1、Revision of Junior English 初三英语复习,Adjectives and Adverbs 形容词、副词,区别几组易混淆的副词、形容词 already 常用于肯定句、个别疑问句yet 常用于否定句、疑问句 * The train has already gone.* They havent come back yet. such 修饰名词 so 修饰形容词、副词 *I have never seen such an interesting film.*This box is so heavy that I cant carry it., alone(单独、独自)作表语=b
2、y oneself lonely(孤独的)可作表语、定语* He lived alone, but he didnt feel lonely.* Its a lonely village. hard(努力地)hardly(几乎不)否定副词* She works very hard, and he hardly has a rest on Sundays.,The Comparative & Superlative Degrees of Adjectives & Adverbs,形容词和副词 比较级和最高级的构成,规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词 1) 一般情况加 er 或 est fast f
3、aster fastest high higher highest clever cleverer cleverest,规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词2) 以字母 e 结尾加 r 或 st fine finer finest late later latest nice nicer nicest,规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词3) 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写加 er 或 estfat fatter fattest big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest,规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 er
4、 或 est early earlier earliest easy easier easiest lucky luckier luckiest,规则变化 部分双音节和多音节词在词前加 more 或 most slowly - more slowly - most slowlyeasily - more easily - most easilycarefully - more carefully- most carefully,不规则变化good/well better best many/much more most little less least far farther farthes
5、t ( far further furthest )bad/badly/ill worse worst,形容词和副词 比较级和最高级的用法,1)表示两者（人或事物）的比较时用比较级，通常用连词 than 引导，表示“较”或“更一些”的意思*This cake is more delicious than that one.*Li Lei jumped farther than Jim (did).,2) 表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较用最高级，最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带of（in,among）短语来说明比较的范围*Shanghai is the biggest city
6、in China. *Lucy sings (the) best of all. *He is the most careful among us.,3) 在表示 “和一样” 和 “不及” 这类概念时，可以用 “as+原级+as” 和 “not as（so）+原级+as”的句型*Our teacher is as busy as before.*He does not run so (as) fast as I.,4) 可用much, still, a little, even, far,three years等表示程度的状语来修饰比较级*She is much taller than Mrs
7、.Liu. *He is three years older than I.*This problem is a little more difficult than the other one.,5)几种比较级的使用句型1.“ 比较级 + and + 比较级 ”表示“ 越来越 ”*Your English is getting better and better.你的英语越来越好了。*These days more and more people are learning English.现在学英语的人越来越多了。,2. “the + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“ 越就越 ”*The
8、more, the better. 越多越好。*The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙越高兴。,3.“ more (less) than ”表示“不止，不到”*She is more than thirty.她三十多岁了。*The lightest weighs less than 50kilograms.最轻的不到五十公斤。,4.“more or less”表示“差不多，或多或少”*The problem is more or less solved.这个问题差不多已经解决了。*Is it straight? More or less.它直吗？
9、差不多吧。,6)注意点形容词最高级前一定要用the，副词最高级前可省略 在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后常用one，that，those等词来替代前面提到过的名词*This pen is shorter than that one.*The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.,3.用or连接两项需作比较的内容时，须用比较级；若or连接三项或三项以上的内容时，则须用最高级*Who is taller, Mary or Jane?*Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?,7)掌握几
10、种同义句转换1. He is taller than any other student in his class. = He is taller than the other students in his class.= He is taller than any of the other students in his class.= He is the tallest (student)in his class.,3. I prefer maths to English. =I like maths better than English. 4. The box is too heav
11、y for him to carry.= The box is so heavy that he cant carry it.= The box is not light enough for him to carry.,Exercises,选择 ( )1 Who gets home usually _ in your family?A. the latest B. later C. early D. as late ( )2 The more we looked at the picture, _.A. we like it less B. the less we liked it C. b
12、etter we liked it D. it looked better ( )3 What a pity. Lucy ran _ than Lily.A. a few more slowly B. a little more slowly C. much more slowly D. little slowlier,A,B,B,( )4 Dont worry. Your baby is looked after _ here, the nurse are very _.A. careful, carefully B. carefully, careful C. care, careless
13、 D. careless, care ( )5 The idea became _ . He wanted to try _.A. strangly, it out B. strangly, out it C. strange, it out D. strange, out it ( )6 Beijing is _ biggest cities in China.A. the first B. one of C. the second D. second,B,C,C,用词的适当形式填空 1 He works very _. He _ has a rest on Sunday. (hard) 2
