建筑术语.txt

1、a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据b. DESIGN STAGE 设计阶段c. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件d. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称e. ROOFING & CEILING 屋面及天棚 f. WALL(CLADDING) 墙体(外墙板)g. FLOOR & TRENCH 地面及地沟h. DOORS 、GLASS、WINDOWS & IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件I. STAIRCASE、LANDING & LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯j. BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AN

2、D PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语【 Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦】【Lime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石】【Cement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土】【Facing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料】【Asphalt (Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉】【Timber 木材】【llic Materials 金属材料】【Non-Ferrous l 有色金属】【Anti-Corrosion Materials 防腐蚀材料】 【Building Hardware 建筑五金】【Pa

3、int 油漆】k. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语【Discipline 专业】【Conventional Terms 一般通用名词】【Architectural Physics 建筑物理】【Name Of Professional role 职务名称】【Drafting 制图】a. DESIGN BASIS 设计依据计划建议书 planning proposals设计任务书 design order标准规范standards and codes条件图 information drawing设计基础资料 basic data for design工艺流程图 p

4、rocess flowchart工程地质资料 engineering geological data原始资料 original data设计进度 schedule of designb. STAGE OF DESIGN 设计阶段方案 scheme, draft草图 sketch会谈纪要summary of discussion谈判 negotiation可行性研究 feasibility study初 设计 preliminary design基础设计 basic design设计 detail design图 enquiry drawing工图 working drawing, constr

5、uction drawing工图 as built drawingc. CLIMATE CONDITION 气象条件sunshinewind roseprevailing wind direction(平 ) maximum (mean) wind velocitywind load(平 ) maximum (mean) rainfall及 电 thunder and lightninghurricane台 typhooncyclone度rainfall intensityannual rainfall度 wet bulb temperature 度 dry bulb temperature

6、frost period frost line frost zonecurrency1外计度 calculating outdoor temperature“地 region with heating provision“地 region without heating provisionfi 气fl absolute atmospheric pressurefi 度 relative humidityd. GENERAL ROOM NAME 常用房间名称currency1 office务用房 service room currency1 shift room休息currency1 rest

7、room (break room)currency1 living roomcurrency1 bathroom间 shower”currency1 locker room lavatory 门 lobbycurrency1 clinic工 间 workshop电气currency1 switchroom corridor案currency1 archive电梯房 lift motor room garage间 cleaning room会议currency1( ) conference room会议currency1 meeting room间 ward robe 间 H.V.A.C roo

8、m restaurant canteen, dining room房 kitchenentrancereception area会计currency1 accountant room书currency1 secretary room电气currency1 electrical room制currency1 control room工 currency1 foreman officecurrency1 switch gearcurrency1 antecabinet (Ante.) production area制 Mcc 用房 utility roomcurrency1 laboratory

9、room理currency1 manager room屋(楼) penthousecurrency1 guard housee. ROOFING AND CEILING 屋面及天棚 墙 parapetcanopy屋 roof ridge度 slope pitch水 water-shed油 2 layers of felt & 3 coats of bitumastic油 一 extra ply of felt eave overhanging eave沟 eave gutter平屋面 flat roof屋面 pitched roof水 downspout, rain water pipe)(R

10、.W.P)汇水面 catchment area水 flashing水 interior drainage外 水 exterior drainage滴水 drip屋面 水 roof drainage找平 leveling course卷材屋面 built-up roofing天棚 ceiling檩条 purlin屋面板 roofing board天花板 ceiling board防水 water-proof course检查孔 inspection hole人孔 manhole 吊顶 suspended ceiling, false ceiling板(窗帘盒) cornicef. WALL (C

11、LADDING) 墙体(外墙板)砖墙 brick wall砌块墙 block wall水砖墙 brick wall without plastering抹灰墙 rendered wall石膏板墙 gypsum board, plaster board空 砖墙 hollow brick wall承重墙 bearing wall非承重墙 non-bearing wall纵墙 longitudinal wall横墙 transverse wall外墙 external (exterior) wall墙 internal (interior) wall填充墙 filler wall防火墙 fire w

