1、Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia,Kicking Up Some Dust At first glance,dust storms do not seem very fascinating.Winds pick up fine particles from the ground,and then the air becomes thick with dust.What is interesting,though,is that dust storms can travel across the ocean,sometimes from continent to conti
2、nent.Such dust storms are worth investigating. In April of this year,a dust storm that originated in China and Mongolia took a six-day journey across more than ten thousand kilometers of sea and open land to Arizona in the United States.The cloud was so dense that it seemed as if the sun were settin
3、g early.At least one person thought a volcano had erupted.,Although traveling dust storms are nothing new,the dust now often contains chemical or metallic substances that contribute to respiratory1 illnesses and damage the environment.At present,some researchers in Asia are studying aerosol particle
4、s and their effects on the environmentand they have plenty of dust to work with. Dust storms are one of the repercussions2 of humans messing around with Mother Nature.Although they are a natural phenomenon,dust storms have been occurring more often,at shorter intervals,and with greater force in rece
5、nt years,and human activity is the cause. It is a fact that excessive3 herding of animals and exploitation of grasslands are responsible for the majority of dust storms.This means that dust storms are largely a result of human actions; in other words,they are controllable.,We seem to think,however,t
6、hat economic development and preservation of the environment cannot go hand in hand.For most countries,economic development comes first,at the expense of the environment.It is high time everyone came to grips with the consequences of overusing the earths resources,including the misuse of land in the
7、 pursuit of economic wealth.,译文 大地的怒吼沙尘暴 乍看之下,沙尘暴似乎不怎么引人注意。地面的细沙被风卷起,空气中便充满厚厚的灰尘。但有趣的是,沙尘暴能穿洋渡海,有时还能横越大洲。这样的沙尘暴值得我们去好好研究一下。 今年四月,源自中国大陆及蒙古内陆的沙尘暴,在六天中跨越了一万多千米的海洋与空旷陆地,最后到达美国亚利桑那州。阴云密布,就像太阳将提早要下山,有人居然以为是火山爆发了。 虽然移动的沙尘暴没什么稀奇,但现在那些沙尘通常含有引起呼吸道疾病和破坏环境的化学或金属物质。现在亚洲有一些研究人员正在研究悬浮颗粒及其对环境的影响他们要研究的沙尘可多着呢!,沙尘暴就是
8、人类任意破坏大自然,所造成的影响之一。沙尘暴虽是自然现象,但是近年来发生的频率却逐渐增加,间隔的时间也愈来愈短,破坏力更强大了,人类活动正是罪魁祸首。 事实上,沙尘暴形成的主要原因是过度放牧及滥垦草原,这表明沙尘暴大多是人的活动所导致,也就是说,它们是可加以控制的。 不过,我们似乎认为经济发展与环境保护无法同时兼顾。对大部分国家来说,经济发展是第一位的,为此可以不惜牺牲环境。然而,我们已过度使用了地球的资源,包括为了追求经济繁荣而滥用的土地,如今该是我们认真面对这个后果的时候了。,词海拾贝 1.respiratory /rIspIrt()ri/ adj.呼吸的 2.repercussion /
9、rip()kn/ n.反响,影响 3.excessive /IksesIv/ adj.过多的,极度的;过分的 理解诱思 What can we do to prevent dust storms? 答案:The answer is open.,理解诱思 1.Youre advised to pull your car off the road when a sandstorm occurs because of the following reasons except that . A.you may not see clearly B.the sandstorm may cause your
10、 vehicle to be stuck on the road C.others driving may not see your vehicle,causing an accident D.you may be scared 答案:D 2.What can we do to prevent sandstorms happening? 答案:The answer is open.,Section Introduction,Reading and Vocabulary,一,二,三,四,一、写作词汇 语境考查:预习Introduction,Reading and Vocabulary部分的词汇,
11、完成下列小对话或语段。 1.I experienced a hurricane last week! Really?That must be a (可怕的) experience. 2.We should take exercise to build up our (力量). I agree.We can also keep fit by doing so. 3.Smoking does damage to our health. So its necessary to start a (活动) against smoking.,frightening,strength,campaign,一,
12、二,三,四,4.As (市民),what should we do to keep our city clean? First of all,dont throw rubbish everywhere. 5.Do you know how much a sports bike costs? Does it mean youve decided to (骑自行车) to work? 6.Last week,I (遭遇) a sandstorm.It occurs frequently because many trees are being_ (砍伐).So to (阻止) it from ha
