1、考点 06 形容词和副词高考频度：【命题趋势】1. 对与形容词和副词有关的构词法的考查仍会成为语法填空的重点之一。2. 形容词、副词的题目侧重考查考生在具体语境中灵活运用形容词、副词的能力。3. 从 高 考 来 看 ， 主 要 考 查 ： 形 容 词 和 副 词 的 比 较 等 级 ； 形 容 词 和 副 词 之 间 的 转 换 ；名 词 转 换 为 形 容 词 等 。【名师指导】形容词和副词是语法填空的必考点，主要以“用括号中所给词的正确形式填空”的形式考查考生。1. 形容词可作定语、表语、补语。因此，在做语法填空时，若句子缺定语、表语或补语，要首先想到用形容词。2. 副词在句中作状语，修饰
2、动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语或整个句子。因此当设空处作状语时，首先考虑要填副词。3. 做语篇型语法填空时，考生还需根据上下文及形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型来判断。短文改错中，本该用形容词时却用了副词或其他词性，或本该用副词却用了形容词，要根据形容词和副词的基本用法判断。此外平时复习时还要注意一些常见的形容词、副词辨析。考向一 形容词、副词的基本用法1.形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，并不表达动作的方式。After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry and tired.经过长时间旅行后，他们三个回到家，又饿又累。2
3、.有些副词还可以作连词，作副词时常放在句末。如：though，(ever)since，in case 等He is old. He works hard，though.Though he is old，he works hard.虽然他年事已高，但他工作还是很努力。3.有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语。如：obviously，naturally ，surprisingly 等Fortunately，he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.幸运的是，他没被淹死，被解放军给救了。Happily for her， her stepmother
4、was kind to her.高兴的是，她的继母对她很好。4.can not/never 与 enough 或 too 连用表示：无论怎样都不过分；越越好。I was riding alone in the street and all of a sudden，a car cut in and knocked me down.我正在大街上独自一人骑自行车，突然一辆小汽车强行超车把我撞倒了。You can never be too careful in the street. 在大街上你越小心越好。1. _，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine
5、 to people through her smile.A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtfulC. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic【答案】 D2.Jim went to answer the phone._，Harry started to prepare lunch.A. However B. NeverthelessC. Besides D. Meanwhile【解析】句意：Jim 去接电话了。与此同时， Harry 开始做午饭。本题考查副词用法。A.然而；B.
6、虽然如此；C.除此之外；D. 与此同时。根据前后句逻辑关系，应选择表示并列关系的D。【答案】 D3.We only had $100 and that was _ to buy a new computer.A. nowhere near enough B. near enough nowhereC. enough near nowhere D. near nowhere enough【解析】 句意：我们只有 100 美元，离买台新电脑的钱还差得远呢。本题考查修饰词顺序。not anywhere near或 nowhere near：far from，not at all 远非，绝不是，为固定
7、短语。【答案】 A4.When it was his turn to deliver his speech，_ ，he walked towards the microphone.A. nervously and embarrassingly B. nervous and embarrassedlyC. nervously and embarrassing D. nervous and embarrassed【答案】D考向二 形容词、副词的比较等级一、平级比较1. as形容词(a/an)名词as表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。It is generally belie
8、ved that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。2. as形容词/副词的原级as与not as/so形容词 /副词的原级as表示同级比较，即两个或两 部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同) 。The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。【特别提醒】as+形容词+as+数量词=数量词+形容词。如：The building is as tall as 100 meters. = The building is
9、100 meters tall. 这栋楼有 100 米。Believe it or not，swimming is _ as any to lose unwanted weight.A. a way as good B.as a good wayC. as a way good D.as good a way【答案】 D【解析】 考查固定短语。 as.as 表示和一样，固定表达方式有asadj./adv. asasadj.a/ann. as等。Its getting dark, but Mr. Chen is still at his office.No surprise. Who else
10、can work as _(hard) as him?【答案】hard二、比较级1. 比较级的修饰语有: rather, much，still, any(否定句、疑问句中), even, far, a lot，a bit, a little, a great deal 等。He is much taller than Yao Ming.他比姚明高多了。The book is better by far than that one.这本书比那本书要好得多。2. 比较级的常见结构：（1 ） “比较级+than”结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。You look much younger th
11、an I do. 你看上去比我年轻多了。She doesnt work harder than you. 她工作不如你努力。（2 ）由 more, fewer, less+名词构成的比较级 more “比多” ，后接复数名词或不可数名词 I have more news books than my cousin.He has more milk than I . less “比少” ，后接不可数名词 He has less water than me. fewer“比少” ，后接复数名词 They have fewer flowers than we . 3. 比较级的特殊结构 （1 ） Th
12、e more,the more表示 “越, 就越”(more 代表比较级)The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。 The happier you are, the more friends you will make.你越快乐，你将会交越多的朋友。 2.“比较级+比较级 ”和“more and more+多音节词原级”表示“越来越”Our school is cleaner and cleaner. 我们的校园越来越干净。 Our city becames more and more
