1、1高中英语词汇汇编abandon vt. go away from( a person or thing or place) not intending to return; desert 放弃，抛弃 词组 abandon ones home 离弃家园abandon ones wife 遗弃妻子an abandoned baby 被抛弃的孩子abandon ones research for lack of fund 由于缺乏资金放弃研究abandon oneself to 沉溺于ability n. capacity or power to do sth physical or mental
2、 能力词组 to the best of ones ability 尽自己最大努力例句 I believe your ability to bring out the best in others. 我相信你有充分发挥别人潜力的能力able adj. having knowledge or skill; capable 有能力的， 能干的 反义词：unable词组 be able to do be capable of 有能力做某事辨析 able capable两个都指“有才能的” ， able 所指的意义，高过 capable 一级如 an able man 能应付各种事情的人（指非常的）
3、，而 a capable man 能应付自如的人（指寻常的） ；capable 也可以用于贬义，表示此人什么事都干得出来。aboard adv. prep. on or into a ship, an aircraft, a train or a bus 在船（或飞机，车）上；上船，登机, 在船（或飞机，车）上词组 go aboard 上船（飞机）welcome aboard 请上船（飞机）about prep. on the subject of (sb/sth); concerning or regarding 关于；around 在周围；在各处；大约adv. (indicating po
4、sition, state, etc) here and there in (a place) 各处，周围词组 be about to 刚要；正准备例句 He was about to leave when it began to rain.How about? What about? 关于怎么样？How about going to watch a football game? 去看足球赛怎么样？辨析 be to do be going to do be about to dobe to do 表示计划或安排要做的事 be going to do 表示打算要做但还没有安排好何时做的事be a
5、bout to do 表示某时突然想要做某事或表示过去刚要做某事时这时另一件事发生了,这时常与 when 词组例句 We are going to visit our former English teacher this winter holiday.这个寒假我们打算去看看我们以前的英语老师。We are to visit our English teacher on Feb 5th.2二月五日我们去看看我们的英语老师。I was about to leave home when the doorbell rang.我刚要出门，这时门铃响了。above prep. higher than s
6、omething 在上面；高于；超过 反义词：belowadv. 在上面词组 above all 最重要的是above average 超过平均水平as indicated above 如上所示above-mentioned 上述的absent adj. not present 缺席,心不在焉 反义词 presentv. fml to keep oneself away （正式）缺席，不在词组 be absent from 缺席 be present at 出席absent-minded 心不在焉的 absent expression 茫然的表情in the absence of= in on
7、es absence 有谁不在场in the presence of= in ones presence 有谁在场展开 absence n. 反义词 presenceabsolute adj. complete, total 十足的，道地的；绝对的，完全的词组 an absolute idiot 十足的傻瓜absolute power 绝对的权利展开 absolutely adv. 完全地；极其absorb vt. take sth in; include sth/sb as part of itself 吸收；接受；把并入；吸引（注意力，精力等）词组 be absorbed in 全神贯注于
8、（同）be lost in; concentrate ones attention/ mind onfocus ones mind/ attention onabstract adj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a phycial or practical existence抽象的 反义词：concretean abstract noun 抽象名词n. 摘要，梗概词组 in the abstract 抽象地说，一般地说accept v. take (sth offered) willingly 接受，认可 adj. acc
9、eptable 可以接受的辨析 receive 表示“收到” ，而 accept 表示“接受” ，其反义词为 refuseI received his invitation yesterday but I did not accept it.昨天我受到了他的邀请，但是没有接受。admit 表示“接纳” ， “吸收”某人加入某一组织，团体等Soon he was admitted to British citizenship.不久之后他便被接受为英国公民。3access n. means of approaching or entering( a place) 通道；opportunity or
10、 right to use sth or approach sth 接近；接近的机会；享用权词组 a man of easy access 容易接近的人have access to 可以到达（进入） ；能够使用（接近）例句 The only access to that building is along the muddy track.进入那幢大楼的唯一通道就是这条泥泞的轨道。Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case.只有几个人可以获取这个案例的全部事实。展开 accessible adj. 容易接近，得到或使用a
