1、第四课 Making the news一、 考点、热点回顾单词识记1._ vt.告知；通知 11.journalist n. _2._ vt.获得；学到 12.photographer n. _3._ vt.评定；估价 13.admirable adj. _4._ vt.帮助；促进 14.profession n. _5._ vt.需要；查询 15.amateur n. _6._ adj.欣喜的；高兴的 16.update vt. _7._ vt.集中；聚集 17.deliberately adv. _8._ vt.指责；控告 18.department n. _9._ v.赞成；认可；批准
2、19.appointment n. _10._ vt.加工；过程 20.accurate adj. _词汇精讲1、delighted adj. very pleased and happy，表示“感到欣喜的，感到快乐的”。Were delighted youre coming to work with us. (P26)常用搭配：be delighted to do sth. 高兴做某事be delighted at/ by 因 而高兴be delighted that 因 而高兴eg：The mother was delighted at the recovery of her baby.那
3、位母亲因为她的婴儿恢复了健康而非常高兴。She was delighted to hear the twitter of the birds somewhere near her window. 她很高兴地听着窗外鸟儿的鸣叫声。Were delighted that youll be here soon. 你不久就来这里了，我们真高兴。【拓展】 delight vt. 表示“使（某人）高兴，使（某人）欣喜”。n. 快乐，高兴，使人快乐的人或事。delightful adj. very pleasant, 令人愉悦的常用短语：take delight in (doing) sth. 喜爱，以为乐
4、to ones delight 令人高兴的是with/ in delight 高兴地如：He delighted the audience with his humorous words. 他幽默的语言让观众们很高兴。Jack is a delightful young man. 杰克是个讨人喜欢的年轻人。Carl takes great delight in teasing his classmates. 卡尔以取笑他的同学为乐。She won the game easily, to the delight of all her fans.使她所有粉丝高兴的是，她很容易地赢得了比赛。Hear
5、ing class was over, the boys rushed out of the classroom in delight. 听见下课了，男孩们高兴地冲出来教室。【随时练】As an amateur of ballet, Andrea was _ at the chance to go to the ballet ball(芭蕾舞会).A. delighted B. horrified C. delightful D. horrible【答案与解析】A。be delighted at 因为某事而高兴；delightful 表示人或事物的性质，意为“令人愉悦的”；horrified
6、（感到）惊悸的；horrible 可怕的。2、concentrate vt./vi. to give all your attention to the thing you are doing ,表示“ 集中（注意力、思想等）”常与介词 on 连用，也表示“ 使 集中于一点” ，常用于被动语态。You may be able to concentrate on photography later if youre interested. (P26)eg：A driver should concentrate on the road when driving. 司机驾驶时应该专心于路况。【拓展】
7、 concentrated adj. 表示“ 集中的”只能作定语；concentration n. 表示“专心，聚集”lose concentration 走神如：This paper will need all your concentration. 这个论文需要你集中所有的精力。A good scientist should make a concentrated effort to study well. 一个好的科学家应该把努力集中于做好研究。【随时练】There is too much noise outside; I cant _ my attention on my book.A
8、. fill B. pay C. connect D. concentrate【答案与解析】 D。注意介词搭配。concentrate ones attention on 把注意力集中于pay attention to 注意concentrate on （doing） sth 专注于（做）某事3、eager adj. full of strong desire to do sth. 表示“热切的，渴望的”。Youll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so . (P26)常用短语：be eager for 渴望得到某物be eager
9、 to do sth. 渴望做某事eg：Students are eager for new knowledge. 学生渴望新知识。She is eager to see her daughter. 她很渴望见到她的女儿。【拓展】eagerness n. 热切, 渴望eagerly adv. 热切地，渴望地eg：I couldnt hide my eagerness to get back home. 我无法隐藏回家的渴望。 He eagerly accepted my invitation to the party.他很热切地接受了我参加那个聚会的邀请。【随时练】He wasnt _ wit
10、h what he had gained and wanted to get more.A. proud B. content C. eager D. anxious【答案与解析】 B。be content with 对感到满足；be proud of 对感到骄傲；be eager for 渴望；be anxious about 对 感到担忧。4、assist vt., vi. to help someone or sth. 表示“帮助；支援 ”。Youll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so . (P26)常用短语：帮助某人做某
