1、,Unit 12,Section One Tactics for Listening,food fair:美食展,Switzerland,瑞士是位于欧洲中南部的多山内陆国。东界奥地利、列支敦士登，南邻意大利，西接法国，北连德国。南北长220.1公里，东西长348.4公里。 瑞士是一个山国，山清水秀。全国一半以上的土地被绿地所覆盖。瑞士是欧洲大陆三大河流发源地，有“欧洲水塔”之称。瑞士的河湖面积达1726平方公里，占瑞士全国面积的4.2。 瑞士地处北温带，地域虽小，但各地气候差异很大。阿尔卑斯山由东向西伸展，形成了瑞士气候的分界线。,Berne伯尔尼（瑞士首都）,Its one of the o
2、ldest and loveliest cities in Europe, with origins going back to the 12th century.,Geneva日内瓦（瑞士西南部城市）,is the second-most-populous city in Switzerland (after Zurich) and is the most populous city of Romandy, the French-speaking part of Switzerland.,Lausanne洛桑, Lausanne, the French-speaking part of Sw
3、itzerland, is situated on the shores of Lake Geneva . It faces the French town of vian-les-Bains. Lausanne is located 62 kilometres (38.5 miles) northeast of Geneva.,Olympic Museum奥林匹克博物馆,Lake Geneva日内瓦湖,Switzerland has a well-known food- Chocolate.,Chocolate,Cheese, the soul of the Swiss food.,The
4、two most famous original Swiss cheeses are Emmental瑞士（多孔）干酪；埃曼塔尔（瑞士中部地区） and Gruyreru:j格律耶尔干酪 , both of which are highly prized.,Emmental and Gruyre are the most commonly used cheeses in a classic fondue,Section One Tactics for Listening,Part 1Listen to a reporter talking to Yves, a French, at an in
5、ternational food in Lausanne. Whats is Yvess eating habit? Complete the following grid.,about 8 oclock, or later,no more than ten or fifteen minutes,between one and two oclock,about an hour,about eight,over an hour,Section One Tactics for Listening,Part 2 Prediction and InferenceExercise: stampede:2
6、. ondol floor: 3. preoccupation;,a sudden rapid movement of a mass of people in response to a particular circumstance. (The particular circumstance here is the sale of unreserved seat tickets. ),a kind of floor heater.,a subject that one talks about a lot here.,Section One Tactics for Listening,Part
7、 2 Prediction and Inference 1. Four rock fans died in a stampede stmpid惊跑；人群的蜂拥 at a concert in Chicago. The incident occurred when gates were opened to admit a huge crowd of young people waiting outside the stadium for the sale of unreserved seat tickets. People were knocked over in the rush and tr
8、ampled underfoot as the crowd surged蜂拥而来 forward. 2. I used to live in Korea. It can get really cold during the winter, but the house I lived in had an ondol floor. Thats a floor with pipes in it. The pipes carry the heat. They heat up the whole floor. We sat on cushions on the floor. The entire flo
9、or was a heater. 3. We British are reputed to have something of a preoccupation with the weather. When two Englishmen meet casually, the traditional exchange is a comment on current climate conditions.,Section Two,Part 1Exercise; T 1. They are near the traffic lights.F 2. The woman should take the s
10、econd turning on the right. T 3. Ann should change gear to slow down. T 4. Ann probably doesnt notice that there are two cars behind her. F 5. The traffic lights change to red as soon as they have crossed the road. T 6. You should put the handbrake on when you park. T 7. Ann is having a driving less
11、on. T 8. Ann is probably a student.,Section One Tactics for Listening,Dialogue 1 A Driving Lesson Jack: Turn right at the next set of traffic lights. Ann: Sorry, right, did you say? Jack: Yes, right Ann, you should be slowing down a bit. Ann: I am, Jack. Jack: No, you should be changing down a gear*
12、 or two. Ann; But the lights are green. Jack: They are now. But they might not be in ten seconds time. Ann: There! Is that better? Jack: Now, you see, theyre changing to red, youll have to stop, but not too suddenly because there are two cars right behind you. Ann: All right. Jack: Ann, what should
13、you have done? Ann: Oh no! Ive forgotten to put the handbrake on. Jack: You must always use it. You never know, you could be on a slope. Ann: Im sorry. Jack. I cant concentrate today. Jack: Its all right. You must be thinking about the exam tomorrow. Lets call it a day!,Section Two,Part 1Exercise: 1