11、ccident n. event that happens unexpectedly and causes damages, injury, etc.意外事件，事故词组 a traffic accident 交通事故by accident 偶然（同）by chance accidentally(反)on purpose例句 He owes his success to a mere accident 他的成功出于偶然展开 accidental adj. 偶然的accompany vt. to go with, as on a journey 陪伴，陪同；to happen or exist a
12、t the same time 伴随，和一起发生；to make supporting music for 为伴奏（或伴唱）例句 I was accompanied to the airport by my wife. 妻子陪我到机场。Suffering accompanied war. 灾难总是伴随着战争一起。He sang a folk song, accompanied by his wife at the piano. 他唱了一首民歌，他妻子钢琴伴奏展开 company n. 陪伴 keep sb. company陪伴accomplish v. to succeed in doing;
13、 finish successfully; perform 实行，完成词组 accomplish ones purpose 达到目的accomplish nothing 一事无成accomplish wonders 创造奇迹an accomplished young lady 多才多艺的少女展开 accomplished adj. 熟练的，已完成的，有教养的辨析 accomplish complete finish achieve fulfilaccomplish指通过努力完成（某一任务，使命） ，取得（成就） ，达到（目的）等complete 较 accomplish 更具体，指把建筑，工程
14、，书籍等完成finish 指完成日常琐事，接动名词作 “结束”讲，而 complete 则不能如此。另外，finish 指消极性的“完成 ”辨析： I have finished the book. 我已读完这本书了。I have completed the book. 我已写完这本书了。fulfil 完成（计划，任务） ，达到（目的） ，强调的是对预期的或保证过的事情圆满完成，达到预想的目的和要求。4I had fulfilled many of my youthful ambitions.我已实现了我年轻时的许多抱负。展开 achieve指排除困难，完成伟大功业，取得成就。accordin
15、g adv. 按照；根据词组 according to 根据accordingly adv. 相应地account n. a written or spoken report; description 记述，描述，报告n. a record or statement of money received and paid out, as by a bank or business, esp. for a particular period or at a particular date 账，帐户n. 解释，说明vi. account for 说明的原因，是的原因vi. account for （
16、在数量，比例方面）占词组 give an account of 叙述；报告pay ones account 付帐keep accounts 记账on account of 由于；因为on no account 决不takeinto account=take account of=take into consideration 考虑of no account 不重要的on account 以赊帐方式展开 accountant n. 会计人员accuse v. to charge(someone)with doing wrong or breaking the law; blame 指责词组 ac
17、cuse sb. of sth.= charge sb.with sth. 控告某人，指责某人the accused 被告the accuser 原告展开 accusation n. 指责，控告accustomed adj. being in the habit of; used to 习惯于；regular, usual 通常的，惯常的词组 表示“习惯于”be (get, become, grow) accustomed to sth.be (get, become, grow) used to doing （变得）习惯于adapt (oneself) to adjust (oneself)
18、 to 使自己习惯于accustom oneself to例句 This is her accustomed hour to get up. 这是她惯常的起床时间ache n. a continuous pain 疼痛vi. to have or suffer a continuous dull pain 疼痛，酸痛合成词 toothache 牙疼headache 头疼5stomachache 胃疼辨析 ache pain hurtache 指一种辨析持久的疼痛，或因小病或失调引起的感觉I have an ache in my stomach. 我胃疼。He is aching all ove
19、r. 他浑身痛。pain 指人体感到不舒服，是一般用语，可指身体或精神方面的痛I have a sharp pain in the neck. 我的颈部痛得很。hurt 指身体或精神的伤害，指“疼痛”时，为不及物动词What you have said hurt her. 你说的伤到她了。My fingers still hurt now. 我的手指还在痛。achieve vt. to finish successfully(esp. something, anything, nothing) 完成，实现，达到vi. 成功词组 achieve ones aim 达成目标achieve noth
20、ing 一事无成achieve success 成功achieve a general increase in production 实现逐步增长辨析 （见 accomplish 词条）展开 achievement n. 成就，成绩acquire vt. to get for oneself by ones own work, skill, action, etc.取得，获得；学到词组 acquire a property 得到一笔财产acquire a large vocabulary 学到大量词汇acquire confidence 获得信心辨析 acquire get obtain ga
