1、1初中英语选词填空解题技巧根据平时的观察，学生在做英语的“选词填空” 时，遭遇较多困难，有的甚至条件反射一样畏惧或厌烦。在此，分享平时积累的解题技巧和训练技巧略，希望能给同学们提供一点帮助。“选词填空 ”要求学生利用所给的 12 个词汇(一般有名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词和连词等)补全一篇有 10 个空缺的短文。要攻克这一难关，学生除了要进行大量的课外阅读，积累丰富的语言知识外，还需掌握一定的解题技巧。1.在拿到题目后， 不要急于看文章 ，首先 对备选的词汇研究 几遍，对 词性 作简单的标记 ，例如：名词-n.，动词-v.，形容词-a. ，副词-ad. 等等。同时对词义作初
2、步的理解。2.通读全文，语义完整、适用、合乎逻辑是做好填词的前提。通过上、下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容 ，注意 发现固定搭配 关系，凭借语感积极主动地 猜测空格 中所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。3.在选定单词后， 不要轻率地填入 。在填词过程中，需要瞻前顾后，既要符合本句的含义，又要 保证句式结构 的正确。对于 名词 ，要考虑是否要把它 变成复数 或 “所有格” 形式。例如：match-matches, friend-friends/friends。其他还要考虑 名词是否需要变成形容词 ，例如：sun-sunny, use-useful/useless/used, dang
3、er-dangerous；对于 动词 ，要有意识地去考虑 时态和语态的变化 以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式- to do, 现在分词-doing, 过去分词-done, 固定搭配-enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth. done)；对于 形容词和副词 ，要主动去判定它们之间的 相互转换 ，是否需要变成 比较级或最高级 ，还有以及 形容词变名词 的需求也需考虑，例如：interesting-more /the most interesting, happy-happily，happy -happiness;对于代词，注意 辨别主格、宾格、名词性
4、和形容词性物主代词或反身代词 的用法；对于数词，要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数和虚实数的用法，例如：three-third, 2/3-two thirds, one thousand/thousands of ；对于冠词，只需要在 a 或 an 之间判别，如 a girl /an old man;对于介词和连词时，就更简单，只要符合上下文逻辑或固定短语搭配，填入即可。为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，“ 名词”单复数要牢记，还有 s 不能弃，“动词”注意要变形，“ 形副”注意要用三种级，要填“ 数词”请留意，千万别忘 “基” 和“序”，填入“代词”需慎重，五格变化要谨记。
5、4. 完成填词后，应通读全文，复核校对。检查 单词拼写 是否正确，是否有 时态、语态 、 惯用法 及词语选用上的错误，以确保答案的正确性。最后把答案填入答卷时， 切勿错位 。 总结：做题技巧【选词填空】 做题技巧如下：1统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择范围。2根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性。进一步缩小词的选择范围,从而正确地选词。3利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如动词的人称数、时
6、态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing 形式；名词的数和所有格；代词的各种形式及单复数；形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。4复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，2复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口“读”出来。一、 考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1. join，take part in 参加(1)join 后面跟一个 组织，政党，社团，团体等 ， “参加并成为其中一名成员”eg. join
7、the Party 入党 join the League 入团 join the club_.另外，join sb. 是“ 参加到某人的行列 ”之意 eg. He joined us for dinner. _.(2)take part in （动词短语）指参加（ 某种活动 ）eg. Are you going to take part in the discussion? 他们上周一参加会议了吗？_.【固定搭配】be + adj. + 介词with sb.对（某人）发脾气 eg: Mother _(对我很生气) only because I had broken a cupat sth. 因
8、某事生气 eg: He _.(对我说的话感到很生气) be interested in 对感兴趣 eg: She is interested in music.be excited about 对感到兴奋 eg: Most foreigners are excited about _(see)the pandasbe surprised at 对感到惊讶 eg: All of us were surprised at that news.of 由组成；由构成 eg: 这张桌子是由木头制成的。_ be made from 由组成；由构成 eg:这种纸是由木头制成的._in 在生产或制造 eg:这
9、条裙子是在中国制造的。_【选词填空】 做题技巧如下：1统览全局，把握大意。要填的单词肯定是在一定的语言环境中才能确定。只有了解了短文的大意，把握了全局才能主导方向，从而有助于正确理解空缺词所在的句子，缩小词的选择范围。2根据语法，判定词性。一般的空缺都可以通过其所在的句式结构和句法成分来判断其词性。进一步缩小词的选择范围,从而正确地选词。3利用语境，确定词形。当确定了一个单词的词性后可通过上下文来帮助判断其形式。如动词的人称数、时态、语态、不定式、动词的-ing 形式；名词的数和所有格；代词的各种形式及单复数；形容词、副词的比较级以及基数词、序数词的转换形式等。4复读全文，验正答案。填完单词后
10、，不可孤立地逐个检查词，而必须将所有填入的词代入文章中，复读全文，仔细检查所填词是否符合文章的情景内容，读起来是否流畅，是否合乎句法，单词拼写是否有误，单词形式是否正确等。发现问题及时更正。通过再读全文，很可能利用语感将个别特别难的空处顺口“读”出来。 二、 典型例题 Thomas Edison was a great American 1_. When he was a child, he was always 2_ questions and trying out new ideas. No matter 3_ hard it was, he never gave up.Young Tom