13、beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。 3.the比较级 of the two 名词表示两者中较的那个。The taller of the two boys is my brother.两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。4. “no +比较级+than”结构表示“和一样不”“not +比较级 +than”结构意为“不及” ，表示前者不如后者You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。My handwriting is not better than yours. 我的书法没有你的好。（2017江苏卷 任务型阅读） The birth rate in the 21st
14、 century may be much (71)_ than it was in the 20th.【答案】lower（2017新课标 I 卷语法填空）As 65（a） result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.【答案】worse【解析】考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填 worse。 How did you find you
15、r trip to Water Park in the summer of 2016?I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _ than I expected.A. even much interesting B. far more interestingC. so far interesting D. far from interesting【答案】B【解析】考查形容词。根据后面的“than I expected”可知，此处运用比较级 more interesting，而 far 可以修饰比较级。故选 B。 My brother is much _ at tenni
16、s than me. He has won every match between us.A. worse B. worstC. better D. best【答案】C三、最高级1. 最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing like。The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。Id like to buy the second m
17、ost expensive camera.我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。2. 最高级意义的表达法the +最高级+比较范围This apple is the biggest of the five. nevera(n)+比较级+ 可数名词单数I have never read a better book than this.比较级thanany other单数名词比较级thanall the other复数名词比较级thananyone else比较级thanany of the other复数名词比较级thanthe rest of复数名词或不可数名词eg: 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译
18、)Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.Julia is the tallest girl in her class.否定词比较级最高级。There is no greater love than that of
19、a man who lays down his life for his friends.为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?你对他在会议上说的满意吗？No. It couldnt have been worse. 不，不能再差了。 The weather isnt good enough for an outing, is it?Too much dust. We cant have at this time of the year.A. a worst day B. a worse da
20、yC. a nicer day D. a best day【答案】B She really impressed me a lot for I had never heard voice than hers.A. the more beautiful B. a most beautifulC. a much beautiful D. a more beautiful【答案】D【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意:她的确让我印象深刻,因为我从来没有听过比她的声音更优美的声音。“否定词+比较级“相当于最高级的含义。【巧学妙记】形容词和副词比较等级用法口诀1. 比较级与最高级：两者比较 than 相连，三者
21、比较 the 在前。 2. 同级比较：同级比较用原形，as. as 永不离；as. as 加 not，只言两者是同一，若是 not so. as，后强前弱不看齐。【妙语诠释】 比较级通常和 than 连用，而最高级前通常有定冠词 the；同级比较一般用 as. as 表示与一样，这时谁强谁弱不能比较出来，而 not so. as 则表示后者比前者强，翻译为不如。考向三 倍数表达法表示倍数的句型：(1)A is倍数比较级thanB(2)A is倍数as原级asB(3)A is倍数the名词(size，length，height 等)ofB(4)A is倍数thatofB(5)A is倍数what
22、 引导的名词性从句This building is three times higher than that one.This building is three times as high as that one.This building is three times the height of that one.这个建筑物是那个建筑物的 3 倍高。 The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.今年的产量是 2008 年的三倍。A
23、fter the new technique was introduced，the factory produced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year before.自从新技术被引进以后，这家工厂 2008 年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。1. When you study the local map，youll find this town is_.A. twice the size of that oneB. twice as a large town as thatC. twice as larger as that oneD. twice as
24、 larger a town as that【答案】A2. Peters jacket looked just the same as Jacks，but it cost_his.A.as much twice as B. twice as much asC. much as twice as D.as twice much as【解析】倍数表达法是形容词比较等级中一种很常用的比较级结构。不管用哪种比较级结构来表示比较，表示倍数的词总是放在比较级结构的最前面。【答案】B3.My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than our