14、.D 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. C.,Dialogue 2,Section Two,Part 1Interviewer: In your experience, are people aware of body language? Dr Crowe: Well, er, people like actors, salesmen, politicians, have been reading and using body language for some time. But its a language that most ordinary people are not aware
15、of. People dont realise it, but only 7% of a message comes from the actual words we use. The rest, thats 93% of a message, comes from our tone of voice and body language. Interviewer: Really? Thats amazing! So if people dont understand body language, can this lead to misunderstandings? Dr Crewe: Oh
16、yes. Let me give you an example. I mentioned personal space? Interviewer: Yes. Dr Crewe: Well, as I suggested, people with a smaller personal space, like the Japanese, will stand or sit much closer to one another than people with a larger personal space, like an American. Interviewer: Urn-hum.,Dialo
17、gue 2,Section Two,Part 1Dr Crewe: Well, I, er, attended a conference recently in America and I noticed that when a Japanese was speaking to an American. the two actually began to move around the room. The American was moving backwards and the Japanese gradually moving towards him. Interviewer: Reall
18、y? Why was that? Dr Crewe: Well, because when the lapanese businessman, with his smaller personal space, moved forward, he entered the Americans larger personal space. This made the American uncomfortable, so he moved back. The Japanese in turn moved forward, the American moved back, and so on. In f
19、act, video recordings played at high speed give the impression that both men are dancing around the conference room, with the Japanese leading. Interviewer: So can this lead to misunderstandings? Dr Crewe: Well, of course. In the example I just gave you, it could lead to the Japanese businessman thi
20、nking that the American was cold and unfriendly, because he kept moving away from him. On the other hand, the American could think that the Japanese businessman was too aggressive. Not understanding another cultures body language can lead to all sorts of misunderstandings.,Dialogue 2,Section Two,Par
21、t 2 PassageExercise: A: Do you think one should refuse a lovers help if he or she knows that he or she will never be able to do the same to her or him, especially when one is seriously injured?,Made for Each Other (I),Part 2 PassageExercise: B: 1.A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7.C 8.B,Made for Each Othe
22、r (I),Section Two,Section Two,Part 2 PassageExercise: C: 1. He was badly hurt in a car accident.2. Because the schoolhouse was built with no difficult steps anywhere.3. Because Mark didnt want to spoil her life.4. She never thought of that and she always thought that he loved her.5. No, he did not c
23、hange his mind . He flatly refused Ruths offer.,Made for Each Other (I),Section Two,Part 2 PassageAs Ruth Taylors fiance was badly hurt in a car accident ,she decided to apply for a teaching job in Kinlocharm and make a home there.Hurriedly, Ruth explained the schoolhouse, so suitably built with no
24、difficult steps anywhere, and described the sort of life they would lead. “ Itll be a good place for you to get on with your writing,” she told him. “Ill come south the first possible weekend and well get married. Then Ill take you up there in an ambulance, I think, so that the journey isnt too much
25、 for you.”“And youd support us both,” Mark said evenly. “ Two stories having been accepted isnt very far on the road to being a profitable writer.”,Made for Each Other (I),Section Two,Part 2 PassageRuths heart sank. Shed never heard him speak in that bitter tone. Worse was to follow. “ No, Ruth, tha
26、t plans out,” Mark said firmly.He looked steadily at Ruth, and then continued.“It means that you might always have to support me financially and look after me, doing all the things I cant do for myself. What sort of life would that be for you? How soon would you think of me as a burden which had rui