11、事assist in sth. assist（sb.）in doing sth. 或assist sb. to do sth. assist (sb.) with sth. eg:We all assisted in mending the roof. 我们都帮忙修屋顶。This programme assists the young to find a job easily.这个节目帮助年轻人容易找到工作。【拓展】assistant n. 表示“助手，助理”；assistance n. 表示“协助，援助”，常用短语：be of assistance= help sb. 帮助某人eg：He b
12、ecame an assistant cook after he graduated from the technological school. 从技术学校毕业后他成了厨师助理。Can I be of any assistance to you? 我可以帮助你吗？【随时练】Here are some good sources of information to _ you in making the best choice.A. provide B. supply C. assist D. support【答案与解析】C。assist in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事；provid
13、e 提供，常用 provide sb. with sth；supply 供应，常用 supply sb. with sth；support 维持，养活。5、acquire vt. to get sth. by your own efforts, ability or behavior 表示“ 获得，取得；学得”。Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know. (P26)acquire a(good) knowledge of 得到知识，精通eg：We
14、must study hard to acquire a good knowledge of English. 我们必须用功学习才能精通英语。Some smoking and alcoholic drinks are an acquired taste and are not in born. 抽烟喝酒往往是一种后来习得的嗜好，并不是生来就有的。【拓展】acquisition n. 获得；（语言）习得；获得物eg：The teacher is interested in theories of child language acquisition. 这位老师对儿童语言学习的理论感兴趣。【随时练
15、】Some people go back for their education to _ another degree to impress the society.A require B. acquire C. accept D. present【答案与解析】 B。句意：一些人返回学校想获取另一个文凭来增强社会地位。6、have a nose for 善于觉察/ 对很敏感结构类似的词组还有：have an eye for 对有鉴赏能力have an ear for 对有欣赏能力(听觉灵敏)have a gift/talent for 对有天赋运用：用 nose，eye，ear，gift 填
16、空。 As a reporter，Mary has a _ for a story. Through the competition，the leader of the group can pick out some singers having a _ for music. Being trained for many years，all the students have a good_ for different kinds of music. As a good artist，she has a/an _ for colour. 7、inform v. formally or offi
17、cially tell someone about something or give them information. 通知，告知；告发，告密They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story. (P27)常用短语：inform against/ on sb. 告发某人，检举某人inform sb.of sth.把某事告诉某人eg：He informed me of your decision.他把你的决定告诉了我。He informed on his brother though he
18、 felt sorry for him.虽然他为哥哥感到抱歉，还是检举了他。【拓展】information n. 信息注意：information 一般是不可数名词。【随时练】The leaflet(传单) _ customers about the end-of-summer sales.A. protects B. informs C. inquires D. acquires【答案与解析】 B。protect 保护；inquire 打听，询问；acquire 获得。句意：宣传单告知顾客夏末大减价的事。8、accuse vt. to say that someone has done st
19、h. wrong or committed a crime, 表示“控告；指控，指责”。Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? (P27)【点拨】 accuse 常用短语：accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某罪eg：The police accused him of murder. 警方指控他谋杀。I don t want to accuse my best friend of telling lies. 我不想指责我
20、最好的朋友撒谎。【拓展】 accusation n. 表示“指控，指责”eg：The Minister denied the accusation that she had behaved dishonestly. 那位部长否认她表现不诚实的指责。Several accusations were made against the government.这个政府遭几项指控。【随时练】 Tom _ his boss of having broken his words.A. blamed B. accused C. charged D. scolded【答案与解析】 B。考查 accuse sb.
