1、翻译炙热考点一 从多变到一 致以语境为媒介！1. 英汉词汇均多义义由境生So it is a bit confusing when Vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as, Whats the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence?2. 英语用词多替换互文现义（近义词、指代关系出现）-统一翻译！Virusthis vicious program these ma
2、lic ious codes （邪恶代码）翻译必须理解为病毒We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century.The monkeys most extraordinary accomplishment w
3、as learning to operate a tractor. By the age of nine, it had learned to solo on the vehicle. 不定式做宾 语，solo 根据上文互文现义，这只猴子最杰出的成就是学会了驾驶拖拉机，九岁的时候他已经学会独自驾驶。There will be television shows hosted by robots, 将会出现由机器人主持的电视节目and cars with pollution monitors 还会出现有污染监控器的汽车that will disable them 在车辆污染 超标时，监控器会使车辆
4、停止运行。when they offend.3. 【真题范例】Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. 2003-61-36而且，人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境，从而是让所有其它形态的生命服从人类自己独特的想法和想象。Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctl
5、y shaky evidence 2010-46-31英语 汉语1 用词多变异 与其是 B 而 不如是 A 主要是 A 次要是 Bless B than A; not so much B as/but A完全否定no more A than B, 既不 A 也不BA not any more than B no A anymore than B.否定递进much less, 更不用说，用在后半句。still less, to say nothing of, not to speak of, 以下的翻译为更不用说。not to mention, let alone区分形近词Nothing but
6、（ else than，only）Anything but（else than，excep t）Rather than 而不是Other than 除.之外Mr. Fu is nothing but (only) a hooligan.Mr. Fu is anything but (except) a hooligan.It was a curious exchange, less a debate than a quarrel between two aggressive men, each of whom determined to impress the audience as more
7、 peaceful than the other.这是一次奇妙的交谈，与其说是两个好斗的人之间的一场辩论，还不如说是一次吵嘴，双方都竭力想使听众觉得自己比对方更爱和平。There is no reason anyone should limit how many hours you spend on study every day, any more than they can limit how much physical exercise you do. 绿色分句子被否定。He knows little of mathematics, and still less of chemistry
8、. 更不用说.The young mans failure in the NETEM is nothing else than his laziness.His failure was due to nothing else than his own carelessness. 完全是由.导致的【例】Those confidence men spent no effort on developing products on developing products of their own, still less do they produce social value. Still less
9、后面要用倒 装。Those confidence men :骗子 sports house ：妓院 Dog day:三伏天六 从倒装到顺 畅1. 语法倒装部分倒装：历年真题考 的比较多！a. Only 强调状语开 头, b. 否定意义的状语开头c. 表语 as/though 主语，is Young as he is ,has already 7 wives.完全倒装：1. 状语开头；2. 谓语：“移动”或“处所” ；3. 主语不是代词。(名词)Under the amusing appearance of the cartoon lies a truth that .Then comes th
10、e order to fireOnly gradually the by-product of the institution was noted, and only more gradually still this effect was considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. 【作业】MisconductMisdeedDelinquency2009-47-32人们只是逐渐的才注意到机构这一副产品，而人们把这一作用视为机构运作的知道因素的过程则更为缓慢。and perhaps never befo
11、re it has served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.电视从来没有像在最近的事件中那样，将欧洲的不同民族和国家联系起来。2005-46-34在欧洲最近发生的事件中，电视把不同的民族和国家联系在了一起，其作用之大，前所未有。2. 修辞倒装冗长成分无条件后置Accept sth. as well founded认为是有理有据的On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge m
12、ade by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.As well founded :有理有据的 that 引导同位语从句，他不认为黄色内容是有理有据的-转变为翻译黄色内容之后，他不认为黄色内容是有理有据的！2008-48-33另一方面，有些人批判他虽然善于观察，但不具备推理能力，而他认为这种说法是缺乏依据的。While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable
13、for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.2007-50-33虽说律师的评论和反映会提升报道的质量，但记者最好根据自己对重要性的理解自省做出判断。七 从省略到完 整A 类似成分相同内容可 以省略B 注意英语与汉语语序 的差异1. “At twenty years of age, the will reigns; at thirty, the wit; and at forty, the judgment” (Benjamin Franklin)2. That
14、 our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory.That 引导主语从句If our environment has anything to do with characteristics and behavior 如果说我们的环境与我们的能力性格和行为有任何关系时，这种关系也不明显，这一点是理论 的核心。3. Medical opinion suggested that training progr
15、ams offered few, if any, healthy benefits.suggested ：表明。 If any=if training programs offered any healthy benefits.医学观点表明：如果说培训项目对我们的健康有任何好处的话，这种好处也不明显！调整语序，然后再翻译！翻译真题训练1.读文章首句或首段，了解文章话题范围；2.遇到代词或陌生的概念时，参与上下文进行释义。【2006-P34 】Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no ac
16、count in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckbergen told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected American. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of intellectual. It is they, not American
17、, who have become anti-intellectual.First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? (46) I shall define him as an intellectual has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic（苏格拉底）way about moral problems. Elect as B A.选择黄色内
18、容当绿色内 容。定语从句比 主句长，另起一句He explorIes such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function
19、is analogous to that of a judge, is analogous to：和 .类似 His function：指知识分子 。who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning . Who 指法官，因为知识分子和法官类似，先讲知识分子，再讲法官。知识分子和法官的功能类似，他必须接受一项义务，即以尽可能地清晰地方式来揭示（ 引导他作出 决定的） 推理过程which led him to his decision. 翻译成
20、“的”让他作出决定的This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectualsthe average scientist for one. (48) I have excluded him him：指 average scientist 普通科学家 我未将普通科学家包括在内（正义反译，反义正译）because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, While 因为，虽然他的成就有助于
21、解决道德问题，he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. has not been charged with :承担任务，起到作用。 但他仅仅承担起了解决这些问题的现实方面或 但是他仅仅针对这些问题的现实方面。Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in everyday performance of his routine dutieshe is not suppo
22、sed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, 但他（普通科学家）的主要职责不是去思考 主宰自身行 为的道德准 则which governs his activity, 主宰着他的行为any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of
23、conduct in business. dedicate his energies to ：致力于. Conduct：行为，就像不能期望商人探索商业行为的准则一样。总结：not any more 构成了两个否定！During most of his walking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has
24、traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. (50) They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, （两个并列谓语，可放在一块翻译）They : teachers 教师 more than（比.更多，正义反译翻 译为不只是 ）教师可能善于教学，并不仅只是为了赚工资but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems
25、 词组 make little or no independent reflections on 抽象内 容变具体但是绝大多数的教师很少或从不独立的思考人类问题which involve moral judgment. （翻译成“的”字结构）涉及到道德判断的This description even fits the majority eminent scholars. “Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing, living in public and industrious thoughts,” as Emerson would say, “is something else.”翻译部分除了做真题，真题的阅读理解可以做全文翻译来联系！商业计划书 http:/www.chnci .com/syjhs可行性分析报告 http:/www.qfcmr .com 市场调查 http:/www.51kyb