12、all窗间墙 wall between window空 墙 cavity wallfl顶 coping圈梁 gird, girt, girth玻璃隔断 glazed wall防潮 damp-proof course (D.P.C)遮阳板 sunshade阳台 balcony伸缩缝 expansion joint沉 缝 settlement joint抗震缝 seismic joint复合夹 板 sandwich boardfl型单板 corrugated single steel plate外墙板 cladding panel复合板 composite panel轻质隔断 light-weig

13、ht partition牛腿 bracket砖烟囱 brick chimney勒脚(基座) plinthg. FLOOR AND TRENCH 地面及地沟 地坪 grade地面和楼面 ground and floor素土夯实 rammed earth炉渣夯实 tamped cinder填土 filled earth回填土夯实 tamped backfill垫 bedding course, blinding面 covering, finish结合 bonding (binding) course找平 leveling course素水泥浆结合 neat cement binding cours

14、e混凝土地面 concrete floor水泥地面 cement floor器磨平混凝土地面 machine trowelled concrete floor水磨石地面 terrazzo flooring赛克地面 mosaic flooring 瓷砖地面 ceramic tile flooring油地 地面 linoleum flooring预制水磨 石地面 precast terrazzo flooring硬木花地面 hard-wood parquet flooring搁栅 joist硬木毛地面 hard-wood rough flooring企 板地面tongued and grooved

15、 flooring防酸地面 acid-resistant floor钢筋混凝土楼板 reinforced concrete slab (R.C Slab)乙烯基地面 vinyl flooring水磨石嵌条 divider strip for terrazzo地面做2 floor with 2% slope集水沟 gully集水 gulley水沟 drainage trench沟盖板 trench cover活动盖板 removable cover plate集水坑 sump pit孔翻边 hole up stand电缆沟 cable trenchh. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS &

16、 IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)门、玻璃、窗及五金件木 (钢)门 wooden (steel) door镶板门 panelled door夹板门 plywood door铝合金门 aluminum alloy door卷帘门 roller shutter door弹簧门 swing door推拉门 sliding door平门 side-hung door折叠门 folding door转门 revolving door玻璃门 glazed door密闭门 air-Tight door保门 thermal insulating door镀锌铁丝网门 galvanized steel

17、 wire mesh door防火门 fire door( 门上的)小门 wicket门框 door 门扇 door leaf门洞 door opening结构洞 structural opening单扇门 single door双扇门 double door疏散门 emergency door纱门 screen door门槛 door sill 门过梁 door lintel上冒头 top rail下冒头 bottom rail门边木 stile门樘侧料 side jumb槽 notch木窗 wooden window钢窗 steel window铝合金窗 aluminum alloy wi

18、ndow百叶窗 (通 为 ) sun-bind, louver (louver, shutter, blind)钢窗 plastic steel window空 钢窗 hollow steel window窗 fixed window平窗 side-hung window推拉窗 sliding window气窗 transom上 窗 top-hung window窗 center-pivoted window下 窗 hopper window活动百叶窗 adjustable louver天窗 skylight窗 dormer window密 双玻璃 sealed double glazing钢

19、筋混凝土过梁 reinforced concrete lintel钢筋砖过梁 reinforced brick lintel窗扇 casement sash窗台 window sill窗台板 window board窗 mullion 窗横木 mutin窗边木 stilefl缝条 cover mould窗帘盒 curtain box合 ( ) hinge (butts)转 pivot脚 parliament hinge闭门器 door closer地弹簧 floor closerbolt门 door lock拉 pull条 chain门 door hangerball latch窗 windo

20、w catchinsert bolt电动器 electric opener平板玻璃 plate glass夹丝玻璃 wire glass玻璃 clear glass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃) ground glass (frosted glass)防弹玻璃 bullet-proof glass石 玻璃 quartz glass玻璃 heat absorbing glass磨 玻璃 polished glass色玻璃 pigmented glass玻璃瓦 glass tile玻璃砖 glass block有玻璃 organic glassI. STAIRCASE, LANDING & LIFT (ELE

