1、,Treatment and Resource Utilization of Solid Waste,Contents,2,Introduction of solid waste,Production of solid waste,Harm and Influence of solid waste,Treatment and Resource Utilization of solid waste,What is solid waste?,Solid waste is generated in the production , construction and other activities
2、of human daily life and causing environmental pollution. It mainly includes solid, liquid and gaseous waste materials. Solid waste compared with waste water and waste gas has distinct features, it has a distinct temporal, spatial and lasting harm.,1,Municipal Solid Waste,Industrial Solid Waste,2,Agr
3、icultural solid waste,3,4,Hazardous Waste,Generally, according to the source of the solid waste, it can be divided into four kinds.,Municipal Solid Waste,Municipal solid waste is mainly refers to the urban daily life or services provided to urban daily life activities, namely of urban living garbage
4、, mainly including residents living garbage, hospital rubbish, commercial garbage, construction waste. Generally speaking, the city of the garbage quantity per person a day for 1-2 kilograms, the amount and composition and residents material life level, habits and waste materials recycling degree, m
5、unicipal construction situation and so on. Such as domestic waste mainly for the kitchen waste.,Industrial Solid Waste,Industrial solid waste is to point to in the industry, transportation etc from production activities of mining waste stone, tailing, fuel waste residues, chemical production and sme
6、lting slag. Industrial solid waste according to its source and physical properties generally can be divided into six types. And in accordance with the waste residue of toxic and can be divided into two types of toxic waste and non-toxic.,Agricultural Solid Waste,Agricultural solid waste is mainly fr
7、om agricultural production, animal husbandry, agricultural processing, rural residents.,Hazardous Waste,Hazardous waste mainly includes paints, pigments, oils and other chemical waste, also including nuclear waste.,How to produce solid waste?,Human cognition is limited , resulting in destruction of
8、the natural environment. The technological level of People who participate in planning, design, manufacturing, transportation, consumption, management is limited , resulting in the waste of resources. Restriction of material change law leads to the evolution of the function of goods and materials. T
9、he pursuit of self-interest, self-protection, luxury, vanity and other rational and irrational psychological limit, resulting in a waste of resources.,The harm of solid waste,Solid waste generation source dispersion, production, complex composition, morphology and changeable nature, may contain toxi
10、city, flammability, explosive, radioactive, corrosive, reactive, infectious and pathogenic contaminants or hazardous waste, even contain contaminants enriched biological, some refractory or intractable substance emissions (solid waste quantity and quality) is uncertain and hidden, these factors have
11、 led to the solid waste generated in their emissions and process for resources, ecological environment, peoples physical and mental harm, or even hinder the sustained social and economic development.,In summary,waste a lot of resourcesdestruction of the ecological environmentmental injury and proper
12、ty damage caused by residents,For example,White Pollution The phenomena that difficult degradable plastic garbage (especially plastic) pollute environment is called white pollution by people.,Treatment and Resource Utilization of solid waste,Solid waste disposal methods are targeted. Mainly aimed at
13、 the four types of solid waste.,Municipal Solid Waste,Industrial Solid Waste,Agricultural Solid Waste,Hazardous Waste,Municipal Solid Waste,Landfills, composting, incineration, recycling, sorting two or more of a combination of methods to deal with municipal solid waste, thus avoiding and reducing w
14、aste due to improper handling of the environment caused by secondary pollution and resources, while achieving full use of resources and harmless object processing of municipal solid waste.,Industrial Solid Waste,Recycling of resources utilization of solid waste recycling, energy recovery and resourc
15、es. Recycling of industrial solid waste, industrial production must be based on specific characteristics may be, should also pay attention to technical feasibility, competitive products and access to economic and other factors. Harmless sound disposal of solid waste disposal means that after proper
16、treatment or disposal of solid waste or hazardous components which can not be harmful to the environment, or converted to harmless environmental substances,Agricultural Solid Waste,Energy processing Straw gasification; Preparation of carbon; Power generation; Fertilizer processing The straw directly
17、 into the field, the use of natural microbial fermentation to become fertilizer. Feed processing The straw can be processed into animal feed or directly as food for cattle and other livestock. Material processing Many crops or other agricultural waste are produced some of lifes important raw materia
18、ls, such as: decorative materials, waterproof materials.,Hazardous Waste,Chemical reaction method This method is designed to deal with things like acid, alkali and some other plant waste, and the use of acid-base chemistry and its laws, it does not affect the excretion into the environment, so that
19、you can directly discharged nature.,Curing deep burying method This method is mainly for waste batteries and some on land resources has contaminated hazardous waste. But this is not only too expensive but also wasteful, because there are a lot of useful substances can be used as a raw material.,Meta
20、l sealing method This method is mainly for the disposal of nuclear waste, nuclear waste will be put into use in a closed box made of metal, and then deep into the sparsely populated areas, but this practice is not completely cut off from contaminated nuclear waste, only possible pollution reduction,
21、 and this method is not only a waste of money and a waste of time, so international experts are working on a better way.,Utilization of solid waste,Solid waste resource includes the following three ways: (1) Material recycling, the processing of waste and the recovery of secondary materials from des
22、ignated, such as paper, glass, metal and other materials. (2) Conversion substance, the use of the preparation of new forms of waste materials such as waste glass and waste rubber production of paving materials, the use of blast furnace slag and fly ash generated cement and other construction materi
23、als, the use of organic waste and sludge production composting. (3) Energy conversion, recovering energy from waste treatment processes, including heat and electricity, for example, by incineration of organic waste heat recovery can be further electricity generation; garbage to produce biogas as an energy source to businesses and residents to heat or electricity; the use of waste plastics pyrolysis fuel oil and gas and other fuels.,请老师及同学批评指正！,