14、 _, he didnt fail in the exam.(luck) 3 He was so _ that he couldnt believe this _ news. (surprise) 4 He wont do it. I wont do it, _. (too),hard,hardly,Luckily,surprised,surprising,either,5 Mr. Green is feeling _ enough to go to work. (good) 6 The old man looks very _ than you think. (friend) 7 This
15、box is not so _ as that one. (heavy) 8 Lucy jumped _ of the four. (high),well,more friendly,heavy,highest,Pronouns 代 词,代词的分类人称代词 Personal Pronouns物主代词 Possessive Pronouns反身代词 Self Pronouns不定代词 Indefinite Pronouns指示代词 Demonstrative Pronouns疑问代词 Interrogative Pronouns,人称代词 Personal Pronouns数 单数 复数 人称
16、一 二 三 一 二 三 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us your them,1.人称代词作主语时用主格，作宾语时用宾格* They all like him very much.他们都很喜欢他。* She gave the books to you and me.这些书是她送给你和我的。,2.人称代词在作表语时，用宾格* Whos knocking at the door? Its me.谁敲门？-是我。3. 人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为 “第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”* You, she and I all en
17、joy the music. 你我她都喜欢音乐。,4.she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等* We love our motherland, we hope shell be stronger and bigger.我们热爱我们的祖国,我们希望她更强大。* The ship is leaving. Shes on her first trip to Boston.轮船要起航了。这是她第一次去波士顿。,5.it作为人称代词时，可以表示天气、距离、时间、环境等* What the weather like today? Its windy.今天的天气怎么样？- 有风。* Its about
18、five minutes walk from home to school.从家到学校的路程大约5分钟。,6.it可作为形式主语，将不定式、动名词等构成的主语后移，使句子显得平稳* Its hard to reach the apples.很难够到苹果。* Its good for you taking a walk after supper.对你来说饭后散步是有好处的。,物主代词 Possessive Pronouns形容词性 名词性my mine your yourshis hisher hersits itsour ours your yourstheir theirs,1.形容词性物主
19、代词在句中只能作定语* My brother is a worker.我弟弟是个工人。* His parents are very friendly.他的父母非常友善。,2.名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语* Whose dictionary is this? Its mine.这字典是谁的？ - 我的。* Our room is big and theirs is small.我们的房间大，他们的房间小。* You may use my pen. Ill use hers.你可以用我的笔，我用他的好了。,3.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代
20、词注意：名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系是单数还是复数。* These books arent ours. Ours are new.(our books = ours)* This is not our room. Ours is over there. (our room = ours),4.“of +名词性物主代词”表示所属* A sister of his is a nurse.他的一个妹妹是个护士。* Tom is a friend of mine 我的一个朋友,反身代词 Self Pronouns 单数myself yourself himself herself itself 复
21、数ourselves yourselves themselves,1.反身代词在句中可以作宾语、表语和同位语* He thinks more of others than of himself.他想到别人比想到自己更多一些。* That poor boy was myself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。* He himself was a doctor.他本人就是一个大夫。* I myself can work the problem out. 我能亲自算出这道题,2.反身代词有以下常见搭配enjoy oneself = have a good time by oneself = aloneh
22、elp oneself tolearn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. 注意：oneself 有单复数之分* I enjoy myself.* Children, help yourselves to some fish.,不定代词 Indefinite Pronouns不是指明代替特定名词（或形容词）的代词 all, each, every, both, either, neithernone, one, little, few, many, muchother, another, some, any, no 由some, any, no, every
23、 等构成的合成代词,几组在用法上容易混淆的不定代词1.some/any some（一些,某）一般用于肯定句中* There are some flowers in front of the house. any（一些,任何）多用于疑问句和否定句* Do you have any picture-books?,注意：some有时也可用于表示请求、征求意见的疑问句中* Would you like some meat?你想要些肉吗？* May I ask some questions?我可以问问题吗？* Could I have some apples?我可以吃苹果吗？ * Will you gi
24、ve me some water?你能给我些水吗？,2. many/much many 修饰或指代复数名词*There are many eggs in the basket.* Many of us like playing games. much 修饰或指代不可数名词* He doesnt know much English.,3.another/other another 泛指三个或三个以上中的另一个* I dont want this coat. Please show me another. other 后面接名词，泛指别的、其他的* Do you have any other qu
25、estions?,4. the other/others/the others the other 1. 特指两个中的另一个* He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a doctor.2. 修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些* Tom likes swimming, and the other boys in his class like swimming, too.,others泛指其他的人或物* He often helps others. * Some are playing basketball, others are playing
26、football. the others 特指确定范围内剩下的全部人或物* There are fifty students in our class. Twenty of them are girls, the others are boys.,5.few/a few/little/a little few/a few 修饰可数名词little/a little 修饰不可数名词 few, little 表示否定意义, 译为“没有几个”，“没有多少”a few, a little 表示肯定意义, 译为“有几个”，“有一点”,* There are few people living here.
