1、专题十二 人物故事类阅读+ 科普知识类阅读+七选五+ 短文改错高考题型强化练第 29 页 .阅读理解A(2018 安徽合肥二模)Semi-retired advertising agency owner Stephen Thomas,58,has been investing on and off for the past 30 years.He made money in the dotcom boom but got his fingers burned when the bubble burst in March 2000.When he got access to his pensio
2、n he decided to start investing again,this time with the help of his son Sam.Now the two meet up most afternoons at Stephens home in Sandbach,Cheshire to talk about investments.The day starts at 7 am when Sam looks at company announcements online.These regulatory announcements can include a firms ac
3、counts,general updates or news of mergers(合并) or acquisitions.Sam flags up companies that he thinks look interesting to his dad who then does some more research. Each has an ISA (Individual Savings Account) with AJ Bell,which they use to buy individual stocks and shares.It is a risky way to invest b
4、ut the two like doing their own research on companies and Stephen makes an effort to go to investor presentations and try to meet the CEO and directors of the firms they invest in and to speak to other investors in the companies.They have invested in oil companies and pet care businesses,to name jus
5、t a few.But while the investments of the two men are similar,they do have different approaches.While Sam likes to hold shares for the long term as he is saving money for his future retirement,Stephen likes to buy with any profits he makes.Sam says,“We do not argue because we have separate ISAs.It me
6、ans finally we make our own decisions about which shares to invest in.The only time we might have a disagreement is when we both want to use the login for the news service at the same time.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍山姆和他父亲的投资策略。他们在投资方面的共同之处就是对投资的热情。1.What happened to Stephen in 2000?A.He had to retire from
7、 the agency.B.He gave away all his pensions.C.He got injured in an accident.D.He suffered a loss in his investment.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中“He made money in the dotcom boom but got his fingers burned when the bubble burst in March 2000.”可知,在 2000 年他的投资蒙受了损失。故选 D 项。2.What does the underlined words“flags u
8、p”in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Marks. B.Abandons.C.Takes over. D.Sets up.答案 A解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“These regulatory announcements can include a firms accounts,general updates or news of mergers(合并) or acquisitions.”可知,这些监管公告可以包括公司的账目、一般的更新、合并或收购的消息。再根据第二段最后一句“Sam flags up companies that he thinks look interestin
9、g to his dad who then does some more research.”可知,山姆把那些他认为他父亲会感兴趣的公司标记出来,他父亲会再做一些研究。由此可知,画线部分的意思是“做标记”,故选 A 项。3.How did Stephen usually conduct his own research?A.By meeting clients and other investors.B.By predicting the trend of the market.C.By analyzing some research data.D.By doing ongoing inter
10、views online.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中“.Stephen makes an effort to go to investor presentations and try to meet the CEO and directors of the firms they invest in and to speak to other investors in the companies.”可知 Stephen 通过会见公司总裁和其他投资者来指导自己的研究。故选 A 项。4.In what aspect do Sam and his father share in inves
11、tment?A.The way to deal with the return.B.The percentage of the shares they hold.C.The enthusiasm for the investment.D.The approach to stock market research.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We do not argue because we have separate ISAs.It means finally we make our own decisions about which shares to invest in.”
12、可知,山姆和他的父亲在投资方面的共同之处就是对投资的热情。可知答案为 C 项。B(2018 山西太原二模)Every day when Glen Oliver orders his morning coffee at the drive-through window of a local cafe,he insists on paying for the order of the person behind him.He also asks the restaurant workers to tell the customer to have a great day,in case theyr
13、e not already having one.Oliver has never made a big deal out of his own generous actions until a letter was published by a news website in November.He found out that he had not just bought someone his breakfasthe had saved a life.According to the website,someone had written a letter stating that on
14、 July 18th,he was planning on committing suicide.The writer said that while he was at the drive-through window,he was planning on going home,writing a note and ending his life.When he went to pay for his coffee and muffin,however,the cashier told him that the man in the SUV in front of him had picke
15、d up the tab and told him to have a great day. “I wondered why someone would buy coffee for a stranger for no reason,” said the writer.“Why me?Why today?If I were a religious man,I would take this as a sign.This random act of kindness was directed at me on this day for a purpose.”When the writer arr
16、ived home,he couldnt hold back his tears and started to think about the simple good deed that had affected him so deeply.“I decided at that moment to change my plans for the day and do something nice for someone.I ended up helping a neighbor take groceries out of her car and into the house.”The writ
17、er says that in the months following that fateful event,he does at least one kind thing for others every day.“To the nice man in the SUV,thank you from the bottom of my heart.Please know your kind gesture has truly saved a life,” he said.“On July 18,2017,I had the greatest day.”【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。Glen Ol
18、iver 每天早上为在他后面排队的人买早餐,他的善举无意中挽救了一个想自杀的人的生命。5.What is Olivers act of kindness every day?A.Buying others breakfast.B.Greeting restaurant workers.C.Publishing positive news.D.Taking groceries for neighbors.答案 A解析 细节推理题。根据第一段“Every day when Glen Oliver orders his morning coffee at the drive-through wind
19、ow of a local cafe,he insists on paying for the order of the person behind him.”可知,Glen Oliver 每天早上为在他后面排队的人买早餐,故选 A 项。6.What is special about Olivers act of kindness on July 18,2017?A.It brought him thank-you letters.B.It was reported on a news website.C.It was the first time hed paid for others.D.