25、s，but it is twice_expensive.A.as B. soC. too D. very【答案】A考向四 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词数词描绘词(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) 出处材料性质类别名词a small round tablea tall gray buildinga dirty old brown shirta famous German medical schoolan expensive Japanese sports carTony is going camping with _ boys.A. little two oth
26、er B. two little otherC. two other little D. little other two【解析】由限定词-数词-描绘词-( 大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -性质-名词的公式可知数词，描绘词，性质依次顺序，只有 C 符合答案。【答案】C【巧学妙记】多个形容词修饰一个名词的先后位置的口诀 ：限定描绘大长高， 形状年龄和新老； 颜色国籍跟材料， 作用类别往后靠。其中，限定词包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定词有 all、half、both、分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定
27、词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如:both my hands、all half his income 等。描绘性形容词如：beautiful、bad 、cold、great 等。大长高表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示形状的词如：round square 等。国籍指一个国家或地区的词。材料的词如：wooden, woolen, stone,silk 等。作用类别的词如：medical, college，writing desk，police car 等。 考向五 形容词、副词辨析形容词副词的区别及用法1. late 和 laterHe is late. He is half an
28、hour late. 他迟到了，迟到了半小时。Three minutes later, he arrived. 三分钟后，他来了。2. pleased, pleasing 与 pleasant（1）pleased 的含义是“感到满意，高兴”，后常跟介词 at, with。例如：Im pleased to see you here. 在这儿见到你很高兴。Shes pleased with our programme. 她对我们的节目很满意。（2 ） pleasing 表示“ 令人欣喜的 ”，相当于“giving pleasure”。例如：My sisters progress in dancin
29、g is pleasing. 我姐姐在舞蹈方面的进步令人高兴。The baby has a pleasing voice. 这个婴儿的声音很悦耳。（3 ） pleasant 表示“ 快乐的，愉快的 ”。例如：The girl has a pleasant childhood. 这个女孩有一个快乐的童年。To have a pleasant holiday is my favorite. 过一个愉快的假期是我最喜欢的。3. living, alive 与 live（ 1） living 作 定 语 时 ， 既 可 置 于 所 修 饰 的 名 词 之 前 ， 也 可 置 于 所 修 饰 的 名 词
30、 之 后 ， 译 为 “活 着 的 ,当 代 的 “。在句中充当定语及表语。例如：Not all living things live on sunlight. 并非所有的生物都依赖阳光生存。My grandparents are still living. 我的祖父母仍然健在。（2 ） alive 译为“活着的” ，可以在句中作表语及定语。作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词之后。例如：He may be the busiest person alive. 他可能是世上最忙的人了。Is that sheep dead or alive? 那头羊是死了还是活着？ （3 ） alive 还有“活泼的，活
31、动的，有生机的”之意。例如：You seem very much alive today. 你今天看起来很活跃。（4 ） live 表示“活着的” ，做“ 现场直播” 讲时可以用作形容词、副词，在句子中可以作定语，表语。The programme is live./The programme is broadcast live. 这个节目是现场直播的。4. worth，worthy 与 worthwhile（1 ） worth 意为“ 值得的”，后接 v-ing 形式，构成“be worth doing”结构，也可接表示价格的名词及钱数；（2 ） worthy 意为“ 值得的”，后接“of+
32、名词（或 being+过去分词） ”，构成“be worthy of+名词（或 being done） ”结构或 “be worthy to be done”结构。（3 ） be worthwhile to do sth/doing sth 例如：This coat is worth one hundred yuan. 这件上衣价值一百元。This problem is worthy of being discussed. 这个问题值得讨论。5. too、also、eithertoo 和 also 用于肯定句、疑问句，too 多用于口语，also 多用于书面语， either 用于否定句。To
33、o 常用在句末，also 常用在句中。Are they coming too ? 他们也来吗?She is young and beautiful, and also rich. 她年轻漂亮，而且有钱。He hasnt finished it, either. 他也还没有做完。6. likely 与 possible, probablelikely 的主语可以是 it 也可以是名词或其它代词，而 possible 和 probable 只能用 it 作主语。This strange grass never seen before seems _to be a new plant.A. like
34、ly B. possibly C. probably D. particularly【答案】A7. most 与 mostlymost 做形容词或代词，如：most students, most of us；mostly 为副词，表示大部分情况下，或成分中大部分。如：考向六 几组难点句型详解句型 1：A is 倍数the size/length/weight/heightof B.如：The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场是前一个的四倍大。句型 2：A is to B what C
35、 is to D. 意为“A 对于 B 就如 C 对于 D。 ”如：Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals. 发动机对于机器就如心脏对于动物。句型 3：cant be tooadj. cant beadj.enough 无论都不为过，越越 如：You can never be careful enough. You can never be too careful.你无论怎么小心都不为过。句型 4：tooto 句型的两个意义(1) 表示否定意义，意为 “太 而不能” 。如：This question is too hard for
36、me to understand. 这个问题对我来说太难理解了。(2) 表示肯定意义，意为“非常，很，极”。当 too 后面接 easy，ready, eager, inclined, willing, thankful, delighted 等形容词时，too 表示“很，非常”之意，与 very 表达“很”的意思相同。当 too 前有 all, but, only 等词时，形成 only /but/all tooto do 结构，仍旧表达“非常，很，极” 之意。如：Im too glad to hear that. 我对此感到非常高兴。题组一 基础过关用所给词的适当形式填空1.Are you
