1、Unit 3 VOCABULARY,Conservation保护学 The scientific study of the nature and of Earths biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and soci
2、al sciences, and the practice of natural resource management.,sewage污物is waste matter such as faeces or dirty water from homes and factories, which flows away through sewers.mammals哺乳动物are animals such as humans, dogs, lions, and whales. In general, female mammals give birth to babies rather than la
3、ying eggs, and feed their young with milk.,Related Words：,卵生动物：oviparous animal 脊椎动物: backboned animal 爬行动物: creeper 驯养: tamed animal 野生: wild animal,Section 1, Fill in the blanksEvery ten minutes, one kind of animal, plant or insect (1) dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million sp
4、ecies that are alive today will (2)have become extinct twenty years from now.The seas are in danger. They are being (3)filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilizers and (4) pesticides, sewage. If nothing is done about it, one day soon nothing will be able to (5) live in the
5、seas.The tropical (6)rain forests, which are the home of half the earths living things are (7) being destroyed. If nothing is done about it, they will have (8) nearly disappeared in twenty years. The effect on the worlds (9) climate - and on our agriculture and food (10) supplies - will be disastrou
6、s.,( 11 ) Fortunately, somebody is trying to do something about it. In 196 l, the World Wildlife Fund (12) was founded - a small group of people who wanted to (13) raise money to save animals and plants (14)from extinction. Today, the World Wildlife Fund is a large (15) international organization. I
7、t has raised over (16) 35 million pounds for (17) conservation projects, and has created or given support to the National Parks in (18)five continents. It has helped (19) 30 mammals* and birds including the tiger - to (20) survive.,Part 2 Listening for the Gist,1, The dialogue is mainly about making
8、 an inquiry about her laundry. 2, The key words are reception, laundry, shirts, blouses,Wardrobe. 3, Where does the dialogue take place?The dialogue takes place in a hotel.,Section two. Part 1 Dialogue,UN,UN : the biggest international organization which aims at maintaining international peace and s
9、ecurity; promoting development of all economic and social fields; promoting respect of human rights for all people.,Un headquarters: it is built along the Hardson River in New York city.,Official languages:,English ; French;Chinese;Russian; Spanish;Arabic.,Main bodies : 国际法院 （ the International Cour
10、t of Justice; ） 安理会 （ the Security Counsel ）; 联合国开发计划署（United Nations Development Programme - UNDP） 联合国环境规划署（United Nations Environment Programme - UNEP） 联合国贸易和发展会议（United Nations Conferenceon Tradeand Development - UNCTAD）联合国人口基金（United Nations Population Fund - UNFPA）联合国儿童基金会（United Nations Childr
11、ens Fund - UNICEF） 联合国难民事务高级专员公署（Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees - UNHCR） 联合国欧洲经济委员会（United Nations Economic Commission for Europe - UNECE） 世界粮食计划署（World Food Programme - WFP） 亚洲及太平洋经济社会委员会（Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific - ESCAP） 和平利用外层空间委员会（The C
12、ommittee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space - COPUOS）,1. 国际劳工组织（International Labour Organization - ILO） 2. 联合国粮食及农业组织（Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - FAO） 3. 联合国教育、科学及文化组织（United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization - UNESCO） 4. 世界卫生组织（World Health Org
13、anization - WHO） 5. 国际货币基金组织（International Monetary Fund - IMF） 6. 国际开发协会（International Development Association - IDA） 7. 国际复兴开发银行（世界银行）（Intemational Bailk for Reconstruction and Development - JBRD）（World Bank） 8. 国际金融公司（International Finance Corporation - JFC） 9. 国际民用航空组织（International Civil Aviati
14、on Organization - ICAO） 10. 万国邮政联盟（Universal Postal Union - UPU） 11. 国际电信联盟（International Telecommunication Union - ITU） 12 .世界气象组织（World Meteorological Organization - WMO） 13. 国际海事组织（International Maritime Organization - IMO） 14. 世界知识产权组织（World Intellectual Property Organization - WIPO） 15. 国际农业发展基
15、金会（International Fund for Agricultural Development - IFAD） 16. 联合国工业发展组织（United Nations Industrial Development Organization - UNIDO） 17. 国际原子能机构（International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA） 18. 世界贸易组织（World Trade Organization - WTO,Dialogue 1,Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following sta
16、tements are true or false: T 1. Suzanne was already bilingual when she was very small. F 2. She studied other four languages when she was at school. F 3. She still remembers her German very well. F 4. she was very fluent in six languages before she was 25. T 5. she worked as an interpreter in the UN
17、 when she was 28. F 6. She met her present husband in Prague in 1987. T 7. “Sabbatical ”in the dialogue means a long break. T 8. She was still a UN employee when she was in Japan. T 9. She hopes she will get promoted in the nest two or three years. F 10. She would love to learn Chinese very much.,Se