27、这里几乎没人住。* There are a few students in the classroom.教室里有一些学生。* I know little English. 我不懂英语。* There is a little milk in the bottle.瓶子里有些牛奶。, few 和 little 与 quite 或 only 连用时，常加不定冠词 a* There are quite a few new books in the library.图书馆里颇有些新书。,6.every/each every单数名词,表示“每一个”,强调共性、整体,只作定语,形式上为单数.不与of 连用*
28、Every child likes playing games. each 表示“每一个”,强调个性,作定语主语、宾语和同位语,常与of 连用*Each student was asked to try again.*Each of them has a nice skirt.,7.all/none all “(全部)都”,表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时,一般放在连系动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前* We are all from Canada. They all like English. none “没有”,表示三者或三者以上都不,后常跟介词of（谓语动词单、复数均可） * None of
29、 us is/are afraid of dogs.,8.both/either/neither both “（两者）都”,作主语时看作复数；作定语时后跟名词复数* My parents are both teachers.=Both of my parents are teachers. neither “(两者)都不”,含有否定意义，作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数* Neither answer is right., either “两者中任何一个”,作主语时谓语用第三人称单数; 作定语时后跟名词单数* There are trees on either side of
30、 the street.= There are trees on both sides of the street.,有关词组及应用A.both of/either of/neither of* Both of them swim well.他们俩都游得很好。* Either of you goes to Beijing.你们俩随便谁去北京都可以。* Neither of them stopped to have a rest.他们俩谁都不停下来休息。,B.bothand（谓语动词用复数形式）eitheror/neithernor(谓语动词遵循就近原则)* Both Tom and Lucy
31、are in Grade Two.Tom 和 Lucy 都在二年级。* Either my father or my mother cooks at home.或者我爸爸或者我妈妈在家烧饭。* Neither he nor I am free today. 我和他今天都没空。,9.Something/anything/nothingSomebody/anybody/nobody 当形容词修饰这些不定代词时，常后置 * I have something important to tell you.* Is there anything else in the box?* Nobody can a
32、nswer the question.,指示代词 Demonstrative Pronouns表示空间和时间远近关系的代词 包括:this/that (单数) these/those (复数)1. this,these指在方位上较近的人或物 that,those指在方位上较远的人或物*This is my shirt, thats yours.*These TVs are made in China, those are made in Japan.,2.that,those常指前面提过的东西,以免重复*These boxes are heavier than those on the des
33、k.3.刚才提到的事情，在英文中用that*He was ill yesterday. Im sorry to hear that.,疑问代词 Interrogative Pronouns用来构成特殊疑问句的代词 常见有：who whom whose what which 通常做主语宾语定语表语* What makes you think like that ? 做主语 * Who(Whom) were you talking with? 做宾语,* Which bus do I need? 做定语* Whats your father? 做表语 注意：在口语中，Who和Whom通用， 但在介
34、词后只能用Whom*With whom did he play games?With who did he play games?(错),2. This film is less interesting than that one=This film isnt as interesting as that one=That film is more interesting than this one.,改错 1 Dont worry. There is little time left.2 His book is quite different from me.3 She has two ca
35、ts. One is white, another is black.,Dont worry. There is a little time left.,His book is quite different from mine,She has two cats. One is white, the other is black.,4 I have interesting something to tell you.5 Please give me it.6 Every of us wants to have a look at your photo.,I have something int
36、eresting to tell you.,Please give it to me,Each of us wants to have a look at your photo.,7 He sits in front of Jim and I.8 I like to receive letters but I do not like write it.9 He doesnt know what one to buy.,He sits in front of Jim and me.,I like to receive letters but I do not like write them.,H
37、e doesnt know which one to buy.,( )1 Is this your football, boys?No, it is not _A. yours B. our C. mine D. ours ( )2 The bird builds _ nest in the tree.A. her B. its C. its D. hers ( )3 The maths problem _ is wrong.A. himself B. he C. itself D. herself,D,B,C,( )4 _ want to see the film.A Every stude
38、nt B Each student C All of students D All the students ( )5 A lot of people have tried, but _ have succeeded.A. the few B. a few C. few D. little ( ) 6 _ of the four roads will take you to the hospital.A. Both B. Neither C. Any D. Either,D,C,C,( )7 I have five pencils, one is red, _ is blue and _ ar
39、e green.A. another, the other B. the other, others C. others, the others D. another, the others ( ) 8 I have found _ on the Internet.A. a few informations B. a little informations C. a few information D. a little information,D,D,( ) 9 I have Chemistry classes _ day, Monday, Wednesday and Friday.A. each other B. every other C. this and other D. all other ( )10 - _ is the man under the tree? - Jims father. A. When B. What C. Where D. Who,B,D,
