1、Unit 1 Festivals around the world,知识清单,(一) 基本单词 1. _ vi. 收割 5. _ n. 美，美人 6. _ n. 庆祝，庆贺 7. _ n. 狩猎者，猎人,starve,belief,trick,harvest,beauty,celebration,hunter,单词,8. _ vt. 获得; 得到 9. _ vt. 骨头 17. _ n. 诗人,gain,gather,award,energetic,obvious,ancestor,Mexico,feast,bone,poet,18. _ n. 到来，到达，到达者 19. _ n. 雄禽；公鸡
2、 20. _ n. 复活节 21. _ n. 衣服 22. _ n. 基督徒；信徒adj. 基督教的，信基督教的 23. _ n. 习惯；风俗 24. _ adj. 遍及全世界的，世界性的 25. _ n. 愚人，白痴，受骗者adj. 傻的vt. 愚弄，欺骗 vi. 干傻事，开玩笑,Easter,arrival,rooster,clothing,Christian,custom,worldwide,fool,26. _ n. 停放 27. _ vt. 饶恕,sadness,parking,drown,wipe,remind,weep,forgive,(二) 派生单词 33. _ n. 起源;
3、由来; 起因_ adj. 原始的; 最初的 34. _ adj. 宗教上的; 信奉宗教的; 虔诚 的_ n. 宗教信仰 35. _ n. 农业; 农艺; 农学_ adj. 农业的; 农艺的,origin,agriculture,agricultural,original,religious,religion,36. _ vt. 赞美; 钦佩; 羡慕_ adj. 令人钦佩的_ n. 钦佩；羡慕 37. _ n. 许可; 允许_ vt.允许 38. _ vi. 道歉; 辩白_n. 道歉 39. _ n. 独立; 自主_ adj. 独立的; 自主的,admire,admirable,admirati
4、on,permission,permit,apologize,apology,independence,independent,1. 发生 2. 纪念; 追念 3. 盛装; 打扮; 装饰 4. 期望; 期待; 盼望 5. 好像 6. 玩得开心 7. 出现; 到场 8. 守信用; 履行诺言 9. 屏息; 屏气 10. 出发; 动身; 使爆炸,take place,in memory of,dress up,look forward to,as though,have fun with,turn up,keep ones word,hold ones breath,set off,短语,核心要点,
5、1. starve vi. 极需要(课文原句) At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.翻译：在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是寒冷的冬月，人们就会挨饿。,单词,【归纳】 starve for sth. (急)需要starve to death 饿死starve sb. into (doing) sth. 以饥饿迫使某人 (做)某事 【拓展】 be starved to death 饿死starve for, ache fo
6、r, die for, hunger for, long for, sigh for, thirst for 渴望得到, 渴望做,2. gain v. 获得; 得到 n. 利润; 利益(课文原句) India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain Indias independence from Britain.翻译: 印度在10月2日有个全国性节日，纪念汉达斯甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。,【归纳】gain from/ by. 从获益gai
7、n two minutes (钟表)走快两分钟gain ones living 谋生gain weight 体重增加,【辨析】acquire/ get/ gain/ earn/ obtainacquire宾语多为知识/ 技能等;earn宾语多为金钱/ 荣誉等理应得到的东西; obtain宾语多为期望已久的东西; gain宾语多为经验/ 利益/ 优势/ 好处等; win宾语则为比赛/ 战斗等; get宾语较广泛, 既可是具体的东西, 也可是抽象的事物。,After four years study, I acquired a good knowledge of computer and my p
8、erseverance won me many friends in the university. Therefore I got a good job, which has made me gain much experience. And now I earn up to $100, 000 a year. 经过四年的学习, 我获得了丰富的电脑知识。在大学里, 我的毅力为我赢得了很多朋友。因此, 我找到了一份好工作, 这项工作使我得到了很多的经验。现在, 我每年能够赚得10万美元。,【即时运用】 用acquire/get/gain的适当形式填空。 1) She _ a knowledge
9、 of English by careful study. 2) He _ what he wanted by the time he graduated. 3) They _ the victory after a bloody battle.,acquired,had got,gained,单句改错。 He gained excellent sums of money by acting. 通过表演, 他赚了不少钱。 分析：表示“赚得, 赢得”, 而gain表示“通过努 力而获得有利的东西”，这里赚钱用earn。,earned,3. award【归纳】v. “授予，判定”，award sb
10、. sth.或 award sth. to sb.，“授予某人某物”。n. “奖，奖品”，可与介词for连用，receivewin/ get an award for sth.。(课文原句) Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.翻译：有些人还可能因为他们的农产品(参加 各种评选)而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。,【辨析】award, reward, prize award 经过正式裁定而给予的荣誉，或在竞赛中