21、 of sth. 表示“控告某人某事”； blame sb. on sth. 表示“责备某人某事”；charge sb. for sth. “ 控告某人某事”；scold sb. for sth. “因为某事而批评某人”。注意不同的介词搭配。疑难补充：get the wrong end of the stick 表示“用完全错误的方式理解某种状况”。如：You have got the wrong end of the stick. He isnt her boyfriend at all. 你错误理解此事了。他根本不是她的男朋友。9、case n. a legal matter that w
22、ill be decided in a court，or an example or instance of sth., or a situation involving a particular person or thing 表示“案件，官司；事例，情况” ，还表示“盒子，箱子，事实”等，Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? (P27)eg：The case against Mr. White is said to be h
23、eard tomorrow.据说指控怀特先生的案子明天审理。He took a case full of clothes with him.他带着个装满衣服的箱子。This is a case of stupidity, not dishonesty. 这是个愚蠢的例子，不是不诚实。【拓展】相关短语：in any case 无论如何, 总之 in case 假使, 万一；以防in that case 如果是那样的话 in case of 如果；万一in no case 决不eg：“Well, in that case, I would prefer to stay on the bus,” I
24、 answered. “哦，那样的话，我更愿意留在公交车上。” 我回答。Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.带顶帽子吧，以防太阳太晒。【随时练】Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow _ I forget.A. though B. so that C. in case D. until【答案与解析】 C。in case 以免、以防、假使；so that 以便于、以致于。 10、 demand v. to ask for something very firmly, especial
25、ly because you think you have a right to do this. 要求，需要It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong. (P26)常用搭配：demand sth. of sb. 向某人要求某物demand to know/ see/ . 要求知道/ 看到/ . .demand that . (从句用虚拟语气： should+动词原形，should 可省略)eg：This sorts of work demands great pati
26、ence. 这种工作需要很耐心。Some children demand too much of their parents. 一些孩子向父母索取太多。 He demands that he be told /demands to be told everything. 他要求被告知一切。 He kept demanding to know how it got there. 他不停地要求知道怎样去那里。【拓展】demand n. 要求，需求（量）demanding adj. 过分要求的，苛求的eg:Will the boss meet/satisfy the workers demand f
27、or higher pay?老板准备满足工人们增加工资的要求吗？There is a great demand for doctors at present. 目前医生的需要量很大。 Its really a demanding job, with a demanding boss.那真是个要求很高的工作，还有那么苛刻的老板。【随时练】The mother demanded she _ to the hospital to see her son immediately.A. should take B. be taken C. taken D. took【答案与解析】 B。she 后要接宾语
28、从句的谓语，排除 C；她要被带到医院，排除 A、D。be taken 前省略了 should。句意：那位母亲要求立刻带她去医院去看她的儿子。 11、 defend vt. to say things to support someone or something that is being criticized 表示“为辩护/辩解”，还表示“防卫，维护 ”。The law allows people to defend themselves against a charge. (P28)常用短语：defend against 防卫（以抵制）；defend oneself 保护自己，eg：She
29、 had to defend herself against the guard dog. 她必须保护自己不让看门狗咬到。The accused man had a lawyer to defend him. 被告有律师为他辩护。【拓展】defence n. 表示“防卫，辩护”。in defence of 保卫; 捍卫 为辩护eg：As we all know, the Great Wall was built as a defence against invaders(侵略者). 我们都知道，修建长城是用来抵御侵略者的。【随时练】We shall _ our island without h
30、esitation, whatever the cost may be.A. defend B. protect C. guard D. prevent【答案与解析】 A。defend 表示用武力和其他措施保护某人不受侵犯或袭击；protect 指“采取防御措施而保护、照顾某人或某物不受伤害；guard 意为“ 留心照看，警戒 ”，指防止可能的攻击或侵害。此题中用 defend 表示保卫岛屿不受入侵。12、 accurate adj. correct or true in every detail 表示“准确的，精确的”。He would have to be accurate. (P30)e
31、g：We need to get some more accurate information. 我们需要获取更准确的信息。 Is this watch accurate? 这块表准吗？【拓展】区别：accurate/ correct/ exact三词均含“正确的”意思。accurate 表示“准确的”,精确的”,指“通过努力, 使事情达到正确”;correct 为一般用语, 指“正确的”; exact 表示“确切的”,“ 精确无误的”,指“ 与事实完全相符”。如：She gave an accurate account of the accident. 她对事故进行了准确的报道。 He ga
32、ve correct answers to the questions. 他给出问题的正确答案。His translation is exact to the letter. 他的翻译及其准确。【随时练】 Would it be more_ to say that the plan failed?Asuitable B. convenient C. accurate D. correct【答案与解析】 C。句意：说计划失败了是不是更准确呢？suitable 指“款式、颜色等”更适合；convenient 方便的。13、 approve vt. to officially agree to a
33、plan, request, etc. 批准；通过 vi. to think that somebody/something is good, acceptable or suitable 赞成，赞同；常与 of 连用，不用于进行时。Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it. (P30)【点拨】 approve eg：My parents dont approve of my decision. 我父母不赞成我的决定。【拓展 1】approval n. 表示“ 赞同，批准”。常用短语：meet with sbs approval
34、 得到某人的许可；eg： Most of his girlfriends failed to meet with his fathers approval. 他的大多数女友都未能得到他父亲的认可。【拓展 2】常用带 of 的动词短语小结：inform sb of sth 告知某人某事remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事rob sb (someplace) of sth 抢了某人（某处）的某物cure sb of sth 治愈某人某病warn sb of sth 警告某人某事【随时练】 Her mother doesnt _ of her going to study in the U
35、nited States alone.A. admit B. agree C. prove D. approve【答案与解析】 D。approve of 赞成 ；agree to/on 同意某事；admit of 容许有.；prove 证明。重点短语depend onMeanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says. (P26)【点拨】depend on 动词短语，意思为 “取决于；依靠，依赖；信赖，信任”。 depending on 相当于“according to”，可译成“按
36、照、根据、依照”。eg：The amount you pay depends on which room you live你付多少钱取决于你住哪个房间。His family depends on him他的一家人全靠他养活。We are depending on you to finish the job by Friday我们相信你在星期五前能完成这项工作。Starting salary varies from ￥2400 to ￥3500, depending on experience. 起薪从 2600 元到 3035 元，根据经验有所不同。【拓展】It (all) depends.