21、inacquire 指（经过一个过程或通过自己的努力才） “获得” ， “习得”get 为一般用语，表示“得” ， “取得”等，常用在口语中obtain 比 get 文雅些，指凭着努力，要求等而“得到”Further information can be obtained from our head office. 可以从我们总部获得更多信息gain “取得” “赚得（利益等） ”，含优势和成就等意味。Nothing can be gained without an effort. 不劳则无获。across prep. from one side to the other of 穿过， 横过，
22、 在的对面adv. 从 边到另一边；宽，横词组 come / run across 碰到某人或遭遇某事get across 惹（某人）不高兴put across 哄骗（使相信或接受）get sth. across 使人理解,领会put sth. across 讲清楚，使人听懂The stream is 6 feet across. 这条小溪六尺宽。He was unable to get across to the group what he meant.他无法让人了解他什么意思。We must learn how to put our ideas across. 我们必须学会讲清楚我们的观点
23、。6辨析 across throughacross 指平面的穿过through 指空间的穿过辨析 across the river/ street/ desert/ plainthrough the forest/ window/ gateact vi. To take action 行动；做，做事；to represent ( a part) or perform by action 表演vt. 扮演（角色）n. 行为，动作；法令；条例词组 act on/ upon 1. 根据行事2对产生影响，对起作用act on the teachers instructions 遵照老师的指令Acids
24、 act on metals. 酸对金属起作用。in the act of 正做的过程中an act of great daring 英勇的行为an education act 教育法例句 She acted wisely in this matter. 她在这事上做得很明智。He wasnt acting like himself. 他的举止反常。He acts very well in the play. 他在剧中演得很好He acted Romeo. 他演罗密欧。action process of doing something n. 行动词组 take action 采取行动out o
25、f action 不（再）起作用，不（再）运转go /come into action 开始战斗，开始行动辨析 action act activityact 指短暂，个别的，具体的“行为”action 偏重于抽象的，占时较长的“行为” ， “行为过程” ，更具有连续性。activity 指活动例句 The thief was caught in the very act of stealing.小偷在行窃时被逮捕。Firm action must be taken to prevent such an accident from happening again.必须采取果断措施以防止此类事故再
26、度发生。展开 classroom activity 班级活动action 也常指做事的方法或效果action of a runner/ a medicine 跑步者的动作（药的作用）actions 泛指人们的行为，常与呼应Actions speak louder than words. （谚语）事实胜于雄辩注：我们可以有如下表达a foolish/ kind/ brave act (or action)= an act( not action ) of foolishness/ kindness/ bravery7active energetic; quick; lively adj. 积极的
27、，主动的词组 be active in = take an active part in 积极参加actively adv. 积极地adapt v.make sth suitable for a new use, situation etc. 使适应，使适合；. v. alter or modify( a text) for televison, the stage, etc. 修改，改编词组 adapt oneself to 使自己适应，习惯（见 accustomed 词条）adapt to 适应add v. put something together with sth else so a
28、s to increase the size, number, amount etc.加，添加；进一步说（或写） ，附带说明词组 add up to = amount to = total = come to 合计达，总计add to 增加add up 加起来add to ones confusion/ difficulty 增加困惑，困难例句 Three added to four makes seven. 3 加 4 等于 7Add all these figures and see what the total is.把这些数字加起来，看看是多少。addition n. adding,
29、esp calculating the total of tow or more numbers 加；加法词组 in addition = besides 另外，加之in addition to = as well as = besides 除之外（还有）展开 additional adj. 附加的，另外的address n. details of where a person lives, works or can be found, and where letters , etc may be delivered 地址，住址；n. speech made to an audience 演说
30、，讲话vt. （在信封或包裹上）写姓名，地址；向 作（正式）讲话；对发表演说；称呼；处理词组 address oneself to 向讲话，致力于辨析 address speech lecture report talkaddress 指较正式隆重场合上所作的 “演说”speech 普通用语，指在公共场合所作的经过准备的或无准备的 “发言”lecture 学术性的“演讲” “讲座”report 事件及局势的报道（报告）或下级给上级的报告talk 非正式的讲话，用与较随便的场合I went to a lecture he gave on literature.a political report