13、ppening,were supposed to plant more trees.,citizens,cycle,was caught in,cut down,prevent,一,二,三,四,二、阅读词汇 预习Reading and Vocabulary部分的词汇,完成下面的小短文。写出画线部分的汉语意思。 The weather forecast 1. today says that there will be masses of 2. clouds tomorrow and strong winds later on,which can cover the city in a thick
14、,brown-yellow dust 3. .All these result from the desertification 4. ,and it is a process 5. that happens when land becomes desert.In such weather,were advised to wear masks 6. .,预报,大块的,沙尘,沙漠化,进程,面罩,一,二,三,四,三、阅读课文“Sandstorms in Asia”,选择最佳答案 1.What is the best description about a sandstorm according t
15、o the passage? A.It is a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries. B.It is a strong dry wind carrying sand. C.It is a way to cause land to become desert. D.It is a kind of natural disaster that cant be treated.,答案:B,一,二,三,四,2.What is the main reason for the increase of sandstorms in Chi
16、na recently? A.It is close to many deserts. B.The worsening of the weather in China. C.It is a result of desertification. D.People plant trees and dig up grass.,答案:C,3.What is the best way to reduce the effects from the sandstorm? A.To live far away from deserts. B.To stay at home when a sandstorm h
17、appens. C.To wear mask if you want to go out. D.To plant more trees.,答案:D,一,二,三,四,五、根据课文内容填空 Sandstorms have been a major 1. for many Asian countries for centuries.Scientists have tried many ways to solve 2. . Sandstorms are strong,3. winds that carry sand.They are often so 4. that you cannot see th
18、e sun,and the wind is sometimes 5. enough to move sand dunes.The four main places in the world 6. there are sandstorms are Central Asia,North America,Central Africa and Australia.Ren Jianbo 7.a terrible sandstorm he experienced as a child in the desert.“To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terri
19、ble 8. ,” he said.“It was the most frightening and the most dangerous 9._ Ive ever been in.You just had to hope youd 10. .I thought I was going to disappear under the sand.”,disaster,it,dry,thick,strong,where,described,experience,situation,survive,1,2,3,4,5,It lasted for ten hours and was very frigh
20、tening.(教材Page 31) 它持续了10个小时而且非常可怕。 考点 frightening adj.吓人的;可怕的 Actually,competition is not as frightening as you think. 实际上,竞争并不像你想得那么恐怖。 考点延伸 (1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的词性及含义 Sorry,I didnt mean to frighten you. 对不起,我没打算吓唬你的。 词性 动词 含义 使惊恐;吓唬 I cant say a word with fright. 我因受到惊吓一句话也说不出来。 词性 名词 含义 惊吓;吃惊,1,2,3,4
21、,5,(2)阅读下列句子,体会frighten的相关短语及含义 Im frightened of walking home alone in the dark. 我害怕在黑夜里单独走路回家。 短语 be frightened of doing sth. 含义 害怕做某事 She was frightened by the mad dog. 她被疯狗吓着了。 短语 be frightened by 含义 被吓着 I jumped in fright. 我吓了一跳。 短语 in fright 含义 惊恐地 He frightened the little boy into giving him a
22、ll the money. 他恐吓那个小男孩,让他把所有的钱都给了他。 短语 frighten sb.into doing sth. 含义 恐吓某人做某事,1,2,3,4,5,(3)辨析:frightening和frightened frightening和frightened都是形容词,frightening表示主语或中心词的特征;frightened表示主语或中心词的感受。 Its frightening to think it could happen again. 想到此事可能再次发生就使人不寒而栗。 Although frightened,she answered with a ca
23、lm voice. 虽然她很害怕,但还是用平静的声音来回答。,1,2,3,4,5,The girl was frightened by the frightening sandstorm and stood there in fright without knowing what to do next. 那个女孩被可怕的沙尘暴吓坏了,惊恐地站在那里,不知如何是好。,be frightened of doing sth.害怕做某事 be frightened by 被吓着 in fright 惊恐地,1,2,3,4,5,1,2,3,4,5,“To have been caught in a sa
24、ndstorm was a terrible experience,” he said.(教材Page 32) 他说:“遭遇沙尘暴是一次可怕的经历。” 考点 be caught in 突然遭遇(风暴等) We have been caught in the rain and are wet all over. 我们遇到了大雨,全身都湿透了。,1,2,3,4,5,考点延伸 阅读下列句子,体会catch的相关短语及含义 Catch hold of this rope,and well pull you up. 抓住这根绳子,我们就会把你拉上来。 短语 catch hold of 含义 抓住;握住
