homework. You may make your own sentences with each of these expressions.Expressions from PYGMAL
14、IONa poor flower girl 卖花女, be ambitious to improve oneself 立志要改善自己, an expert in phonetics 语音学专家，the quality of a persons English 一个人的英语水平, decide ones position in society 决定某人的社会地位, an officer in the army 一个军官, seta task 给一个任务, outside a theatre 在剧场外, pour with rain 下倾盆大雨, hide from the rain 躲雨, ma
15、ke notes 做记录 , shelter from躲避, hesitate for a moment 迟疑片刻, buy flowers off从处买花, takefor three pence 花三便士买 , hold up举起, sound friendly 听起来友好, some small change 一些零钱, be disappointed at 对失望, get worried 担心, have a right to do有权利做, takefor把看作 , a policeman in disguise 便衣警察 , take downfor为记下, hand over,
16、递过去， be covered with被.覆盖, push back at把推回给, in ones own voice 用某人自己的声音, come from the west end of来自于西边, look confused 困惑不解, be classified from对分类, make an income 有收入, the age of the newly rich 致富的年代, begin ones working life in a poor neighborhood of从的穷人区开始工作, with 80 pounds a year 年收入 80 英镑, end in
17、a rich life with 100 thousand 最终年收入 10 万英镑, betray oneself 无意中露出本性, condemn one to the gutter to the end of ones days 注定要在贫民窟里呆一辈子, speak properly 正确的讲，find employment 为找份工作, require better English 要求更好的英语, make ones acquaintance 结识某人, throw a handful ofinto扔一把到里, have a celebration 庆祝一下, look at th
18、e collected money 看着收集起来的钱, in amazement惊奇地, a whole pound 整整一英镑V. Transferring informationYou are going to read the play once again to fill in the chart with necessary information.VI. Closing down by having a dictationTo end this class, we are going to take a dictation. To make the task easy for yo
19、u I will give you some more background information, in Chinese. 说话不饶人的语言学家贺勤（Henry Higgins ）与友人打赌，要在六个月之内，将满口乡音、在伦敦街头卖花的少女伊丽莎（Eliza Doolittle） （柯德莉夏萍饰）改造成大家闺秀，出席上流社会的舞会而不被揭发。伊丽莎得知受改造之后有望斩断穷根，便欣然接受贺勤一连串的发音及仪态训练。六个月后，伊丽莎成为舞会上的全场焦点，富家子弟纷纷拜倒石榴裙下，可是她发现自己办是贺勤眼中的赌具而已，遂毅然离开。贺勤发现伊丽莎不知所踪，既愤怒又不安，因为若你已明白 Pygmal
20、ion 的意思，相信也知道接下来的故事会如何发展。Now the dictation: The snobbish is not; are not; has not; have not. 如：We aint coming. 我们不来了。2. The English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days. 那一口英语使她注定要在贫民窟里呆一辈子。gutter 排水沟；阴沟。The gutter 贫民区； condemn somebody to sth / to do sth 注定；差遣；派遣：The man was c
21、ondemned to six years in prison for treating his wife cruelly.那男人因虐待妻子被判六年监禁。His disabled legs condemned him to a wheelchair all his life.他残疾的双腿把他一辈子困在了轮椅上。3. an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a persons English decides his or her position in society. 一位语音学家，认定一个人的英语水平决定这个人的社会地位。b
22、e convinced that 从句意思是 “坚信，确信” = be convinced ofI am convinced that he was guilty. = I am convinced of his guilty.我确信他有罪。 4. I thought maybe you was a policeman in disguise. 我以为你是便衣警察。in disguise 意为“乔装”: The emperor liked traveling in disguise. 这位皇帝喜欢微服私访。5本单元还有 In 引导的介词短语，应认真辨析识记。in need of 意为“ 需要”
23、: He is in need of a haircut. 他需要理发了。in terms of 意为“ 根据，依照” “以的措辞” ：Let each child read in terms of his own tastes and choices.让每一个孩子根据自己的兴趣爱好选择书籍阅读。He referred to your work in terms of high praise. 他对你的工作大加赞赏。5. But they betray themselves ery time they open their mouths. 但每次一张嘴说话，他们就原形毕露。betray one
24、self 无意中露出本性；背叛：Quiet a lot of people will betray themselves when tempted by money. 相当多的人面对金钱的诱惑便原形毕露。He was betrayed by his own enthusiasm. 他因过于热情而露出了马脚。【高考链接】一、过去分词作状语时的功能及位置1. 过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的；过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。如：Alt
25、hough built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful. 尽管这座房子是 30 年前被建造的，它看起来依然很漂亮。2. 过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；做伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。如：Given more time, he can do it better. 如果他被给予更多的时间，他就能把它做得更好。二、 与状语从句的转换1. 过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为 when, while 或 after 等引导的状语从
26、句。如：Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. 从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。2. 作条件状语，可转换为 if, once 或 unless 等引导的状语从句。如：United we will stand; divided we will fall. If we are united we will stand; if we are divided we wi
27、ll fall.团结就是胜利；分裂必然失败。3. 作原因状语，可转换为 as, since 或 because 等引导的状语从句。如：Encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder. As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder. 由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。4. 作让步状语，可转换为 although, though 或 even if 等引导的状语从句。如：Although exhausted by the climb, we c
28、ontinued our journey. Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey. 我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。5. 作方式状语，如有连词 as if，就转换为 as if 引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。如：He began to cry as if bitten by a snake. He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake. 他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。6. 作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。如：Aunt Wu c
29、ame in, followed by her daughter. Aunt Wu came in, and (she) was followed by her daughter. 吴大娘走进来， （她）后面跟着她的女儿。三、过去分词作表语 1. 过去分词作表语并无“完成”或“ 被动”之意，表示主语的感受（感情）或心理状态，主语多为人。 11Dont touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子，它是坏的。 He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜欢那礼服的式样。 His respo
30、nse to the question was quite disappointing. I felt disappointed at his response. 提醒：过去分词作表语不要与被动语态混为一体，过去分词作表语表示主语的状态，被动语态则表示被动的动作。如：The road is covered with fallen leaves. （表状态） The road is covered by the fallen leaves. (表动作) 2. 过去分词和ing 分词作表语的区别： 过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受，而-ing 分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征，如： He
