1、Positive, Comparative &Superlative,“比较”出来的英语,1. A friend is easier lost than found. 2. Enough is as good as a feast. 3. Better to do well than to say well. 4. Better the last smile than the first laughter. 5. Doing is better than saying. 6. Two heads are better than one. 7. Good to begin well, bette
2、r to end well. 8. An eye finds more truth than two ears.,朋友易失不易得。 知足常乐。 说得好不如干得好。 宁可最后微笑，不可首先狂喜。 会说不如会做。 两人智慧胜一人。善始好，善终更佳。 百闻不如一见,基本用法,1） 如果要表达人与人、事物与事物之间是相似的，就可以用as 或是 like。此外，so do I, neither / nor do I 等也表示相似。 2） 当要表达的事物之间在某一方面一样时，可用 asas（后接形容词或副词）和 as much / manyas（后接名词或动词）结构。 3） 表达事物之间差别的结构可采用
3、more (than) 或 less (than)，后可接形容词、副词、动词或名词。,特殊比较级,(1)作否定比较时可用“less+ 形容词原形+ than”，如：This computer is less expensive than mine.这部电脑没有我的贵。John is less clever than Tony. 约翰没有托尼聪明。 (2)表示“越来越”使用“比较级+ and+ 比较级”（more and more）结构，如： Its getting hotter and hotter. (3)表示“越越、”使用the more the more结构，如： The harder
4、you work, the more you will get.,(4)“no+ 比较级+than”的特殊含义： You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。 He is no richer than us. 他跟我们一样穷。,(5)no more than 表示“不多于、仅仅”，no less than 表示“不亚于，和一样”，如： She is no more than 16 years old.她只有16岁。 He looked like a manager, but in fact he is no more than a bellboy. 他看起来象个经理，但事
5、实上他只是个门童。 She is no less active than she was.她跟以前一样不活跃。,(6) more than 表示“与其说倒不如说”，如： Hes more brave than wise. 与其说他机智，不如说他勇敢。,7、表示最高级的特殊结构,(1)no, nothing, cant, never 等否定词+ 比较级，如： Nobody can sing better than her in our class. (= She sings best in our class) I have never seen a taller man. (=He is th
6、e tallest man I have ever seen.) (2) than any other, than anyone else, than any of the other+ .等结构，如： He runs faster than anyone else in his school. She plays the guitar better than any of the others in her class.,练习：,但要注意比较的范围，如果主语属于“than”后面的范围中的一部分，就一定要使用else或other，如： He is taller than any other b
7、oy in his class (对比：He is taller than any girls.),这个书架上的书比那个书架上的书有趣.The books on this shelf are more interesting than the ones（those）on that shelf,一、比较对象不明,比较级句型中的前后比较对象要保持一致。若前一个比较对象是不可数名词，那么后一个比较对象则可用that替代，若是可数名词，则可用one，ones或those替代，这些替代词不可以没有。例如： 李明在他班里比任何学生都聪明。 误：Li Ming is cleverer than any st
8、udent in his class 正：Li Ming is cleverer than any other student in his class,他们的英语书比我们的多得多。 误：They have much more English books than we 正：They have many more English books than we,二、误用修饰语,比较级前常可有much，no，any，rather，far，a little，a lot，even，still等词来修饰，但是，当比较结构为“more复数名词”时，要用many来修饰，而不能用much。若是more后跟不可数
9、名词则用much来修饰。如： The little boy has much more bread than his sister,他比我高一头。 误：He is taller a head than I 正：He is a head taller than I 这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。 误：This room is as twice large as that one 正：This room is twice as large as that one,三、词序不得当,对比较级中一些复杂句子的语序混淆不清，只考虑了中文意思，却忽略了英语习惯表达方式 : 汤姆似乎不如吉姆那样是个好孩子。 误
10、：Tom doesnt seem to be as a good boy as Jim 正：Tom doesnt seem to be as good a boy as Jim 当asas这种结构表示同等程度的对比与名词限定词a或an连用时，形容词总是放在a或an的前面。,她工作越努力，取得的进步越大。 误：The harder she worked，the more she made progress 正：The harder she worked，the more progress she made 析：在此句型中，当比较级的形容词修饰宾语时，宾语要紧接在比较级形容词之后。,A whale
11、 is no more a fish than a horse is. 分析：本句虽然短，但要理解和正确翻译并不容易。首先，no more 可以换成 not any more；其次，than 后面的部分，表面上看上去是肯定的，但是实际上是否定的。这个 no morethan 的真正意思是 notjust asnot（不正如不一样），than 的前后两部分都是否定的。注意它和 not morethan 的区别：not morethan 的意思是“不比更”。,译文：鲸不是鱼，正如马不是鱼一样。 A whale is no less a mammal than a horse is. 分析：no l
12、essthan正好与 no morethan 意思相反，than 前后两部分都是肯定的，它的意思是 quite asas （是也是）。再者，注意它和 no lessthan 的区别：no lessthan 的意思是“在方面不亚于”。译文：鲸是哺乳动物，正如马是哺乳动物一样。,The aims of our present-day culture are avowedly ease and material well being: shorter hours; a shorter week; more return for less accomplishment; more soft-soap
13、excuses and fewer honest, realistic demands. 分析：本句虽然很长，却是简单句。句子的主干是 the aims are avowedly ease and material well being，除此之外，后面的全部与aims 是同位语关系，进一步说明aims 。比较结构用的是形容词的比较级 shorter hours, more return。翻译时采用顺序法。形容词的比较级则译为汉语的偏正结构。,译文：我们当代文明承认的目标就是追求舒适和物质享受：每天的工作时间越来越短；每周的工作日越来越少；以少的成就换取多的报酬；姑息宽容的理由越多，正当而又实际
14、的要求就越少。,Marriage has never been more popular and desirable than it is nowso appealing in fact, that even those who are in the process of divorce can scarcely wait for the law to allow them to marry again.,译文：婚姻从未像现在这样受大众欢迎，为大众所渴望。事实上，婚姻是如此地吸引人，以至那些正在办理离婚手续的人，几乎等不到法律的判决，就想再度结婚了。,_（液体密度越大），the easier it is to float on it. Since my childhood I have found that_ (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力). The more you explain, _(我愈糊涂). The more exercise you take,_(你越不大可能得感冒).,The denser a liquid is nothing is more attractive to me than readingthe more confused I am the fewer chances you will have of catching a cold,
