1、Words and expressions,cultural adj. 文化的；教养的,culture n. 文化，文明；修养；栽培 cultured adj.有教养的；人工培养的；讲究的 cultured v. 栽培；教化（culture的过去分词） culturally adv. 从文化角度，文化意义上；在人文学方面,relic n. 遗迹，遗物；废墟；纪念物,Any relic of the dead is precious, if they were valued living. 死人的任何遗物都是珍贵的，如果他们生前就被人重视的话。,rare adj. 稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的,熊猫是
2、稀有动物，需要得到保护。,e.g Pandas are rare animals, which need protection.,It is rare for sb. to do sth. 某人难得/很少做某事,e.g 他很少不按时交作业。,It is rare for him not to hand in his homework on time.,rarely adv. 不常；很少；难得,注：rarely, seldom, never等表示否定意义的副词用于句首时，句子用部分倒装（即一般疑问句形式）,e.g I have rarely seen such a beautiful sunse
3、t.,Rarely have I seen such a beautiful sunset.,她很少向我们求助。,She rarely turned to us for help.,Rarely did she turn to us for help.,valuable adj. 贵重的；有价值的,e.g 我想要你给我一些有价值的建议。,I want you to give me some valuable advice.,短语：be valuable to(prep.).,对有价值,你的建议对我很有价值。,Your advice is very valuable to me.,value,n
4、. 价值；重要性,be of value to= be valuable to,Your advice is of value to me.,valueless adj.,无价值的；没用的,survive, vi. 幸存；生存；生还,A car accident happened to him yesterday, but luckily, he survived. 昨天他遭遇了车祸，但幸运的是他活了下来。,短语：survive from. 从中留存下来,许多奇怪的风俗从古代留存了下来。,Many strange customs have survived from earlier times
5、., vt. 经历后依然存在着；幸免于 其宾语一般是表示事故、战争、疾病或灾难的名词,e.g 这个六岁的女孩在地震中幸存了下来。,The six-year-old girl survived earthquake.,n. survival 生存；幸存survivor,幸存者；残存着；生还者,in search of 寻找 （of后面接寻找的目标或对象）,为了寻找她的妹妹，他去了北京。,e.g Tony went in search of water.托尼找水去了。,He went to Beijing in search of his younger sister.,search,n. 搜寻；
6、寻找,e.g After a long search, they found the lost child at last.,经过长时间的搜寻，他们终于找到了那个走失的孩子。,v. 搜寻；搜查,短语：search sb./someplace (for sth.) 搜某人的身/搜某地（以寻找某物）,search for 寻找；搜寻 =look for,为了找我的表，我搜遍了房间的每个角落。,I searched every corner of my room for my watch.,你在找什么？,What are you searching for?,Exercise:They were w
7、alking around the town_ a place for the party.A. in search of B. to search C. searching of D. searched for,A,A,He _ all his pockets for his ID, but he failed. A. searched B. searched for C. in search of D. looked for,amaze vt. 使吃惊；惊讶,e.g 他在英语方面取得了很大的进步，这让我很吃惊。,He made great progress in English, whic
8、h amazed me.,amazed adj. 感到吃惊的,amazing adj.,令人惊奇的,amazement n. 惊奇（状态）,be amazed at/by sb./sth. 对某人/物感到惊奇be amazed to do. 惊奇地做,他在英语方面取得了很大的进步，这让我很吃惊。,I was amazed at his great progress in English.,= I was amazed to see his great progress in English.,select vt. 挑选；精选,短语：,select sb. to do sth.,select A
9、 as/ to be B,e.g The boss selected him to finish the projest.,老板挑选他来完成这个项目。,We selected Rose as/to be our monitor.,挑选某人做某事,挑选A作为B,我们挑选罗斯作为我们的班长。,design,1. n. 设计；图案；构思；意图,make design for 为设计/规划 by design= on purpose 故意地,n.,e.g 你应该规划你的未来。,You should make design for your future.,2. v. 设计；计划；构思,be desig