25、We have done all that we could to catch up with them. 我们已经尽了一切可能来赶上他们。 短语 catch up with 含义 赶上 I caught sight of her getting on the bus when I came out of the bookstore. 我从书店出来时看见她上了公共汽车。 短语 catch sight of 含义 看见,1,2,3,4,5,The lady repeated her question several times but I still couldnt catch on. 那位女士
26、把她的问题重复了好几遍,但是我还是没听懂。 短语 catch on 含义 理解 Bob was caught fishing out of season. 鲍勃在禁捕季节捕鱼被人抓住了。 短语 catch sb.doing sth. 含义 抓住某人做某事 Although he was caught in a heavy traffic jam on his way to school at first,he finally caught the bus.On the bus,he caught sight of a thief who was caught stealing. 尽管一开始在上
27、学路上遇到严重的交通堵塞,他最后还是赶上了公共汽车。在汽车上,他看见了一个小偷,在盗窃时被抓住了。,1,2,3,4,5,catch hold of 抓住;握住 catch up with 赶上 catch sight of 看见 catch on 理解 catch sb.doing sth.抓住某人做某事,1,2,3,4,5,1,2,3,4,5,Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”.(教材Page 32) 因“荒漠化”越发严重,中国近年来发生沙尘
28、暴的次数明显增加了。 考点 as a result of 由于;因为 He has lost what he had as a result of his foolish behaviour. 由于他的愚蠢行为,他失去了他所拥有的东西。,1,2,3,4,5,考点延伸 阅读下列句子,体会result的相关短语及含义 As a result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 结果,人们会吃更多的食物来弥补丢失的东西。 短语 as a result 含义 作为结果;因此 【高考典句】(201
29、8天津)Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines. 错误使用灭火器将受到处罚。 短语 result in 含义 导致 His illness resulted from having bad food. 他的病是吃了变质的食物引起的。 短语 result from 含义 起因;由于,1,2,3,4,5,Ive been trying to open the box,but without result so far. 我一直在设法打开箱子,但到现在也没打开。 短语 without result 含义 毫无结果,He is addict
30、ed to playing games,which has resulted in his failure in exams.His parents and teachers have been trying to help him,but without result.As a result,he dropped out of school. 他迷恋上玩游戏,结果导致了考试不及格。他的父母和老师一直想帮助他,但是毫无结果。结果,他退学了。,1,2,3,4,5,as a result 作为结果;因此 result in 导致 result from 起因;由于 without result 毫
31、无结果,1,2,3,4,5,1,2,3,4,5,This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.(教材Page 32) 这是由于气候变化和人类砍伐树木、铲除草皮而使土地变成沙漠的一个过程。 考点 cut down 砍倒 We cut down and burn millions of trees every year. 我们每年砍伐、烧毁上百万棵树。,1,2,3,4,5,考点延
32、伸 阅读下列句子,体会cut的相关短语及含义 We need to cut the article down to 1,000 words. 我们需要把这篇文章压缩到1,000字。 短语 cut down 含义 缩小,削减 It is impolite for children to cut in when their seniors are talking. 孩子在长辈们谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。 短语 cut in 含义 打断(谈话);插嘴 The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. 这个城镇因为大雪而与
33、世界隔绝了。 短语 cut off 含义 使分离;使隔绝,1,2,3,4,5,She cut up the carrots and put them in the pot. 她把胡萝卜切碎放入锅中。 短语 cut up 含义 切碎;剁碎 You can cut out the unimportant information in the passage. 你可以删掉文章中不重要的信息。 短语 cut out 含义 删除;删去 The old man cut down all the dead trees and cut them up for wood;because the electric
34、ity was cut off and he had to make a fire using wood to cook meals. 这位老人砍掉所有的枯树并劈成木头。因为断电了,他不得不用木头生火去做饭。,1,2,3,4,5,cut down 砍倒;缩小,削减 cut up 切碎;剁碎 cut in 打断(谈话);插嘴 cut off 使分离;使隔绝 cut out 删除;删去,1,2,3,4,5,1,2,3,4,5,When a sandstorm arrives in the city,weather experts advise people not to go out.(教材Pag
35、e 32) 当沙尘暴到达北京时,气象专家们建议人们不要外出。 考点 advise vt. 建议;劝告,忠告 The doctor advised me to take more exercise.医生建议我多加锻炼。 考点延伸 (1)阅读下列句子,体会黑体词的词性及含义 Youd better take my advice. 你最好听从我给你的建议。 词性 名词 含义 劝告;忠告;建议 It is advisable to wear a mask in such bad weather. 在这样糟糕的天气,你最好戴上口罩。 词性 形容词 含义 适当的;明智的,1,2,3,4,5,(2)阅读下列
36、句子,体会advise的相关短语及含义 The manager advised holding a meeting to discuss it. 经理建议召开会议讨论这件事。 短语 advise doing sth. 含义 建议做某事 What are the elderly advised to do? 建议老年人做什么? 短语 advise sb.to do sth. 含义 建议某人做某事 (3)辨析:advise和persuade advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事(但不一定说服) persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事,1,2,3,4,5,The doctor advised him to cut down on smoking;he followed the doctors advice. 医生建议他少吸烟,他也听从了医生的建议。advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 advise doing sth.建议做某事,1,2,3,4,5,
