1、冠词 Article,一、定义 冠词是一种虚词,它用在名词的前面(相于名词的帽子),对名词进行限定。,不定冠词a/an, 冠词art. 定冠词the, 零冠词(即不用填)。,1. a与an,1. a/an都表示“一个”。 2. a用在辅音 开头的单词前。(半元音视为辅音)如:a book ; a dog ; a boy 3. an用在元音 开头的单词前。如:an apple ; an egg,不见元音,不施恩(n)。,想一想?,用a 或者an 填空: 1、_ hour ; 2、_ honest 3、_ university,1. A horse is_ useful animal. 2. He
2、 tells me_ ugly news. 3. Mary is _ honest girl. 4. Today is _ hot day. 5. He gives me _ old stamp. 6. He is _ one-eyed man. 7. There is _ “h” in the word “hotel”. 8. There is _ “P” in the word “physics”.,注意:“u” 虽是元音字母,但其发音可能是/ju:/, 其中/j/ 是辅音,所以当以U开头的单词,其发音是/ju:/的时候,只能用a,不能用an. 如: a university studen
3、t一个大学生。 a useful way 如果发音是元音的话,那就得用an.如: an unusual thing一件非同寻常的事,不定冠词a/an 的用法:,1. 表示数量“一”,比one 的程度弱一些。如:There is an orange on the desk.There is one orange on the desk. 2. 表示一类人或事物,不具体指哪一个。I am a boy. Its a book. 3. 用在固定搭配中。wait a minute ; a few days,2、定冠词 the,2、定冠词 the 的用法:,(1)用于方向、方位的名词前The sun ri
4、ses in the east.太阳从东方升起。There is a car in the middle of the road.路中间有一辆车。,(2)用于特指的某些人或物前 (双方都知 道) Open the door, please.(3)用于上文提到的人或事物 前He lives on a farm, the farm is not big.,(4)用于世界上独一无二的事物前;如果名词前有修饰语,也可能用不定冠词。 The sun is bigger than the moon.a bright moon (5)用在形容词前表示一类人。the poor, the old (6)用在姓氏
5、复数前表示一家人。The Greens are at table.,(7)用于序数词、形容词最高级及形容词only, very, same等词的前面。The island is the biggest of the three.January is the first month of the year.They are in the same class. (8)用于西方乐器前。I like playing the piano. (9)the +形容词比较级,the +形容词比较级越. 越The more, the happier. (10)用在固定搭配中。look the same in
6、the daytime,固定搭配延伸in the morning在早晨all over the world全世界go to the cinema去看电影in the end最后at the age of在岁的时候,定冠词 the,特指双熟悉,上文已提及,世上独一无二,序数最高级,某些专有名,习语及乐器。 特指双熟悉 颖琳走到高老师办公桌前,看到了泳怡,说Where is the teacher?,3. 零冠词,1. 在不可数名词前不使用冠词。如:Where there is life, there is hope.有生命就有希望。2. 在某些专有名词前不用冠词。如国家、人名、地名:Wuhan
7、is a big city in China.China is bigger than Britain.中国比英国大。Mr. Brown is very kind.,3. 如果名词前已经有this, that, these, those, whose, which, my, your, their, his, her, its, some, every等一类词时, 就不能再加冠词。e.g.: That is his bike.那是他的自行车。Whose is this car?这辆车是谁的?,4. 在四季、月份、星期等的名词前不用冠词。如:Tomorrow is Sunday.Summer i
8、s hot.Spring comes after winter.冬去春来。 5. 在表示交通手段的介词短语中和在公共节日、假日名称前不用冠词。如:Do you go by train or by ship?New Years Day新年/元旦 Christmas Day圣诞节National Day国庆节,在一个民族独有的节日前,往往要加the, 如: the Spring Festival春节 the Mid-Autumn Festival中秋节,6. 在球类、学科和三餐的名词前不用冠词。如:We often play basketball or learn Chinese after breakfast.早饭后,我们经常打篮球或学汉语。 7. 固定短语:go to school去上学 go to bed上床睡觉at home在家 at night 在夜里/晚上go for lunch去吃午饭in the hospital在医院里,如果三餐前有形容词修饰,也可以加冠词。如: a delicious dinner一顿美味的晚餐。,