10、ned for 为而打算/设计 be designed to do 目的是做,e.g 这个项目目的是帮助老人。,This project is designed to help old people.,v.,designer,n. 设计师,fancy,1. adj. 奇特的；异样的；精致的,2. v. 想象；设想（用法与imagine一样）；以为；喜欢,fancy (sb.) doing sth. 设想/喜欢(某人)做某事 fancy that+从句 想象/以为.,e.g Do you fancy going to see a movie tonight?,你想不想今晚去看场电影？,我喜欢雨中
11、漫步。,I fancy walking in the rain.,他以为她喜欢他。,He fancies that she likes him.,3. n. 幻想；爱好；迷恋,have a fancy for. 迷恋；喜欢,e.g 我喜欢吃冰淇淋。,I have a fancy for ice cream.,大多数孩子喜欢动物。,Most children have a fancy for animals.,style n. 风格；风度；类型；文体,in(+adj.).style 以的风格in the style of(+n.). 以的风格,以奇特的风格,e.g in fancy style,
12、他买了一副毕加索风格的画。,He bought a painting in the style of Picasso.,be in style=be popular 流行的；时髦的,过时的；不流行的,be unpopular,be out of style=,decorate vt.,装饰；装修,decorate A with B 用B装饰A,e.g 我们用鲜花装饰圣诞树。,We decorate the Christmas tree with flowers.,授予（某人）殊荣,be decorated for 因而获得殊荣,e.g 他因勇敢地与敌人斗争而获得荣誉,He was decora
13、ted for fighting against enemy bravely.,decoration n.,装饰品；奖章,Exercise:On my eighth birthday I received a pencil box_ with some cartoon pictures on the top.A. decorating B. decoratedC. to decorate D.decorates,解析：该剧句子成分不缺，由此判断空格后的动词应为定语。a pencil box与decorate之间为被动关系：a pencil box was decorated with.。故用过
14、去分词作后置定语修饰a pencil box.,B,jewel Cjewellery（英）/ jewelry（美）U: 总称Exercise:Women always spend too much money on_.A. jewel B. jewelleries C. jewels D. a jewellery,珠宝；首饰,C,belong vi. 属于;为的一员,belong to 属于,注：to是介词；此短语不能用于现在进行时和被动语态,e.g 这辆车是我爸爸的。,The car belongs to my dad.,Exercise:As known to us all, China
15、is a developing country _ the third world. A. belonging B. belonged C. belonging to D. belongs to,解析：选C。belonging to 在此处为现在分词作定语，修饰前面的developing country。,C,belongings n. （个人的）财产；所有物;随身携带物,e.g 我们能做些什么来报答他们的帮助呢？,in return 作为报答；回报,=in reward,in return for =in reward for 作为对的回报,What can we do in return/
16、 reward for the help,Exercise: Hes given me so muchn help; I teach his daughter English_. A. in turn B. by turns C. in return D. in answer,in turn 轮流;依次 by turns 轮流 in answer 回答；答复,C,与in相关的其他短语：in turn in trouble in case in time,依次；轮流；反过来,处于困境中,万一；以防万一,及时；迟早,troop n.群；组；军队(作“军队,部队”解时,通常用复数形式troops),
17、a troop of 一群；一组,e.g 一群来访者抵达。,A troop of visitors arrived.,vi.群集；结队；成群前行,troop into 列队走进,e.g 学生们列队走进教室。,The students trooped into the classroom.,at war (with) (和）处于交战状态,e.g 曾经有段时期中国和日本处于交战状态。,There was a time when China was at war with Japan.,“介词+名词”表状态的短语： at: at work在工作/ at table 在吃饭/ at play 在玩耍
18、on: on show 在展出 / on duty值班/ on sale 出售/ on holiday 在度假/on trial 在实验中 in: in trouble在麻烦中 / in danger 处于危险中/in secret 秘密地 under: under discussion正在讨论 / under construction正在建造中 / under control 被控制住,remove,（to take something away from, out of, or off the place where it is),vt. 搬开；去掉；消除；免职,常与“from“连用,e.