21、VATOR) 楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯 stair楼梯间 staircase疏散梯 emergency stair转梯 spiral stair (circular stair)吊梯 crane ladder梯 vertical ladderstep扇 winder (wheel step)板 tread 板 riser度 tread width防 条 non-slip insert (strips) railing (balustrade)平台 platform railing吊孔 railing around mounting hole handrail梯段度 height of flig

22、ht防梯 protecting cage (safety cage)平台 landing (platform)currency1 平台 operating platform平台 platform for loading & unloading楼梯平台 stair landing“梯 passenger lift梯 goods lift“/用梯 goods/passenger liftfl电梯 hydraulic liftfi动梯 escalatorfl 电梯 observation elevator电梯房 lift mortar room电梯坑 lift pit电梯 lift shaftj.

23、BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRASES 建筑材料词汇及短语Bricks and Tiles 砖和瓦砖 red brick土砖 clay brick瓷砖 glazed brick (ceramic tile)防火砖 fire brick空 砖 hollow brick面砖 facing brick地板砖 flooring tile砖 clinkery brick赛克 mosaic混凝土 ceramsite concrete璃瓦 glazed tile瓦 ridge tile石棉瓦 asbestos tile (shingle) 石棉水泥瓦 corrugated a

24、sbestos cement sheetLime, Sand and Stone 灰、砂和石石膏 gypsum理石 marble” white marble花 granite石 crushed stone毛石 rubble石 vermiculite pearlite水磨石 terrazzo石 cobble石 gravel砂 course sand砂 medium sand砂 fine sandCement, Mortar and Concrete 水泥、砂浆和混凝土水泥(通酸 水泥) Portland cement酸 水泥 silicate cement火灰水泥 pozzolana cemen

25、t”水泥 white cement水泥砂浆 cement mortar石灰砂浆 lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆(混合砂浆) cement-lime mortar保砂浆 thermal mortar防水砂浆 water-proof mortar酸砂浆 acid-resistant mortar 砂浆 alkaline-resistant mortar沥青砂浆 bituminous mortar筋灰 paper strip mixed lime mortar灰 hemp cut lime mortar灰缝 mortar joint素混凝土 plain concrete钢筋混凝土 reinfor

26、ced concrete轻质混凝土 lightweight concrete石混凝土 fine aggregate concrete沥青混凝土 asphalt concrete 混凝土 foamed concrete炉渣混凝土 cinder concreteFacing And Plastering Materials 饰面及粉刷材料水刷石 granitic plaster石 artificial stone刷浆 lime wash可赛 casein”浆 white wash灰 hemp cuts and lime as base”浆 sprayed twice with white wash

27、抹水泥砂浆 cement mortar plaster sectioned板条抹灰 lath and plasterAsphalt(Bitumen) and Asbestos 沥青和石棉沥青卷材 asphalt felt沥青填料 asphalt filler沥青 泥 asphalt grout油 adhesive bitumen primer沥青 asphaltic mastic沥青丝 bitumastic oakum石棉板 asbestos sheet石棉 asbestos fiberTimber 木材缝 crack split shake缩 shrinkage warping原木 log木

28、 round timber方木 square timber板材 plank木条 batten板条 lath木板 board red pine” white pine叶 deciduous pine spruce木 cypress” white poplar木 birch fir木 oak木 willow木 elm木 cedar木 teak木 camphor wood防腐 理的木材 preservative-treated lumber合板 plywood(五)合板 3(5)-plywood企 板 tongued and grooved board夹板 laminated plank合夹木材 g

29、lue-laminated lumber板 fiber-boardbamboollic Materials 金属材料色金属 ferrous l钢 steelbBar方钢 square steel钢 steel strap,flat steel型钢 steel section (shape)槽钢 channel钢 angle steel边钢 equal-leg angle 边钢 unequal-leg angle工 钢 I-beam工 钢 wide flange I-beam( ) 钢 T-bar (Z-bar)型钢 light gauge cold-formed steel shapehot-