11、获胜而得到的奖赏。 reward 对某人所做的某件好事、好的行为等的报答、酬谢。 prize 在竞赛中获胜或有特殊贡献时所得的奖励。,4. admire vt. 赞美; 钦佩; 羡慕(课文原句) China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.翻译：中国和日本都有中秋节，这时人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。,【归纳】admire sb. for sth. 因某事而钦佩某人【拓展】admiration n. 赞美; 钦佩express/ h
12、ave admiration for sb./ sth.(表示) 羡慕/ 钦佩某人/ 物with/ in admiration 钦佩地admirable adj. 可钦佩的; 极佳的,The admirers admire the famous actor for his excellent performance, which they enjoy with/in admiration, and because of having admiration for him, some of them even email him frequently. 这些羡慕者因这位著名演员的出色表演而钦佩他
13、。他们带着钦佩之情欣赏他的表演。一些追求者因为钦佩他甚至经常给他发邮件。,【辨析】admire/ honour/ respect/ regard 均含“尊重/钦佩”之意。 admire 侧重指对某人或某物的仰慕, 钦佩, 并含欣赏爱慕之情。 honour 侧重指对某人或某物表示极大的敬意。 respect 指对人的行为/品德/才华或成就等仰慕尊重，尤指对年长或地位高的人的尊敬。 regard 正式用词, 需用修饰语加强或明确其意。,5. apologize vi. 道歉; 辩白(课文原句) Well, he was not going to hold his breath for her to
14、 apologize.翻译：他不想屏息等她来道歉。,【归纳】apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉apologize to sb.that 从句 向某人道歉 【拓展】make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉accept/refuse ones apology接受/拒绝某人的道歉,6. remind vt. 提醒; 使想起(课文原句) I dont want them to remind me of her.翻译：他不想因它们想起她来。,【归纳】remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事remin
15、d sb.to do sth. 提醒某人做某事remind (sb.) that/ how/ what 从句提醒,remind sb. to do, remind sb. of doing remind接双宾语时其直接宾语可以是动词不定式, 也可以是介词短语“of+ v-ing ”。区别是: 前者指将来发生的事情, 而后者指过去发生过的事情。如: He reminded me to answer the letter. 他提醒我回这封信。 He reminded me of my answering the letter. 他提醒我已经回过这封信了。,7. forgive (forgave,
16、forgiven) vt.& vi. (课文原句) She would never forgive him.翻译：她恐怕永远也不会原谅他了。,【归纳】forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某行为forgive me 请原谅; 对不起forgive ones doing sth. 原谅某人做了某事forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事,1. dress up (课文原句) It is now a childrens festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours homes to
17、ask for sweets.翻译：万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮上邻居家要糖吃。 【归纳】dress up意为：（使）穿上盛装，精心打扮；化装，装扮；装饰；添枝加叶地讲述。如：,短语,She never dresses up, even when she goes to the opera. We dressed up for Halloween as pumpkins. A fresh coat of paint will dress up the old bicycle very much. Jerry dressed up the story of what he d
18、id on vacation and made it seem twice as interesting.,2. look forward to 期望; 期待; 盼望(课文原句) The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.翻译：最富生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。,【拓展】look into sth. 调查某事look down on/upon 瞧不起; 看不起look o
19、n.as. 把看作look over 检查look through 浏览; 仔细查看look out 当心; 小心,to后接动词-ing形式还有： pay attention to, be/become/get used to, be devoted to, get down to, be due to 由于 see to 照料, 注意, feel equal to 能信任 in addition to, admit to, be familiar to, find ones way to 设法达到 give way to 对让步 give ones mind to 专心于,keep to 坚