27、ned your whole life? No, Ruth, it wouldnt work. Youd end up hating me instead of loving me and I couldnt stand that. It would be better if you went away now and forgot me, and that we never see each other again.”,Made for Each Other (I),Section Two,Part 2 PassageRuth sat speechless for a long moment
28、. At last she got out a few whispered words.“ I I thought you loved me, Mark.”“Its because I do that I wont spoil your life,” he returned. “Its no life for a woman to be tied to a helpless invalid who has to be carted around in an ambulance.”“ Oh, Mark, you cant want to be stay on here for ever,” Ru
29、th pleaded. “Theres a home all ready for you in Kinlocharn and Ive told people I would be bringing you.” “Then youll just have to tell them its all off,” he said flatly.Ruth couldnt believe this was happening. She felt as if she was in the middle of a bad dream.,Made for Each Other (I),Section Three
30、,Oral WorkRetelling Directions: Listen to a story and then retell it in your own words. You will hear the story only once . You can write down some key words and phrases.,Section Three,Part 1,Dialogue,bam n.(两物体相撞所发出的)嘭的一声vi. 发出嘭的一声： bump v. 碰撞，撞击；颠簸而行 blurry adj. 模糊的；污脏的；不清楚的 Weird wd adj. 怪异的；不可思议
31、的pretzelprets()l n. （美）一种脆饼干,Section Two,Part 1Exercise: 1.D 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. C.,Dialogue 2,Part 3 News,Words in the News,United Nations （UN）,The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations, to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform for dialogue. It co
32、ntains multiple subsidiary organizations to carry out its missions. 联合国成立於第二次世界大战结束后的1945年,用以取代国际联盟,去阻止战争并为各国提供一个对话的平台。联合国下设许多附属机构以实现其宗旨。,UN Security Council (UNSC),联合国安全理事会,The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations and is charged with the ma
33、intenance of international peace and security. 联合国安全理事会（简称联合国安理会）是联合国的六大主要机构之一。安理会负有维持国际和平与安全的责任。,Iraq； Syria,resolution,A resolution is a formal decision made at a meeting by means of a vote. 决议 e.g. He replied that the UN had passed two major resolutions calling for a complete withdrawal. 他回复说联合国已
34、经通过要求完全撤军的两项重大决议。,amendment men(d)m()nt,An amendment is a section that is added to a law or rule in order to change it. 修正案 e.g. .an amendment to the defence bill. 对辩护法案的一条修正案。,Coalition ,kl()n,A coalition is a group consisting of people from different political or social groups who are cooperating
35、to achieve a particular aim. 联盟,President Bush,乔治沃克布什（George Walker Bush， /drd wkr b/），1946年7月6日），为美国第43任总统。小布什是自本杰明哈里森在1888年的选举以来第一个输掉普选，但赢得选举人票而胜出的总统。 布什在2001年1月20日就职在担任总统之前，于1995年至2000年间担任第46任得克萨斯州州长。布什家族很早就开始投入共和党以及美国政治，布什的父亲是之前曾担任第41任总统的乔治赫伯特沃克布什，他的弟弟杰布布什也曾经担任佛罗利达州的州长，由于与父亲同样担任过美国总统，因此又常被称为小布什以
36、区别，而他父亲就被尊称为老布什。小布什总统任内遭遇了2001年的九一一事件，他因此发动了一连串所谓的“反恐战争”。在2001年10月他发动了阿富汗战争以推翻塔利班政权并铲除基地组织势力，接着他在2003年3月发动了伊拉克战争，推翻了萨达姆政权。 在经过激烈的选战后，2004年的选举中击败民主党参选人约翰凯里当选连任，他获得连任，并成功赢得普选和选举人票。任内小布什推行了1.3万亿元的减税计划、以及对于医疗保险和社会福利体制的改革，同时也推行了社会保守主义的政策，例如禁止堕胎的法案、以及反对承认同性婚姻的联邦法案提议。近年来，布什政府在反恐战争的正当性、关塔那摩湾事件、虐囚门事件、以及飓风卡特里
37、娜救灾工作的处置上遭遇到众多批评，他的施政存在极大争议，执政民调认可度在911事件之后也有逐渐下滑的趋势。 在美国在线于2005年举办的票选活动最伟大的美国人中，布什被选为美国最伟大的人物第六位3。,Background Information,联合国驻伊总部被炸伊拉克当地时间2003年8月19日下午5时许，设在伊拉克首都巴格达的联合国大楼遭到炸弹攻击，联合国驻伊拉克最高官员、安南秘书长特别代表塞尔希奥比埃拉德梅洛在爆炸中不幸身亡。联合国秘书长安南为此发表声明，指出德梅洛的身亡，对联合国和对他个人都是一个痛苦的打击。,科菲安南，联合国第七任秘书长(1997-2006)，也是第一位从联合国官员中
38、推选出来的秘书长。,revitalize ,rivatlaz vt. 使复活；使复兴；,advocate dvket n. 提倡者；支持者,安南任职期间的工作重点之一是全面改革联合国，重振联合国的威望，使国际体系运行更加有效。他是人权、法治、千禧发展目标与非洲活动的忠诚的拥护者。,Mr. Annan was awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize for Peace, jointly with the organization. 2001年安南和联合国共同荣获诺贝尔和平奖,通过加强联合国与民间团体、私营机构和其他合作伙伴之间的联系，安南努力使联合国与全球各国建立更加紧密的联系
39、,headquarters,The headquarters of an organization are its main offices. 总部,spokesman,n. 发言人 The government spokesman gave a quick briefing to the reporters. 政府发言人向记者们作了情况简介。,recall,If you are recalled to your home, country, or the place where you work, you are ordered to return there. 召回 (某人) The U.