30、rolledcold-rolled拉 cold-drawnfl cold-pressed合金钢 alloy steel钛合金 titanium alloy锈钢 stainless steel节钢筋 corrugated steel bar变 钢筋 deformed bar钢筋 plain round bar钢板 steel plate钢板 thin steel plate低碳钢 low carbon steelcold bending钢 steel pipe (tube)无缝钢 seamless steel pipe焊 钢 welded steel pipe铁 iron pipe镀锌钢 gal

31、vanized steel pipe铸铁 cast iron铁 pig iron熟铁 wrought iron镀锌铁皮 galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁丝 galvanized steel wire钢丝网 steel wire mesh孔金属网 expanded l锰钢 managanese steel 度合金钢 high strength alloy steelNon-Ferrous l 有色金属金 gold”金 platinum铜 copper黄铜 brass青铜 bronzesilver铝 aluminum铅 leadAnti-Corrosion Materials 防

32、腐蚀材料聚乙烯 polythene, polyethylene尼龙 nylon聚氯乙烯 PVC (polyvinyl chloride)聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate聚苯乙烯 polystyrene 丙烯酸树酯 acrylic resin乙烯基酯 vinyl ester橡 衬 rubber lining氯橡 neoprene沥青漆 bitumen paint氧树 漆 epoxy resin paint氧 锌 漆 zinc oxide primer防锈漆 anti-rust paint酸漆 acid-resistant paint 漆 alkali-resistant paint水玻璃 s

33、odium silicate树 砂浆 resin-bonded mortar氧树 epoxy resinBuilding Hardware 建筑五金钉 nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threaded roofing nail纹石膏板钉 annular-ring gypsum board nail螺丝 screws平头螺丝 flat-head screw螺栓 bolt通螺栓 commercial bolt 螺栓 high strength bolt预埋螺栓 insert bolt胀锚螺栓 cinch bolt垫片 washerPaint 油漆漆 primer防锈 漆 rust-inhibit

34、ive primer防腐漆 anti-corrosion paint调和漆 mixed paint无 漆 flat paint漆 varnish粉漆 aluminum paint磁漆 enamel paint性油 drying oil稀释剂 thinner焦油 tar沥青漆 asphalt paint桐油 tung oil, Chinese wood oil丹 red lead铅油 lead oil腻 puttyk. OTHER ARCHITECTURAL TERMS 其它建筑术语Discipline 专业建筑 architecture土木 civil给 水 water supply and

35、drainage总图 plot plan“通 H.V.A.C (heating、ventilation and air conditioning)电力供应 electric power supply电气 electric lighting电讯 telecommunication仪表 instrument力供应 heat power supply动力 mechanical power工艺 process technology pipingConventional Terms 一般通用名词建筑原理 architectonics建筑 architectural style民用建筑 civil arc

36、hitecture城市建筑 urban architecture农村建筑 rural architecture农业建筑 farm building工业建筑 industrial building重工业的 heavy industrial轻工业的 light industrial古代建筑 ancient architecture现代建筑 modern architecture标准 建筑 standardized buildings属建筑 auxiliary buildings城市规划 city planning厂 within site厂外 offsite闭 closed type敞 open

37、type半敞 semi-open type模数制 modular system单位造 unit cost概 preliminary estimate承包商 constructor, contractor现场 site扩建 extension改建 reconstruction防火 fire-prevention防震 aseismatic, quake-proof防腐 anti-corrosion防潮 dump-proof防水 water-proof防尘 dust-proof防锈 rust-proof流 traffic volume流 freight traffic volume人流 pedest

38、rian volume视图 perspective drawing建筑模型 building modelArchitectural Physics 建筑物理illumination度 degree of illumination亮度 brightnesssunshine天然“ natural lightinglight intensity侧 side light顶 top light眩 glaze方位 azimuth辐射 radiationfi流 convection传 conduction遮阳 sun-shade保 thermal insulation恒 constant temperatu