20、持 look up to 尊敬 lead to, object to/be opposed to 反对 stick to, stand up to 勇敢面对 be sentenced to 被判刑 refer to 谈及, 查阅, 参考等,3. as though / if (课文原句) The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, look as though it is covered with pink snow. 翻译：整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。 【归纳】as though和as if均意为“好像，仿佛”。
21、它们引导的从句中一般用虚拟语气：表示与现在事实相反，谓语用一般过去时(be的过去式用were)；表示与过去事实相反，谓语用过去完成时。,如果从句所述情况是事实或可能是事实，也可用陈述语气。如： Polly looks as if she were made of ice.（虚拟语气） Jack looked as if he had seen a ghost.（虚拟语气） It looks as if it is going to rain.（陈述语气）,4. turn up 出现; 到场; 开大; 调高; 被发现(课文原句) It was Valentines Day and Hu Jin
22、had said she would meet him at the coffee shop after work. But she didnt turn up.翻译：这天是情人节，胡瑾说她下班后会在咖喱馆和他见面的。可现在她却不见人影。,Dont worry. Im sure your missing glasseswill _ sooner or later. (2015湖北卷) A. stand out B. break up C. get out D. turn up 考点：动词短语辨析 句意：别担心。我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。 A项“突出”；B项“结束，解散，分手”；C项“出去
23、，出版，被泄露”；D项“出现，露面”。故选D项。,D,【拓展】turn on 打开turn in 上交; 告发turn out 结果是; 生产; 制造; 赶走turn off 关掉turn down 关小; 拒绝turn to 转向; 求助于turn facts upside down 颠倒是非turn for the better 好转,5. keep ones word 守信用; 履行诺言(课文原句) She said she would be there at seven oclock, and he thought she would keep her word.翻译：她说她会在七点到
24、达，他(李方)认为她会守信用的。,【拓展】in other words 换句话说in a word 总之; 简言之break ones word 失信, 食言in words 用语言; 口头上get in a word 插嘴have a word with sb. 和某人说句话key words 关键字,6. hold ones breath 屏息; 屏气(课文原句) Well, he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.翻译：他不想屏息等她来道歉。【拓展】take a deep breath 深呼吸lose ones b
25、reath 喘不过气来out of breath 气喘吁吁catch ones breath 恢复正常呼吸,【即时应用】 完成句子。 When we climbed to the top of the tenstory building, we _ (上气不接下气) (2) If you run very fast, you must _ (喘不过气来),were out of breath,lose your breath,1. It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leav
26、e.很明显, 咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开it作形式主语, 代指that引导的主语从句。,句式,It作形式主语的常用句式： It be形容词 (possible, strange, natural, important.)that从句 It be过去分词 (said, thought, believed, supposed, reported.)that从句 It不及物动词 (seem, occur, happen.)that从句 It be名词短语 (a pity, a fact, a wonder, an honour, no wonder.)that从句,语法,一、may和might 都可表
27、示允许。如： You may/ might use my dictionary so long as you return it before 17:00. 表示可能，might比may语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。如： Do you think Mr. Jackson may/ might be here on time?,情态动词（一）,二、can和could 都可表示能力。如： Even a small personal computer can store great amounts of information. I couldnt get tickets; they were s
28、old out. 可表示许可，could比can语气更委婉。如： You can have my seat. Im going now. Could I have a drink of water, please?,表示说话人的猜测，此时could不是can的过去式，表示推测的可能性比can小。如： Can he still be alive after all this time? If youre not careful, you could get into even worse trouble.,三、will和would 表意愿，will表现在意愿，可用于条件句 中，would表示过去
29、意愿（如表现在的意 愿，语气较委婉）。如： Ask, if you will, who the owner is. My friend asked if I would go with him. 都可表征求意见或提出请求。如： Will/ Would you please make a cup of coffee for me?,都可表习惯和倾向性，will表现在的习 惯，would表过去的习惯。如： These clothes wont wash easily. When Ann was a child, she would often ask some strange questions.
