1、大学英语四级考试辅导-3,小短文,提问方式及解题对策,短文听力的提问方式最常见的有4种类型 1.中心思想题。这类问题主要是测试文章的主题思想。 提问方式有：What is the main idea of the passage? What can we learn from this passage? What is the best title for this passage? What is the passage mainly about? What is the speaker talking about?等等。,1.中心思想题-解题对策,做这一类题时一定要注意集中精力听好短文的开
2、头，因为四级听力短文一般会开门见山，把中心思想置于文章的开头。另外，如果文中反复出现同一词汇或同一类词汇，同样也值得我们特别注意，因为包含有这类词汇的选项能较好地体现中心思想，通常就是正确答案。 例如：15-6-16 15-6-25 13-6-23 12-12-22 每篇文章的第一和最后一题,seal,2.事实细节题。所考察的细节包括具体时间、地点、主要人物或事件、各种数字等，问题一般为wh-question的形式。 这类题要求我们听到文中出现时间、数字时一定要特别敏感，及时做好笔记；另外，文中一旦出现以因果连词(如because, so, due to等)和转折连词(如yet, but, h
3、owever, though等)引导的句子也要格外留心，这些地方往往就是考点。 例如：2015-6-16 yet 13-6-19 because,3.对错判断题。这类题常用以下提问方式：Which of the following is true/not true, according to the passage? Which of the following is not mentioned?等等。听到这类题时，一定要听清提问，对于有没有not一词要弄清楚。一般情况下，not一词会重读。,4.推理推测题。这类题需要对文中的信息进行分析推断，才能作出正确的选择。 提问方式有：What can
4、 be infer from the passage? What does the speaker think about the problem.? What does the speaker most concerned about? How does the writer feel about.?等等。 做这类题时一定要注意与短文内容一样的不是推断，而且一定要根据短文的观点而不是根据自己的观点来推断。 例如：13-6-16,故事文体裁的听力短文攻略,听力短文通常锁定在记叙文和说明文两类体裁上。而记叙文除知识性短文外，考查较多的主要是故事文。 08-6-passage 2&3 08-1-p
5、assage 2,相对于知识性短文而言，由于故事性短文考试&大的时间和情节的完整性，整体上难度不大。在考试中，考生只要根据短文的故事情节理清脉络，搞懂逻辑关系即可获得正确信息，解答所设题目。 在故事性短文听力中，正确获取人物和主要事件的信息显得极为重要，因此适当记录故事中所出现的时间及对应的重大事件便成为解决故事性短文的关键。此外，文章结尾往往涉及所介绍人物或事件的当前形势和最新发展，同样不容忽视。,故事性短文在四级考试中的测试主要集中在三类问题上：时间、对应的事件及原因(when-what-why-question)；人物及专有名词的细节提问 (Proper Name-question)；结
6、尾句或故事寓意的提问 (moral-question)。,1. 时间、对应的事件及原因 (when-what-why-question) 由于故事性短文其自身的特点-以故事情节介绍为主，因此在故事性短文问题的设置中数when-what-why-question最为常见，即问及故事中某一时间和其对应的事件，有时还会涉及该事件背后的原因。该类问题是对细节的考查，经常用于此句型结构的问题有： When did ? What happened in year .? What is the finding of ? Why are important events in ? “why is it dif
7、ficult to ? Why do have to keep the present jobs?等。解答此类问题的关键是在浏览所给问题的基础上，迅速得到关键词或关键句型，如：because， so，therefore，the reasonis that，whyis等。在听短文时便可有针对性地做出笔记以记录问题所涉及到的时间、对应的事件以及其背后的原因。,2. 人物及专有名词的细节提问 (Proper Name-question) 故事性短文在进行故事情节叙述时不可避免地会涉及到人物、地点和一些专有名词，因此在故事性短文问题的设置中对专有名词的细节考查也较为常见。经常用于此句型结构的问题有：W
8、hat do we learn from the passage about ? What does the speaker tell us about Catherine Gram?等。 解答此类问题的关键是浏览题干、圈点专有名词后，关注文章中所出现该名词的相关句子，并做简单记录。如果其相关信息不止一点时，一定要注意列点记录以防遗漏。,3. 结尾句或故事寓意的提问 (moral-question) 故事性短文的结尾句通常包含该故事的寓意，我们将对文章寓意题目的设置称为moral-question，这是对文章主旨的考查。经常用于此句型结构的问题有： What does the comment
9、by suggest? What can be inferred from the passage?。 解答此类问题的关键是在把握故事整体性的基础上，对故事主人公做出正确评价。,08-6-passage 3讲解,32. What do we learn about the greenhouse? A) It was located in a park. B) Its owner died of a heart attack. C) It went bankrupt all of a sudden. D) Its potted plants were for lease only. 此题属于故事
10、性短文中针对人物及专有名词的细节进行提问。在浏览题干圈点专有名词greenhouse后, 迅速在文章里听到 “Just as suddenly, the owner of the greenhouse where I worked as manager died of a heart attack. His family announced that they were going to close the business because no one in the family wanted to run it.“ 可以得到关于greenhouse的两条信息：greenhouse的主人因心
11、脏病突然死亡； greenhouse因无人接管而即将关闭。,33. What was the speaker doing when the customer walked in one morning? A) Planting some trees in the greenhouse. B) Writing a want ad to a local newspaper. C) Putting up a “Going out of Business“ sign. D) Helping a customer select some purchases. 此题属于故事性短文中针对时间、对应的事件及原
12、因进行提问。解答此题的关键是在浏览所给问题的基础上，迅速得到关键词即时间状语when the customer walked in，在听短文时便可针对性地做出笔记以记录所给时间对应的事件，很容易捕获信息“ as I was hanging out Going out of Business sign at the greenhouse，the door opened and in walked a customer.”,34. What did the speaker think of when serving the office manager? A) Opening an office
13、in the new office park. B) Keeping better relations with her company C) Developing fresh business opportunities. D) Building a big greenhouse of his own. 此题仍属于故事性短文中针对时间、对应的事件及原因进行提问。得到题干关键词when serving the office manager后，在文中获取 “Why was I helping her select her purchases? My mind was racing.“,35. W
14、hat was the speakers hope for the future? A) Owning the greenhouse one day. B) Securing a job at the office park. C) Cultivating more potted plants. D) Finding customers out of town. 此题属于故事性短文中针对故事的寓意进行提问。文章讲了一个立志的创业故事，整篇文章将基调定在“奋斗”一词上。再由含有寓意的结尾句 “And one day, we hope to be the proud owners of the greenhouse.“,