39、re恒 constant humidity噪音 noise隔音 sound-proof音 sound absorption露点 dew point隔汽 vapor-proofName Of Professional role 职务名称项目 理 project manager (PM)设计 理 design manager首席建筑师 principal architect总工程师 chief engineer土木工程师 civil engineer工艺工程师 process engineer电气工程师 electrical engineer械工程师 mechanical engineer计划工程

40、师 planning engineer助理工程师 assistant engineer实习 probationer专家 specialist, expert制图员 draftsman技术员 technicianDrafting 制图总说 general specification工程说 project specification“用标准规范目录 list of standards and specification adopted图目录 list of drawings平面图 plan局部放 图 detail with enlarged scale平面示意图 schematic plan of

41、.平剖面图 sectional plan of. 留孔平面图 plan of provision of holes剖面 section纵剖面 longitudinal section横剖面 cross (transverse) section立面 elevation立面 front elevation视图 perspective drawing侧立面 side elevation背立面 back elevation图 detail drawings典型节点 typical detail节点号 detail No.首 front page图目录及说 list of contents and de

42、ion图例 legend示意图 diagram草图 sketch简图 load diagram流程示意图 flow diagram标准图 standard drawing布置图 layout of .地 图 topographical map土方工程图 earth-work drawing展图 developed drawing模板图 formwork drawing配筋 arrangement of reinforcement表 tables工程进度表 working schedule技术 济指标 technical and economical index建、构筑物一览表 list of

43、buildings and structures编号 coding序列号 serial No.行和 rows and columns备注 remarks级 grade straight Line curves折 zigzag line虚 dotted line实 solid line hatching line点划 dot and dash line axis contour Line center Line双 hyperbola物 parabola tangent Line dimension Lineroundannular方 squarerectangle平行 边 parallelogr

44、am triangle五 pentagon hexagon octagon梯 trapezoid圈 circlesagment扇 sector的 spherical物面 paraboloidconeellipse, oblong面 area体 volumecapacity重 weight质 mass力 forcemetercentimetermillimeter hectate牛 /平方 Newton/square meter克/立方 kilogram/cubic meterfootinchpoundtongallonkip平 average dimension变 variable dimen

45、sion外 overall dimension展 developed dimensioninside diameter外 outside diameter重 net weight毛重 gross weight数 quantity百 percentage空 clearance headroomclear distanceclear span面 sectional dimension间 bay进 depth单 single span双 double span multi-span标 elevation, levelfi标 absolute elevation 设计标 designed elevat

46、ioncurrency1外地面标 ground elevationcurrency1 地面标 floor elevation网 column grid标 coordinate厂 地 site area用面 usable area助面 service area通面 passage area pipe rack pipeline gallery空 overhead pipeline水沟 drain ditch集水坑 sump pit fountain地 floor drain火栓 fire hydrant火器 fire extinguisher氧 碳火器 carbon dioxide exting

47、uisher代火器 halon extinguisher 1、 currency1和“36fiGREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIONS2、 fl谈语 24fiTALKING ABOUT LANGUAGES 3、 和间20fiDATES AND TIMES4、 天气和 20fiWEATHER AND ENVIRONMENT5、 会议上34fiAT THE MEETING6、 工程项目20fiENGINEERING PROJECT 7、 计划进度20fiPLANNING AND SCHEDULING8、 技术资料图34fiTECHNICAL DOCUMENTS AND DRAWING

48、S9、 用工程20fiUTILITY10、 工现场44fiAT THE JOB SITE11、 设备检 30fiINSPECTION OF THE EQUIPMENT12、 土建工程18fiCIVIL ENGINEERING13、 工械18fiCONSTRUCTION MACHINERY14、 常用工 22fiCOMMON TOOLS15、 工程材料18fiENGINEERING MATERIALS16、 设备24fiERECTION OF THE EQUIPMENT17、 工艺22fiPROCESS PIPING18、 质 理20fiQUALITY CONTROL19、 和工30fiTEST RUN AND START-UP