19、g 如果你再迟到的话，你将被学校开除。,If you are late again , youll be removed from school.,removal n. 搬开；除去；免职；撤除,removable adj.,remover n.,可以除去的；可以免职的,迁移者；搬运工；清除剂,e.g nail-polish remover,指甲油清除液,doubt n./ v. 怀疑；疑惑,n. 常与of或about连用，表示“对的怀疑”,I have some doubts about his honesty.我有些怀疑他的诚实。,in doubt 可疑的；未确定的beyond/ witho
20、ut/ no doubt 毫无疑问地；确实地There is/ was no doubt that 毫无疑问，,毫无疑问，他是我们班最优秀的学生。,There is no doubt that he is the best student in our class.,vt.,1. doubt本身被否定时，其后的宾语从句用that引导。,e.g We dont doubt that he can do a good job.,我们并不怀疑他能把这事做得很好。,2. 若doubt本身是肯定形式时，其后的宾语从句用if或whether引导。,e.g 我怀疑他们能否按时来。,I doubt if/wh
21、ether they will come on time.,doubtful adj. 令人生疑的；不确定的doubtless adj. 无疑的；确定的；必定的,Exercise:1. Dont you doubt_ he will win?A. whether B. ifC. that D. when2. She doubts_她怀疑这个故事是否真实。,C,if/whether the story is true.,worth n. 价值；作用 (=value)prep. 值得的；相当于的价值,be worth+名词/代词 (当名词为金钱时,表示“值钱”）,e.g 这幅画值500 美元。,T
22、he picture is worth $ 500., sth.+be worth doing 某事值得被做（主动表被动）,e.g 这部电影值得一看。,This movie is worth seeing.,这个问题不值得讨论。,The question is not worth discussing.,Exercise: I dont think the film you told me about this morning is worth_.A. seeing B. being seenC. to see D. to be seen,A,you told me about this,mo
23、rning,sth.+be worth doing 主动表被动,the film is worth seeing,take apart 拆卸；拆开,（若为代词，放在take与part之间）,e.g 这个男孩把玩具汽车拆开了。,The boy took apart the toy car.,apart adv. 分离地；分别地,apart的短语：fall apart 崩溃；土崩瓦解；解散apart from 除了（=besides/ except for),Exercise:Dont _my mouse _unless you make sure you can put it together.
24、A. take; out B. fall; apartC. set; down D. take; apart,D,trial n. 审讯；审判；试验,常见搭配：on trial 在审讯中；在试验中by trial and error,反复试验；在失败中找出解决方法,e.g 他通过反复试验获得了成功。,He succeeded by trial and error.,explode v.,爆炸；爆破；爆裂,e.g 那个爆竹在他手里爆炸了。,The firecracker exploded in his hand.,(指感情）迸发 ，常与介词with, in, into连用,explode wit
25、h laughter,explode with anger,哄然大笑,勃然大怒,注：explode无被动语态。,explosion n. 爆炸（声）；迸发,explosive adj. 爆炸性的；易爆的；暴躁的；猛增的,think highly of 看重；器重；对评价很高/赞赏,=think much/well/ a lot of,e.g 他很器重他女儿。,He thinks highly/a lot/well of his daughter.,think little/poorly/badly/nothing/ lowly of 不器重;不重视,注：用于被动时，副词要提到动词前。,他被他的老板高度赞扬。,He was highly thought of by his boss.,e.g 所有的游客对她的服务评价不高。,All visitors thought little/poor/lowly of her service.,debate n.辩论；讨论 vt. 争论；辩论,常见搭配：,have/hold a debate 举行一次辩论,under debate 在辩论中,the debate on . 关于的辩论,a lively/heated debate,一场活跃的/激烈的辩论,
