1、高考新题型高考新题型 之之概要写作概要写作议论文Pre-learning CheckingHow to find the topic sentences ?Try to draw a conclusion based on the pre-learning materials演绎法 撰写，遵循从一般到个别的写作程序，即以概述开句，随之 辅加 细说。1. 给予例证、解释或说明的段落 ，首句后常见词： for example， takeas an example2. 下定义的段落； thats to say; to be exact段首 是 主题 句 ：1. 阐述一个不 太 常见的或难以令人接受的
2、观点的段落2. 旨在说服读者相信其论点 的段落用归纳法撰写，先表述细节或交代论据，最后做出概括性的结论，以总结性句子收尾。 常见词： as a result; in a word, to conclude, in fact, therefore等段尾 是 主题句：1.引题或例证 主题思想 解释或进一步给予例证。2.段 意转折 ，一般作者往往把中心意思放于转折后。常见词： however, but, on the contrary, nevertheless， instead等3.出现于过渡句或疑问句之后。段 中 主题句：In the past a lot of people were relu
3、ctant to shop online. Many were worried about the security of entering their card details on the Internet and thereliability of the Internet. But with shopping online becoming more widespread, it hasnt slowed down the increasing numbers of online shoppers. As the BBC reports ,average spending online
4、 this Christmas in America will rise to $240 or so.A. In the past a lot of people were reluctant to shop online.B. Many were worried about the security of entering their card details on the Internet and the reliability of the Internet.C. But with shopping online becoming more widespread, it hasnt sl
5、owed down the increasing numbers of online shoppers. D. As the BBC reports ,average spending online this Christmas in America will rise to $240 or so.Further ConsolidationArgumentation(议论文 )To inform or explain an opinion by providing materials. Task PresentationHow to summary an argumentation?The S
6、tructure of ArgumentationOpinionsSupporting ideasConclusionReading1.Underline the topic sentence of each paragraph.2. Clarify the structure of the passage according to the topic sentences.By todays standards, my mobile phone is pretty rubbish. Its a Nokia 1616, a small, not very heavy device with wh
7、ich you can send and receive calls and messages. Except that, my phone doesnt do much. Its nothing compared to a smartphone. Why would I want one of those?I have often been told that the big advantage of having a smartphone is that: “You can do everything with them!” Okay, they may have endless func
8、tions, but generally they are just used for checking social networking sites, playing games, and receiving and replying to emails which can be performed well by my laptop.As far as I can tell, the best thing about having an smartphone is that you can be connected to the Internet all the time. I love
9、 the Internet, but I just dont see the point of constantly being online. I would think that if someone needed me urgently, they would just ring me rather than send an email.One typical effect of the smartphone is, in my opinion, the addiction to maps and navigations(导航 ) system. Is there anything mo
10、re boring than knowing exactly where you are all of the time? How do you get to know an area if you dont get lost there a few times? It is true that we all occasionally need to be pointed in the right direction, but we can experience much more if turning to the real life humans.There are many benefi
11、ts of having a very basic mobile phone, like the fact that it cost me about twenty pounds, and that I dont have to worry too much about it being stolen. But the main benefit has to be the fact that it provides me with the worlds greatest excuse for my bad habits. Whether its turning up late to event
12、s, or forgetting about an appointment at work, Im covered with: “Im sorry. I dont have a smartphone.”Topic SentencesPara.1 Why would I want one of those ? Para.2 Generally they are just used for checking socialwhich can be performed well by my laptop. Para.3 I just dont see the point of constantly b
13、eing onlinePara.4 It is true that ,but we can experience much more if turning to the real life humans.Para.5 But the main benefit has to provides me withthe worlds greatest excuse for my bad habits. The Structure of ArgumentationOpinions:Supporting ideasPara.2Para.3Para.4Para.5Para2, Para3, Para4 :
14、arguments against the advantages ofsmartphones Para5: A main advantage of a basic mobile phoneTip1:Choose the proper conjunctions based on the structuresecondly;besides,firstlythirdlymore importantly,Para.1Para.1 Why would I want one of those ? Tip 2: Use a statement instead of a questionsuggested p
15、hrases experience a lot Tip 4: Focus on the key words in topic sentencesuggested phrases Asking for directions by communication rather thanwill .The Language of ArgumentationSupporting ideassuggested phrases experience a lot;by communication; rather than.If, you may not ;4. . help me do, find a good
16、 excuse Ving can help meMake an OutlineWritingFinish your summary writing in ten minutesHow to write a summary(argumentation)1.Read 2.Make an outline 3.Rewrite4. Make it coherent5. Revise6. neatly copy-Topic sentences , structure, key supporting wordsSummarizationPPT模板下载： 行业 PPT模板： 节日 PPT模板： PPT 素材下载： PPT图表下载： 优秀 PPT下载： PPT教程： Word教程： Excel教程： 资料下载： PPT 课件下载： 范文下载： 试卷下载： 教案下载：