37、/That depends. 要看情况而定。eg:I dont know if we can go to your party then - it all depends.我不知道我们是否能参加你的派对- 看情况吧。【随时练】You can turn to him if you need help. He is a man you can _.A. accuse of B. approve of C. depend on D. demand of【答案与解析】 C。根据前面句子可知。其他选项用法见前面各词用法。ahead ofWe need it in this edition to be a
38、head of the other newspapers. (P30)【点拨】ahead of (时间、空间) 在 前面，早于， 领先eg：He will be ahead of others in English. 他在英语方面将超过别人。Ahead of us lay ten days of intensive training. 我们面临的是 10 天的集中训练。He always finishes several hours ahead of the deadline.他总是在最后期限前几小时完成。【拓展】ahead of time 提前eg：Please try to arrive
39、ahead of time. 请尽量提前到达。【随时练】Scientists are racing _ time in order to find a cure for the disease as soon as possible.A. along with B. against C. around D. ahead of【答案与解析】 B。句意：科学家们为了尽快找到治疗此病的方法，在与时间赛跑。along with 与一起； against 同作斗争，反对；around 在周围；大约；ahead of time 提前。so as to doA footballer was accused
40、of taking money for deliberately not scoring goals so as to let the other team win. (P26)1）so as to 后跟动词原形作目的状语，与 in order to 同义，但 so as to do 只能用于句尾，in order to 既可用于句首也可用于句尾。2）其否定形式是 so as not to do 或 in order not to do。3）注意句型“so + adj. /adv.+ as to do”引导结果状语从句表示“如此以至于” eg：In order to catch the fir
41、st bus, I got up earlier this morning. (不能用 so as to)为了赶头班车，我今天早晨起得早了一点。He kept silent so as not to lose the job. 为了不失去工作，他保持缄默。 She spoke so slowly as to make herself understood. 她说得很慢，结果大家都懂了。【链接高考】1. All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas.Ain order to have received Bin
42、 order to receiveCso as to be received Dso as to be receiving【答案与解析】 C。句意是所有的礼物必须立刻寄出去，为的是圣诞节前按时收到。因为“ 礼物”是“被收到”的，要用 to do sth.的被动式。重点语法倒装句英语的一般语序是主语+谓语，如果把谓语的 全部或是一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为倒装。 倒装有两种形式：谓语全部放在主语之前叫完全倒装；只将助动词、情态动词、系动词提前叫部分倒装。1 .倒装句之完全倒装 完全倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1） her
43、e, there, now, then, thus 等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用 be, come, go, lie, run 等表示来去或状态的动词。例如： Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 Here is your letter. 你的信。 2）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。例如： In she came.她走了进来。In the front sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如： Here he comes. 他来了。 Awa
44、y they went. 他们走开了。 2 .倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词 do, does 或 did，并将其置于主语之前。 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如 no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time 决不, in no way, not until 等。例如： Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。 Nowhere will you find the answer to this
45、 question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 当 Not until 引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。例如： I have never seen such a performance. -never have I seen such a performance.The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. -no
46、t until the child fell asleep the mother did leave the room.典型例题 1）Why cant I smoke here? At no time_ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit 2）Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know
47、B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 3. 以否定词开头作部分倒装 如 Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than 等，要倒装。例如： Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 典型例题 No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 分析：以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句（谓语前置） 。这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及
