1、第一部分 语法专题研究,专题九 非谓语动词,考点一 非谓语动词的定义及句法功能考点二 动词不定式考点三 动名词考点四 动词不定式的特殊句型,1. When you leave, please turn off the light _ energy. (save),考点抢测 .词汇运用,【解析】句意：当你离开的时候，请关灯以节约能源。动词不定式在此表目的，故填 to save。,to save,2. When summer comes, a lot of people feel like _to have fun. (swim),【解析】句意：夏天来临，许多人喜欢游泳作乐。此句中swimming
2、做feel like 的宾语，故填swimming。,swimming,3. What senior school do you want to go, Li Hua? Its hard for me _ a decision now. A. do B. to do C. make D. to make,.单项填空,【解析】考查动词不定式的用法。句意：“李华，你想去什么高中？”“对我来说现在_这个决定太难了。”在此固定搭配中to make作此句真正的主语，it 是形式主语，故选D。,4. _ the building in one year was quite a difficult task
3、. A. To complete B. Be completed C. Completed D. Complete,【解析】考查动词不定式的用法。句意：一年内_这栋楼的建造是项艰巨的任务。此句中动词不定式作主语，故选A。,5. When we returned to the school, we found a stranger _ at the entrance. A. stand B. standing C. to stand D. stood,【解析】考查动名词的用法。句意: 当我们回学校的时候，我们发现一个陌生人_在门口。此句中standing作stranger的补足语，故选B。,满分
4、点拨考点一 非谓语动词的定义及句法功能1.非谓语动词的定义 非谓语动词是在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式。如： His favorite sport is playing ping-pong. (playing 在本句中不是充当谓语，而是充当表语，称为非谓语动词),2. 非谓语动词的句法功能 动词的非谓语形式除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。如：To see is to believe. 眼见为实。(作主语和表语)The boy likes walking to school. 那个男孩喜欢步行去学校。(作宾语)Dont keep us waiting for a lon
5、g time. 不要让我们等得太久。(作补语),3. 非谓语动词的三种形式 动词的非谓语形式可以分为动词不定式、动词-ing 形式、分词（现在分词和过去分词）三种。,考点二 动词不定式 动词不定式(to do sth)的用法（考查5次）（1）作主语。常用句型：Its +adj. +(for/of) sb. to do sth.。如：Its nice of you to take pictures for us. 非常感谢你为我们拍照。（2）作表语。常放于系动词 be 之后。如：To see is to believe. 眼见为实。（百闻不如一见。）,（3）作宾语。常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语的
6、动词有：,如：I would like to have a cup of tea. 我想喝一杯茶。,（4）作定语。动词不定式作定语时，要置于被修饰的名词之后，作后置定语。如： I am not free now. I have lots of things to do. 我现在没有空。我有很多事要做。（5）作状语。如：Paul is too excited to say anything. 保罗激动得说不出话来了。(结果状语)He opened the door for her to come in. 他打开门让她进来。(目的状语) I am sorry to hear that your m
7、other was ill in hospital. 听说你妈妈生病了我很难过。 (原因状语),（6）作宾语补足语。常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：,如： Tina told her sister to turn down the TV. 蒂娜让她姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。注意：在使役动词 make, let, have 和感官动词 see, hear, watch, notice, feel 等词后，要把不定式结构中的to省略。如： I saw our English teacher enter the office just now. 刚才我看到我们的英语老师走进办公室了。,考
8、点三 动名词动名词(v.- ing)的用法（考查4次）（1）作主语。动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如：Reading in bed is not good for your eyes. 在床上看书对眼睛不好。如果并列的动名词（短语）作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Reading and writing take me a lot of time. 读书写作花了我不少时间。,注意：在英语中动词是不能作主语的，应用动名词或动词不定式。表示泛指意义的行为时，多用动名词作主语，但表示具体的行为时，必须用动词不定式，此结构通常用it作形式主语，真正的主语动词不定式通常放后面。如：Gettin
9、g up early is good for our health. 早起对我们的健康是有好处的。,（2）作表语。 动名词(短语)作表语可以转化为动名词（短语）作主语。如： His favorite sport is playing ping-pong. = Playing ping-pong is his favorite sport. 他最喜欢的运动是打乒乓球。,（3）作定语。动名词(短语)作定语表示用途。如：There were many people in the waiting room before dark. 天黑之前候车室里还有好多人。,（4）作宾语。常接动名词作宾语的动词或动
10、词短语有： enjoy “喜欢”, finish“完成”, keep“保持”, practice “练习”, mind “介意”, suggest “建议”, cant help “禁不住”, end up “结束”, feel like “想要”, be used to “习惯做”, be busy doing “忙于”, look forward to “盼望”, give up “放弃”, put off “推迟” 等。如： Have you finished translating the passage? 你翻译完这段文章了吗？,考点四 动词不定式的特殊句型1. too.to. 表示
11、“太而不能”。如：The boy is too young to look after himself. 那个男孩太小不能照顾自己。2. .enough to.表示“足够”。如：He is old enough to go to school. 他到了上学的年龄了。3. Why dont you +不带to的不定式？= Why not +不带to的不定式？如：Why dont you get her,a photo album? = Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢？4. had better +(not)+不带to的不定式。如：Youd b
12、etter not stay there today. 你今天最好别待在那儿。5. Will you please+不带to的不定式? 如：Will you please close the door? 你能把门关上吗？6. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. “宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。如：She prefers to receive a,small gift that has some thoughts behind it rather than receive a lot of money. 她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。7. 动词不定式与疑问词连用可用作主语或宾语。如：When to go to Beijing hasnt been decided yet. 什么时候去北京还没定下来。(作主语)I havent decided yet when to leave. 我还没决定什么时候离开。(作宾语),注意：“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。如：Can you tell me where to get the scarf?= Can you tell me where I can get the scarf?你能告诉我在哪里能买到这种围巾吗？,