30、,四、shall和should shall在疑问句中用于征求对方意见，主要用于第一人称，也可用于第三人称，“要不要，好吗”；在陈述句中表示说话者的允诺、告诫、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等，主要用于第二或第三人称。如： Shall we go out and have a walk after dinner? Shall my sister come here now? You shall do as you see me do. Tell Betty that she shall have the bike tomorrow.,should表示义务或责任、建议或劝告、推断等。如： We shou
31、ld take good care of our children. You should give up smoking and drinking. With an early start the young men should be here by 10:00 am.,五、must和cant must表示“必须做某事”，还可表推测。 如： All passengers must wear seat belts. Your father has worked hard all day. He must be tired. When you got lost in the forest, y
32、ou must have been very frightened.,cant表否定的推测和判断，“不可能”。 如： If Jim didnt leave home until six oclock, he cant be at the office yet. Somebody must have opened the cage because the lion cant have escaped on its own.,用适当的情态动词补全对话。 Tom: Its raining hard. _ you mind sharing your umbrella with me? Rose: Of
33、 course not. By the way, one of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school, right? Tom: Yes. You must be a newcomer here. Rose: Thats true. I moved here last Monday. Are you going to see the film in our school tonight?,Would,shall,Tom: Yes. Our foreign teacher _ come with
34、us tonight, but he isnt sure. He may be at his office. Lets ask him to go with us. Rose: I saw him leave his office half an hour ago. He _ be working there at this time. I hear youve got a lot of valuable Australian coins. _ I have a look?,may/ might,cant,May/Might/Can/Could,Tom: What a pity! My fat
35、her requires that they _ not be brought to school.If youre free, I will show you them at my home next Monday. Rose: Wonderful. Where were you last Saturday night? I knocked at the door of your dorm, but nobody answered it.,should,Tom: I was tired after a long hike. Therefore, I _ have been asleep. R
36、ose: Ive heard that my friend Joe met with an accident during the trip. Tom: Dont worry; he _ not have been hurt seriously. He will leave hospital early next Monday.,must,may/might,Rose: I _ have paid a visit to him last Sunday, but something unexpected happened. Tom: We can go to the hospital to vi
37、sit him this Sunday Morning. Rose: Fine.,could/would/should/might,1. It was so noisy that we _ hear ourselves speak. (2015浙江)A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. mustnt D. neednt 2. You _ be careful with the camera. It costs! (2015四川)A. must B. may C. can D. will,高考链接,A,A,3. You _ feel all the training a waste
38、d of time, but Im hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it. (2015陕西)A. should B. Need C. shall D. may 4. Cant you stay a little longer? Its getting late. I really _ go now, My daughter is home alone. (2015北京)A. may B. can C. must D. dare,D,C,写作,续写是根据所提供的材料，展开合理、充 分的想象，构思适当情节，对原文延伸。 续写
39、的要求： 1. 在读懂原文基础上，以原文内容为起点，写出故事情节的发展和变化； 2. 续写的内容要有明确的中心或主题，做到合情合理、真实生动； 3. 续写文章要在主要人物思想行为、性格特点、语言特点和风格上与原文保持一致。,如何续写故事结尾,续写注意事项： 1. 展开想象，合理推测情节的发展。展开想象是对原文故事没有写出的情节展开合理的推想，从多角度去想象，想象出几种情况，几种结果，从中加以选择。 2. 前后照应，防止自相矛盾。续写要注意前后照应，防止自相矛盾，要与上文紧密联系，使上下文融为一体。,【写作任务】 根据课本第7页上的课文A SAD LOVE STORY用英语续写一篇短文。 注意：
40、1. 写出两个人的误会和前后态度的变化以及故事的结局；2. 词数120左右。 _ _ _ _,【参考范文】. All thoughts rushed into Li Fangs head at the same time. “What should I say? She must have got the wrong place.” Finally he decided to tell her the truth. “Forgive me, honey! Nothing unusual happened to me! I had been waiting for you in the coff
41、ee shop since 7 oclock. Thinking you could not love me, I was so heart-broken that I threw the chocolates and roses away. You know I love you so much.,Can you give me another chance? Ill buy you the most beautiful roses and the sweetest chocolates,” Li Fang said honestly.“I dont need any chocolates
42、or roses. If only you would stay with me forever! Your honesty is the best gift for me,” Hu Jin said. They walked down the street hand in hand.,巩固练习,I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. Dolphins have sometimes been known to save _ (drown) swimmers. 2. The country has made great advances since _ (independent). 3. Th
43、e land is only to be used for _ (agriculture) purposes.,drowning,independence,agricultural,4. We need to be more _ (energy) in promoting our new products. 5. It was with great _ (sad) that we learned of the death of William Hales. 6. Who gave you the _ (permit) to leave class early?,energetic,sadnes
44、s,permission,II. 用适当的介词填空。 1. The department has been starved _ resources. 2. Just remember to get permission _your mother to use her car. 3. Alan apologized _ the people who had been affected. 4. The athletes were presented with flowers_ arrival at the airport. 5. These naughty children loved playi
45、ng tricks _ each other.,for,from,to,on,on,6. My kid has a lot of fun _ that new toy. 7. Is there any particular thing you are looking forward _ next year? 8. His past record is certainly something to be proud _.,on,to,of,in memory of, set off, day and night, for a little while, turn up, keep ones wo
46、rd, hold ones breath, dress up,III. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。 1. You need to convince the boardmembers that you will work _ to make the project a reality. 2. The monument was built _ those who died for their country.,day and night,in memory of,3. If you want to do business with others,you must
47、_. 4. Andrew _ as he watched the daring performance. 5. If you dont _ in half an hour, we will go to the concert without you. 6. The old couple have _ on a trip round the world.,keep your word,held his breath,set off,in memory of, set off, day and night, for a little while, turn up, keep ones word, hold ones breath, dress up,