37、 satisfied with the result of the exam?Not at all. I cant have a _ (bad) one.2.How _ (disappoint) it was to have missed the train!3.Of the two boys，Jim is the _ (young) one，and he is also the one who loves to be noisy.4.Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as _ (large) as that of th
38、eirs.5.Although parents should take good care of their young children，they dont _ (necessary) do anything for them.6.Mr.Zhang once taught in a remote village in Anhui Province as a volunteer，which was _ (access) only on foot.7.It is difficult to cross the desert by car，but not _ (absolute) impossibl
39、e.8.Did your boss help you with the vital task?No，he allocated each of us our jobs and then went out for something _ (important).9.At that time I knew it had to be a significant day to them. Nothing could be _ (good) if someone offered to help them.10.You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit _
40、(slowly)?题组二 能力提升I.单项填空1.It is said the young man is_ to flee to foreign country because of the campaign against him.A. possible B. maybe C. probable D. likely2.He was _ when he lost all his money. Luckily, a kind man helped him generously.A. desperate B. optimistic C. eager D. cautious3.Mr. Black h
41、as made great achievements in science, but he remains _ and never talks about them.A. silent B. modest C. calm D. active4.There are no _ proposals to reduce the road accidents. We are still seeking inspiration.A. contradictory B. concreteC. confidential D. controversial5.Among _ writers in the world
42、, only a few will become famous later on in life, and _writer is Mo Yan, who has received the Nobel Prize for literature recently.A.so much; such a B. many such; such oneC.so many; one such D.so many; such one6.In many countries, it is a_ practice to offer guests tea or coffee.A. common B. ordinary
43、C. normal D. regular7.I have never heard such an _story, which really makes me _.A. interested; exciting B. interesting; excitedC. interesting; to excite D. interested; to excite8.The factory produced _ in 2014 as the year before.A. twice as many cars B. cars twice as manyC. twice more cars D. twice
44、 so many cars9.When I _ all the experiences that I have had around the world since _ Doctors without Borders, I feel that I have been very lucky to be able to help others and do something _.A. think back to; joining in; worthyB. think over; joining; worthwhileC. think back to; joining in; worthwhile
45、D. look back on; joining; worthwhile10.Extra lessons on Sundays put_ pressure on students, who already have _ homework.A. many; much of B. more; many ofC. more; piles of D. many; numbers ofII.语篇填空Some time ago，a friend of mine，who worked in a part of the city I didnt know very _1_(good)，invited me t
46、o call on him. It took me hours to get there and I took _2_ (greatly) trouble to find a proper spot to park my car. As I was already threequarters of an hour late，I parked my car _3_(quick).At noon，just as I was leaving my friends office，it _4_(sudden) struck me that I had no idea where I had parked
47、 my car. I could _5_(hard) go up to a policeman and tell him that I had lost a small green car somewhere! Walking down street after street，I examined each car _6_(close) and was very happy to see a small green car just behind an old car. But how _7_(disappoint) I was to discover that though the car
48、was _8_(exact) like my own, it belonged to someone else！ Feeling quite _9_(tire) now，I went off for lunch. Some time _10_(late)，I left the restaurant and walked down the street. Turning the corner，I nearly jumped for joy: my car was right in front of me, and there was no problem this time.III. 短文改错假定英语课上老