31、aring the news, we felt very surprised. 听到那个消息，我们感到很惊讶 The news is very surprising. 这个消息很令人惊讶。 They were frightened to hear the frightening sound. 他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。 At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved to tears. 看到这么动人的情景，所有在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪。 英语中这样的分词还有很多，如：amusing, amused; e
32、ncouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; exciting, excited; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; worrying, worried; tiring, tired; pleasing, pleased; interesting, interested; astonishing, astonished 等。 四、过去分词作宾语补足语 1. 过去分词可以在 allow, ask, consider, desire, expect, feel, find, get, ha
33、ve, hear, imagine, keep, like, make, observe, order, permit, prefer, remember, request, require, see, urge 动词等后面作宾语补足语。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。例如：My elder brother had her wallet stolen on a train last week. They managed to make themselves understood using v
34、ery simple English. （用于使役动词） We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.（用于感官动词） After my encounter with her, I found myself greatly shaken. You should keep her informed of what is going on here. （用于表状态的动词） The teacher expected the students well prepared for the examination. 注意：在动词 see,
35、hear, feel, watch, notice，perceive，observe, listen to, look at 后既可用现在分词做补语,也可用不定式做补语。用现在分词表示动作正在进行,用不定式表示的动作的全过程已经完成。如：I saw Mr. White get off a bus. I saw Mr. White looking into the shop window. Do you hear someone knocking at the door? Yes, I did. I heard him knock three times.五、过去分词作定语 1. 过去分词作定语
36、时，相当于一个定语从句。单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系（现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系) 。例如：My parents are both retired teachers. We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight. As early as 1649 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town
37、 _50 households or more. A. having B. to have C. to have had D. having had 分析：答案为 A。后面由现在分词做定语，而且 town 本身有 50 或以上人家，故 town 与分词间为主谓关系，应该用现在分词。 例如：Most of the students invited to the garden party =who were invited to the garden party) came from 11our schoolThe suggestion made by the foreign expert was
38、 adopted by the manager. 外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。 2. 过去分词和 ing 分词作定语的区别：过去分词作定语通常表示完成的或被动的动作；而-ing 分词作定语可以表示正在进行的主动的动作。试比较下面几组短语： boiled water 开水； boiling water 正沸腾的水；developed countries 发展的国家 developing countries 发展中国家； fallen leaves 落叶； falling leaves 正在飘落的叶子； changed condition 改变了的情况； changing condition
39、 变化着的情况 【高考链接】1. _ in the mountain for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.（05 江苏卷） A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 2. _ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （05 湖南卷） A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 3. When _ hel
40、p, one often says” Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” （05 福建卷） A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered 4. _ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. （05 上海卷） A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put 5. You should unders
41、tand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it_ often enough. （05 天津卷） A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained 6. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses _ vacation to China. (05 北京卷) A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid 7. The repairs cost a lot, but its money wel
42、l_.（05 湖北卷） Ato spend Bspent Cbeing spent Dspending 8. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (04 上海卷) A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded 9. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss. （04 全国卷 III） A.
43、questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned 10. Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music. （04 全国卷 II） A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard11. No matter how frequently _, the works of Beethoven still attract pe
44、ople all over the world. (2006 广东） A. performed B. performing C. to be performed D. being performed12. _ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (2006 福建)A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed13. _ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on
45、time. （2006 四川）A. Faced B. Face C. Facing D. To face14. Five people win the “Chinas Green Figure” award, a title _ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. (2006 山东)11A. being given B. is given C. given D. was given15 When _ different cultures, we often pay attention o
46、nly to the differences without noticing the many similarities.（2006 浙江）A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared【巩固练习】 1People cannot but feel _, for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake. A. puzzled B. delighted C. puzzling D. delighting 2And
47、 there, almost _ in the big chair, sat her little brother, who never had to be told to keep quiet. A. having lost B. losing C. to be lost D. lost 3. As the saying goes, friendship is like money: easier made than _. A. to be done B. doing C. to keep D. kept 4. _ in a friendly way, their quarrel came
48、to an end. A. Being settled B. Settled C. Having settled D. Settling 5. The girl is _ to be a good dancer if she well trained in an art school. A. gifted and promised B. gifted and promising C. gifting and promising D. gift and promised 6. You see this kind of products _, wherever you go in the city. A. advertised B. being advertising C. advertising D. having advertised 7. The traffic problem, which we are expecting _ , should have attracte