18、ction 2 The Clyde River,苏格兰最有名、最重要的河流(及河湾)。该河源出南部高地沼泽，长约170公里(106哩)。上游水清多鱼，向北穿过河谷，至比格(Biggar)附近急转向西北。在克莱德瀑布一段6.4公里(4哩)内落差达75公尺(250呎)。为利用当地水力，19世纪初在此建棉纺厂，现有数座小水电站。流至克罗斯福德(Crossford)附近形成的宽阔谷地有大片耕地，以出产克莱兹代尔(Clydesdale)马闻名。汉米敦以北流域地区经济以采煤和重工业为主。18世纪后，克莱德河经疏通、加深，可通航至格拉斯哥，使该城迅速成为主要工业城市和世界最大造船业中心。穿过沿海城镇邓巴顿(
19、Dumbarton)和格陵诺克(Greenock)附近景色宜人的田原丘陵后流至克莱德河湾，注入大西洋，全长170公里(106哩)。河湾自邓巴顿至艾尔萨岩(Ailsa Craig)小岛长105公里(65哩)，湾区长期游客不断。沿河主要港口有格拉斯哥、格拉斯哥港、格陵诺克和阿德罗森(Ardrossan)。,Glasgow: largest city in Scotland; a port in west central Scotland; one of the great shipbuilding centers of the world,Glasgow,格拉斯哥是英国第三大城市，苏格兰最大的工商
20、业城市和港口。公元550年建立主教辖区。12世纪由苏格兰国王特许辟为市场。1450年成为皇家自治市。1603年苏格兰与英格兰合并后，促进了经济发展，成为重要的外贸口岸(出口煤炭、毛织品、鱼类、进口烟草、糖等)。产业革命开始后，发展更加迅速,人口从1801年的7.7万猛增到1901年的76.2万，跃居全国第二位，并成为世界最大的造船工业中心之一。,A salmon is a large silver-colored fish. Salmon is the pink flesh of this fish which is eaten as food. It is often smoked and
21、eaten raw.鲑鱼肉,To bear the brunt or take the brunt of something unpleasant means to suffer the main part or force of it. If you conceive a plan or idea, you think of it and work out how it can be done. A tributary is a stream or river that flows into a larger one. A regulator is a person or organizat
22、ion appointed by a government to regulate an area of activity such as banking or industry. To tan animal skins means to make them into leather by treating them with tannin or other chemicals. If a person or company brews beer, they make it. social deprivation物质匮乏,Section Two-Part Two,Key to Ex. A:Ri
23、vers are important to humans because they supply fresh drinking water, serve as home for important fishes, and provide transportation routes.,Section Two-Part Two,Keys to Ex. B: Salmon are very sensitive to environmental conditions and require cool, well-oxygenated water to thrive.2. The closure of
24、factories that had poured toxins and other pollutants into the river boosted water quality significantly and modern sewage processing plants helped eliminate some of the foul smells.,Continued,3. The rivers depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar a
25、nd cotton from the Americas starting in the 1600s.4. The mills and factories that lined the Clyde made steel, textiles and chemicals, tanned leather and even produced candy and brewed alcohol.,Continued,5. When the factories began to close in the second half of the 20th century, working-class Glasgo
26、w, Scotlands largest city, gained a reputation for social deprivation and rough streets.,Section Two-Part Two,Keys to Ex. C:1-4: A C C B5-8: D C B A,Section Two-Part Two,Keys to Ex. D: The Clydes depth and navigability helped make Glasgow an important center for importing tobacco, sugar and cotton f
27、rom the Americas starting in the 1600s. And the city became a center of British shipbuilding and one of the countrys great manufacturing centers during the Industrial Revolution. More recently, its art museums and nightlife have helped drive an economic comeback that has turned the city into a popul
28、ar tourist destination. 2. (Open),Section three: News News item 1,News item 1:Exercise A This news item is about the NATO eastward expansion and its military contribution. Exercise BAt the Prague Summit many people believe the political and military, alliance, created after World War II to provide a
29、 collective security system for the ten West European countries and the United States and Canada, lost its purpose with the collapse of the Soviet Union - for many years, its only threat.Another item on the Prague agenda is a possible war in Iraq. Critics in the United States note that the new comer
30、s have no military forces that can contribute significantly to the new form of conflict. Some observers cite the importance of even minimal contributions, such as participating in NATO border defense, surveillance or peace-keeping operations.,Seven countries are expected to become members of the Tra
31、nsatlantic Alliance at the Prague Summit: Bulgaria*, Estonia*, Latvia*, Lithuania*, Romania, Slovakia* and Slovenia*. For most people in these countries, formally joining the West represents the fulfillment of lifelong dreams.Eastward expansion is not the only issue to be discussed at the Prague Sum
32、mit. Many people believe the political and military alliance, created after World War II to provide a collective security system for the ten West European countries and the United States and Canada, lost its purpose with the collapse of the Soviet Union - for many years its only threat.,NATO expansi
33、on and its post-Cold War role have been the subject of endless debate on both sides of the Atlantic, especially after the terrorist attacks on the United States.A possible war in Iraq is also high on the Prague agenda. Critics in the United States note few of the current candidates for membership ha