11、 was in school for only three months. His teacher didnt understand why he had 4_ many strange questions. Most of them were not about his lessons. The teacher didnt want to teach Tom any 5_. He asked Toms mother to take the boy home. Toms mother taught him to read and write, and she found him 6_ a ve
12、ry good pupil. He learnt very fast and became very 7_ in science. how，much， safe， thank， play，be， invent， no， so，interest， must，ask 3One day, he saw a little boy 8_ on the railway tracks at a station. A train was coming near quickly, and the boy was too frightened to move. Edison rushed out and carr
13、ied the boy to 9_. The boys father was so 10_ that he taught Edison to send messages by telegraph. （一） 强化训练Mr. Brown had an umbrella shop in a small town. People sometimes 1_him broken umbrellas, and then he took them to a big shop in London. They were 2_there.One day Mr. Brown went to London by tra
14、in. He 3 _to take an umbrella with him that day. Sitting in front of him was a man with an umbrella standing 4 _the seat. When the train arrived in London, Mr. Brown 5_up the umbrella as he often did during his journey by train. Just as he was getting off, he was 6_by the man. He said angrily, “That
15、s 7_!” Mr. Brown s face turned red and he gave it back to the man at once. When Mr Brown got to the big shop, the shopkeeper had got his six umbrellas ready. After a good look at 8 _of them, he said, “Youve mended them very well.”In the afternoon he got into the train again. The 9_man was in the sam
16、e seat. He looked at Mr Brown and his six umbrellas, “Youve had a 10 _day,” he said.（二）all， any，behave，difference，drink，eat ，enjoy，fine，other，real，surprise，theseOnce there was a teacher who took all his students for tea. What made the students 1 _was that all the cups on the table were 2_. Each of t
17、hem took a cup and started 3 _their own tea, looking at the 4 _ cups.The teacher said; “Do you notice your 5_? You are all looking at each others tea cups and6 _of you even envy (羡慕) the 7_cups of others.“Then he went on: “I put the different cups here on purpose! Life is like 8 _tea. You all have t
18、he same thing in your cups tea. And yet you cant 9 _ enjoy it in your envy of anothers cup. You forget 10_your own life when you envy someone elses life. So now, taste your own tea! Does it matter from which cup it comes from?“（三）much , arm , wait, see, when , spend, she, worry , have , grow Only Mo
19、ther Love is true love. It gives everybody everything all his life. 1 _you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as much as possible. In your waking hours she always holds you in her 2_. When you are ill, she stops her work right now to look after you day and night and forgets about 3 _. W
20、hen you are 4 _up day by day, she feels very happy. When you are old enough to go to school, mother still looks after you all the time. On cold winter days, she always tells you to put on 5_clothes. She always stands in the wind 6 _for you back from school. When you hurry to leave home for school wi
21、th little breakfast, she always feels 7_about you at home. She usually knows about your study and 8 _much money on your school things. When you do well at school, the brightest smile will be 9 _on her face.Mother is always ready to give everything she 10_to her children, not to receive. What true love that is in the world! We will remember Mother Love for ever.forget， bring，mend，beside ，luck，pick，same，differently ，I ，every ， stop，each