40、 S. envoy was recalled to Washington. 该美国特使被召回了华盛顿。,in another development,in another related development 另据报道 ; 另据报导,EU 欧盟（European Union）,欧洲联盟（简称欧盟），是根据1992年签署的欧洲联盟条约（也称马斯特里赫特条约）所建立的国际组织，现拥有27个会员国。欧盟是世界上最有力的国际组织，在贸易、农业、金融等方面趋近于一个统一的联邦国家，而在 内政、国防、外交等其他方面则类似一个独立国家所组成的同盟。 The EU is an organization of
41、 European countries which have joint policies on matters such as trade, agriculture, and finance.,flare VERB (麻烦、暴乱、冲突等)加剧，升级，愈演愈烈 If something such as trouble, violence, or conflict flares, it starts or becomes more violent. Even as the President appealed for calm, trouble flared in several America
42、n cities. 尽管总统呼吁保持冷静，美国一些城市的骚乱仍有所升级。,interim government临时政府；过渡政府 martialm()l law 戒严令；军事管制 detain suspects 拘捕嫌疑人anti-terror sweeps 反恐行动 insurgent nsd()nt n. 叛乱者；起义者 state of emergency 紧急状态prime minister首相，总理 unanimously junnmsl adv. 全体一致地,Presidency Council 总统委员会 Council of Ministers n. 内阁会议，部长会议； Ca
43、binet 内阁 The cabinet is a group of the most senior advisers or ministers in a government, who meet regularly to discuss policies. 内阁 e.g. The announcement came after a three-hour cabinet meeting. 这项公告是在3小时的内阁会议之后发布的。,Exercise A: This news item is about an American Resolution about rebuilding Iraq ap
44、proved by the United Nations Security Council.,Exercise B: The United Nations Security Council has approved an American Resolution about rebuilding Iraq. All 15 Security Council members voted for the resolution. Syria has been the last undecided country. The resolution includes amendments proposed b
45、y Russia. France and Germany. However, the three countries said they would not provide troops or additional money for the American led coalition in Iraq. The three were leading opponents of the war in Iraq. The vote was the diplomatic victory for the United States and Britain. President Bush told th
46、e California group that the resolution would help make Iraq peaceful and free.,News Item 1,掌握新闻报道的结构,新闻报道往往采用“倒金字塔体”,所谓“倒金字塔体”也称为倒途法，即按新闻事实重要性的程度由要点到细节逐步扩展,安排全文。把最重要的事实置于全文的第一个句子中,这个句子被称为新闻导语(the news lead)。它传达给听众最关心最重要的事实。如:事件(what),时间(when),地点(where),人物(who),以及原因和方式(why, how)即新闻导语包含了我们常说的五个WH和一个H构
47、成的“新闻六大要素”。新闻导语是整条新闻的高度浓缩形式,听懂了导语,也就听懂了新闻的主要内容。当然,由于新闻报道的侧重点不同,有时新闻导语也可能只包含其中几个要素。例如: The United Nations Security Council has approved an American Resolution about rebuilding Iraq. 这一新闻导语包含了以下几个要素： What: an American Resolution about rebuilding Iraq has been approved Who: the United Nations Security
48、Council,新华网消息 联合国安理会16日以15比0的表决结果,一致通过美国提交 的伊拉克重建问题新决议草案。美国国务卿鲍威尔称他和布什总统均对表决结果“非常、非常”满意。他说，新决议将帮助美国劝说更多国家政府向伊拉克派兵参加国际稳定部队，并获得重建伊拉克所需要的资金。 一名联合国外交官当天透露，在叙利亚表示支持美国提交的伊拉克重建问题新提案后，该提案就有望在安理会获得一致通过。这名联合国匿名官员称，叙利亚将支持提案的决定告知了美国。美联社报道称,此举令美国官员喜出望外，因为他们原本认为只要争取叙利亚投弃权票，美国就算获得大胜。 此前德国总理施罗德当天已在布鲁塞尔宣布，德国、法国和俄罗斯将
49、在安理会对美国的新提案投赞成票。但是，三国将不会承担在伊拉克的任何军事义务。这一决定是德国总理施罗德、法国总统希拉克以及俄罗斯总统普京在当天举行45分钟电话会谈时作出的。正在马来西亚出席伊斯兰国家首脑会议的俄罗斯总统普京当天也表示，俄政府已就美国新提案与德法两国达成一致立场。巴基斯坦总统穆沙拉夫则说，由于美国表现出灵活性，他预计新提案将在安理会获得通过。 美国12日向安理会其他成员散发了一项有关伊拉克问题的新修正案，其中规定，在伊拉克建立一支由美国领导的多国部队。据美联社报道，法国外交官曾透露，法国和德国同意为伊拉克训练警察，但目前不清楚两国愿意为培训项目投入多少资金,Background Information,Exercise A: This news item is about,