31、I must have a long talk with him.adequate adj. sufficient 足够的，适当的；胜任的 反义词：inadequate辨析 adequate sufficient enoughadequate 着重符合一个客观要求或标准，兼有 “适当”之意8sufficient 较偏重分量或数量的“足够” ，多用语书面语enough 常用语，也较偏重分量或数量的“足够”His wages are adequate to support the family.他的工资足够养家了。adjust v. alter (sth) by a small amount so
32、 that it will fit or be right for use; regulate 调整；调节词组 adjust oneself to 调整以适应（见 accustomed 词条）adjust to 适应例句 The body quickly adjust ( itself ) to changes in temperature.身体迅速自行调节以适应气温的变化。admire vt. regard sb with respect, pleasure, satisfaction etc. 赞赏，钦佩词组 win the admiration of 赢得的赞赏be the admira
33、tion of 成为（是）.的欣赏对象have/ display an admiration for 对非常佩服（欣赏）展开 admirer n. 崇拜者admirable adj. 可佩的admirably adv. 可佩地，非常地admiringly adv. 钦佩地，赞叹地admiration n. 欣赏，赞赏admit vt. allow sb/ sth to enter 允许进入，使进入；容纳；容许recognize or acknowledge sth as true, confess sth. 承认+that clause/ doing/ n./ pron.词组 admit do
34、ing sth 承认；同向admit (having made )ones mistakes 承认犯了错误be admitted into 被录取例句 Only important personages were admitted to the opening ceremony.只有 VIP 才可参加开幕式This matter admits of no delay. 这件事不容拖延。This ticket will three to the concert. 一张票可供三个人听音乐会。George would never admit to being wrong. 乔治从不认错。I admi
35、t my mistake that I was wrong. 我承认我错了。展开 admission n. 准许进入，入场费，费用advance v. come or go forward 前进，向前移动；make progress 取得进展；increase (a price)（价格等）上涨；pay before it is due to be paid 预先发放，预先支付；bring (an event) to an earlier date 提前，使提前发生；make a present (a claim or suggestio, etc) 提出（建议等）n. 前进，前移；进展，改进；
36、（价格等）增加；预付（款等）adj. 预先的，先行的 词组 in advance 在前面；预先，事先9展开 advanced adj. 先进的，高级的；年迈的，后阶段的advantage n. conditon or circumstance that gives one superiotiy or success (esp when competing with others) 优势，好处 反义词：disadvantage词组 take advantage of 利用（某人的处境，弱点等） ；利用（机会等）= make use ofhave (give sb.) an advantage o
37、ver （使某人）在方面辨析有利；胜过have the advantage of 在某方面有优势to sbs advantage 对（某人）有利turn sth. to advantage 使发挥作用，充分利用例句 His British upbringing gives him certain advantages over other applicants.他在英国成长受教育，这一背景使他比其他应征者略胜一筹。He has the advantage of speaking four languages over others.相比其他人，他有能说四门语言的优势。The lawyers l
38、etter said she would hear something to her advantage.律师的信上说她会听到对她有利的消息。展开 advantageous adj. 有利的adventure n. unusual, exciting or dangerous experience or undertaking 冒险（性） ；冒险活动；冒险经历；激动人心的活动（经历） ；奇遇辨析 adventure ventureadventure 指如探险等一般性的冒险venture 尤指在商业方面有风险的计划，投资，事业辨析 his adventures in Africa 他在非洲的冒险
39、经历He thought the venture far too risky and didnt want to become involved.他认为这个计划风险性太大而不想参与。展开 adventurous adj. 冒险的adventurer n. 冒险家advice n. opinion given about what to do or how to behave 建议，劝告 （不可数）a piece of advice词组 advise sb. to do sth.= try to persuade sb. to do sth. = try to persuade sb. into
40、 doing sth. 建议某人做某事ask sb. for advice 向某人要建议follow/ take ones advice 听从某人的建议give sb. some advice on sth. 给某人提建议it is advisable for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说是可取的展开 advise v. 建议advisable adj.明智的，可取的，适当的affair n.thing (to be) done; concern; matter 事情，事件；(pl.) 事务词组 public affairs 公事private / personal affairs