34、ve military forces that can contribute significantly to the new form of conflict. Some observers cite the importance of even minimal contributions, such as participating in NATO border defense, surveillance* or peace-keeping operations,News item 2,Exercise B: answer the questions 1.When did Presiden
35、t Bush meet with NATO Secretary General？ One month and one day before the Prague summit, President Bush met with the NATO secretary General. 2. When meeting with President Bush, what did the NATO Secretary General describe the Prague summit as? When meeting with President Bush, the NATO Secretary Ge
36、neral described the Prague summit as “a transformational summit“, perhaps the most important in the history of the alliance. 3.Why did the Bush administration thank the alliance?Because just days after September 11th terrorist attacks, NATO voted to invoke its charter and help defend the United Stat
37、es. 4. What are specialty skills that can be used in unique situation? They are the skills that can deal with chemical weapons or fight in rugged mountains and the like.,One month and one day before the Prague summit, President Bush met with the NATO Secretary General George Robertson and praised th
38、e alliance. At the time, Mr Robertson described the Prague meeting as “a transformational summit“, perhaps the most important in. the history of the alliance.It is a transformation that began with the end of the Cold War, and gained momentum with the September 11 th terrorist attacks on the United S
39、tates. Just days after hijacked planes rammed into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, NATO voted to invoke its charter and help defend the United States. The Bush administration thanked the alliance, asked for NATO help with surveillance flights over the east coast, and then proceeded to launc
40、h a war on terrorism outside the structure of the alliance.,At the Prague meeting - the first NATO summit since the terrorist attacks on America the alliance will take up the creation of a rapid deployment force which could be deployed outside Europe. Members will be asked to commit units with speci
41、alty skills that can be used in unique situations such as forces trained in dealing with chemical weapons or the special challenges of fighting in rugged* mountains.,News item 3,Exercise A: This news item is about the talks between the US president and the Russian president. Exercise B: True or fals
42、e question F 1. President Bush had talks with President Putin before the NATO summit. T 2. The meeting of the two leaders was held in an 18th-century castle near the St.Petersburg airport. T. 3.At the end of the meeting they released a joint statement on Iraq, which was similar to the language appro
43、ved by the 19 NATO member countries. F 4. Mr. Putin didnt believe diplomatic pressure would produce results, so he supported the use of force against Iraq. T 5. NATO actually had expanded to the Russian border, but Mr. Bush tried to assure Russia that it had nothing to fear from NATO expansion.,Pres
44、idents Bush and Putin ended their talks with a joint statement in which they said Iraq must comply with UN demands to disarm or face major consequences.They stressed Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein must comply fully and unconditionally with the latest Security Council disarmament resolution, and they ex
45、pressed concern about the proliferation*of weapons of mass destruction.Russia backed the UN resolution as one of the five permanent memerbers of the Security Council. But Moscow does not support the use of force against Iraq.At the end of their meeting in an 18th-century castle near the St. Petersbu
46、rg airport, Mr Putin said he still hopes diplomatic pressure will produce results. And he urged President Bush to continue to work through the UN.Their statement on Iraq bears a striking resemblance to the language approved by the 19 NATO member countries at the Prague summit. Mr Bush told reporters
47、 that it is important to assure Russia that it has nothing to fear from NATO expansion.,Section 4 Part 1 Feature ReportDirections: Listening to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about a global event known as Earth Hour.,Exercise B Directions: Listen to the news report agai
48、n and complete the following sentences.Scotlands Edinburgh Castle, the Birds Nest stadium in Beijing and the pyramids in Egypt will join the Sydney Opera House in dimming their lights as part of Earth Hour. Ban Ki-moon has said it was the biggest climate change demonstration ever attempted. Organize
49、rs are hoping that up to a billion people will participate in an international effort to cut green house gas emissions, which many scientists blame for a warming climate. Andy Ridley, One of the architects of Earth Hour, says the current financial melt down should not be used as an excuse to delay environmental reforms. In two years, the event has become a large global movement and its aim is to create an enormous wave of public pressure that will influence delegates at a meeting in Copenhagen later this year.,passage,
