1、Unit 3 Language in use,动词的语态 （1）主动语态和被动语态英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：,We plant trees.我们种树。（主动语态）Trees are planted by us.树是由我们种的。（被动语态）,记忆口诀是：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。如： People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in th
2、e south of the country. The school doesnt allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. My aunt invites me to her dinner party. I am invited （by my aunt） to her dinner party.,（2）使用主动语态和被动语态的不同情况,如：This book is deeply loved by
3、children.这本书深受孩子们的喜爱。English is spoken in the USA.美国通用英语。It is said that the temperature tomorrow will be 40.据说明天的气温将高达40。,（3）一般现在时的被动语态的各类句式1）肯定句：主语+am/is/are+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行者）；2）否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行者）；3）一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行者）；4）特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+动词过去分词（+by+动作执行
4、者）。 如：,The baby is looked after by Betty.这个婴儿由贝蒂照顾。The baby isnt looked after by Betty.这个婴儿不是由贝蒂照顾。Is the baby looked after by Betty?这个婴儿是由贝蒂照顾吗？Whom is the baby looked after by?这个婴儿由谁照顾？【注意】含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。,（4）被动语态的使用条件1）表达“被；遭；受；让”之类的语义时；2）强调动作的承受者时；3）在不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，可省略by+动作
5、执行者。,【话题呈现】本模块围绕“Good books”展开话题，谈论了古今中外的伟人以及他们的著作。通过本模块的学习，要求学生能够写短文介绍和评价自己喜爱的作家及其文学作品，并能运用一般现在时的被动语态来描写自己最喜欢的一本著作。,【佳句荟萃】 We are still influenced by his ideas.我们仍被他的思想影响着。It is still read and loved by people all over the world.它（这本书）仍被全世界的人们阅读和喜爱着。It tells how young people grow, how people love ea
6、ch other and how bad people pay for their actions.它（该书）讲述了年轻人如何成长、人们如何相亲相爱以及坏人如何为他们的行为付出代价。,It is thought to be one of the greatest American stories.它（这本书）被认为是美国最好的小说之一。One of my favourite great books is.我最喜欢的名著之一是The book is written by Mark Twain.这本书由马克吐温所著。,The story is set in the town of St Peter
7、sburg.故事以圣彼德斯堡为背景。Shakespeares plays also make a lot of sense to us today.莎士比亚的戏剧现在对于我们来说也仍然很有意义。Books are not only friends of human beings, but also the ladder of human progress.书籍不仅是人类的朋友，更是人类进步的阶梯。,【写作任务】阅读使人明智，阅读使人充实。某英文报为了了解中学生课外阅读情况，向广大中学生做调查。请根据下面图表信息写一篇短文，介绍课外阅读的益处、你的课外阅读情况及你的阅读计划。,benefits,
8、【写作指导】这是要求写一篇介绍阅读益处、阅读情况与计划的说明文，用第一人称和一般现在时写作。,open up our eyes,wise,educational books,paper books,theyre good for eyes,reading,for hours,important,rich,【自主创作】,【范文展示】,Reading Outside ClassAs we all know, reading has a lot of benefits. The reason why we should read more is that it can open up our eye
9、s. It can also make us wise and our life more colourful. I like reading educational books so I can learn more knowledge. I prefer paper books to e-books, because reading e-books long is bad for our eyes. I used,to read paper books for several hours a week. Now I decide to read every day and spend at least an hour reading.Reading is important to us, for it can change our life and keep us knowledgeable. Reading makes our life rich. That is why I like reading.,【升格点拨】1. 句式“The reason why. is that.”为文章增添了色彩。2. prefer. to.及定语从句、原因状语从句等的运用，体现了作者扎实的语言功底。3. 文章结尾用why引导的表语从句对全文进行总结。,