41、 私事10national /state affairs 国事international affairs 国际事务family affairs 家事current affairs 时事辨析 affair matter business event incidentaffair 涵义最广，可指已经发生的或必须去做的任何事情，也可泛指事务（用作复数时，指重大的或头绪较多的事情）matter 意为事情，指要考虑或处理的（小）事money matters 钱的事情Whats the matter?=whats wrong?business 常指生意，商业，还可指任务，责任，正事do business
42、with 与某人做生意go into business 经商business hours 营业时间mind your own business ( affairs ) 少管闲事get down to business 干正事Its none of your business. 不关你的事Business is business. 公事公办event 指重大事情historical event 历史事件track and field event 田径赛incident 指突发事件，事变或冲突Xian incident 西安事变border incidents 边境事件affect vt. hav
43、e an influence on (sb or sth.) 影响；（在感情方面）打动，震动 ; 假装词组 have an affection for 喜欢set ones affections on 钟爱某人展开 effect n. 影响affection n. 喜爱,慈爱affectionate adj. 深情的affectionately adv.深情地afford v. have enough money, space, time etc for ( a special purpose) 提供；担负得起（费用） ；抽出时间词组 afford a holiday 度假afford the
44、 time/ expense 抽出时间（支付费用）afford to do 能够做某事afford sb. sth. 提供某人某物辨析 afford offer supply provideafford 供给，一般用于抽象名词，常用在 can, be able to 后offer 主动提供，出价offer sb. sth. 提供某人某物offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事11offer some money for sth. 为某物出价supply 供应，补给（缺乏或不足的东西） （一般指付钱的）supply sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb. 提
45、供The water works supply water to the people in this town.水利工程给这个镇上的人们提供水。provide 往往指免费提供provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. We provide the children with money and clothes.我们为孩子们提供钱和衣物。afraid adj. frightened 怕的（做表语用）词组 be afraid ofbe afraid to do sth.be afraid that clause 害怕辨析 be afraid to d
46、o be afraid ofBe afraid to do 表示害怕不敢做，可以不做。是以人的意志为转移。Be afraid of 表示害怕某事会发生。 是不以人的意志为转移的The girl was afraid to go out at night. So she stayed at home.这女孩晚上不敢出去，因此她呆在家里。The boy was afraid of being scolded by his father for he failed in the final exam.这男孩因期末考没通过害怕被他父亲责骂。after later in time prep. /conj
47、. /adv. 在之后 词组 after all 毕竟，终究after dark 天黑之后after ones heart 合心意的，投合的ask after = inquire after 问候be after 想得到，寻求， 追求day after day ( year year) 日复一日（年复一年等）go after 追逐，追求，设法得到look after 照顾，照看，照管one after another 一个接一个地run after 追求，追捕，追赶take after 长得像，性格上像the day after tomorrow ( the week next ) 后天（在下
48、一个星期）be named after 以命名again once more, another time adv. 再一次词组 again and again 再三地，反复地once again 再次now and again 不时地，间或all over again 再次，重新over and over again 一再地time and time again 多次，一再地12against prep.in opposition to (反)对； 以为抵御对象；靠着；having as a background 衬着; as a defence or protection from 预防词组
49、 against ones will (wishes) 违反自己的意愿be against 反对lean against 斜靠着例句 We sailed against wind.我们顶风航行。There were 20 votes for him and 12 against him.有 20 张投票拥护他，有 12 张反对他。The skiers red clothes stood out clearly against the snow.滑雪者红色的衣服在白雪的衬托下分外醒目。We are all taking medicine against the disease.我们都在服药防御这疾病。age n. length of time that a person has lived or a thing has existed 时代；年龄vi. grow old 变老，长大，老化vt. 使苍老词组 at the age o