20、It stopped someone from killing himself.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第二段“He found out that he had not just bought someone his breakfast he had saved a life.”和第三段“.someone had written a letter stating that on July 18th,he was planning on committing suicide.”故事介绍和下文 “I decided at that moment to change my plans for
21、the day and do something nice for someone.”可知 ,2017 年 7 月 18 日 Glen Oliver 的善举使一个人放弃了要自杀的想法,并决定也为别人做好事。故选 D 项。7.What does the underlined phrase“picked up the tab” mean in Paragraph 3?A.Paid the bill. B.Parked the car.C.Left a message. D.Ordered a drink.答案 A解析 词义猜测题。此处指当这个人为早餐结账时,收银员告诉他,坐在他前面的越野车里的那个
22、人已经给他买了单,与第一段“.he insists on paying for the order of the person behind him.”呼应,picked up the tab 指付款买单,与 paid the bill 同义,故选 A 项。8.How did the writer of the letter feel after the event?A.He felt guilty. B.He felt grateful.C.He felt confused. D.He felt saddened.答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段“To the nice man in
23、the SUV,thank you from the bottom of my heart.”可知,写信者非常感激 Glen Oliver,故选 B 项。C(2018 安徽皖南八校第二次联考)In high school I was very shy,content to hang around with my small group of friends and to concentrate on my courses.I was quickly labeled a “brain”.I did so well that by the end of senior year I had perf
24、ect grades and enough college credits to give up an entire quarter of coursework.But in early June of senior year,the principal called me into the office.He asked me to give a speech at the graduation.I gaped(目瞪口呆地凝视) at him,my heart thumping.This was the reward for my hard work?I mumbled something
25、and fled the office,blaming myself for staying away from physics,a subject sure to have broken up my perfect record.I finally agreed to a compromise.I would share the honor with five other students.I agreed to introduce my friend Judy,who would then give her own,full-length speech.Graduation day soo
26、n arrived.Id been practicing my speech for days,and I had it memorized.The first half hour of the ceremony passed in a blur,and then my moment came.My name was announced.I managed to reach the podium without falling down.I faced my classmates.My voice trembled a little,but mostly it was clear and st
27、rong.But within seconds,I was done and heading back to my seat.I accomplished something Id never dreamed ofI spoke in front of hundreds of people.Although I didnt realize it at the time,the successful completion of that speech gave me the confidence to participate in class at college,to give verbal
28、reports,and to eventually break free of my shyness.I never would have chosen to give a speech at graduationor ever.But Im glad I did.I no longer hesitate when Im faced with the prospect of doing something I dread.I know it may very well turn out to be one of my shining moments.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了
29、第一次演讲的起因、经过和结果以及对自己以后的积极影响。9.Why was the writer called a“brain”?A.She was a bookworm all the time.B.She was the head of her small group.C.She was the most intelligent student.D.She did more coursework for good grades.答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第一段“.concentrate on my courses.I was quickly labled a brain.I did so
30、 well that by the end of senior year I had perfect grades and enough college credits to give up an entire quarter of coursework.”可知作者上学时学习努力,成绩很好,是最聪明努力的学生。所以被称为“brain”,故选 C 项。10.What can we infer from the second paragraph?A.She ruined her health by studying hard.B.She got the reward beyond expectat
31、ion.C.She was grateful for giving a speech.D.She wasnt good at physics at school.答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据第二段“.blaming myself for staying away from physics,a subject sure to have broken up my perfect record.”可知作者的物理成绩不好,打破了她的完美记录。故选 D 项。11.How did the author feel at the beginning of the graduation speech?A.Sc
32、ared. B.Moved.C.Excited. D.Embarrassed.答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据第四段“I managed to reach the podium without falling down.I faced my classmates.My voice trembled a little,but mostly it was clear and strong.”可知毕业演讲开始的时候作者脚步不稳,声音发抖,非常害怕。故选 A 项。12.What did the speech bring to the author at last?A.She had nothing to
33、 fear in life.B.She got rid of her sense of shyness.C.She won enough college credits.D.She desired to become a speaker.答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段“.the successful completion of that speech gave me the confidence to participate in class at college,to give verbal reports,and to eventually break free of my shy
34、ness.”可知这次演讲给了作者在大学里参与课堂、发表口头报告的信心,并最终使作者摆脱羞怯。故选 B 项。D(2018 江西八所重点中学联考)Humans and gorillas shared evolution for 23 million years.Their paths separated only six million years ago.Research on how gorillas communicate can help us understand human language development.Understanding how the brain works h
35、elps us see a connection between language development and non-verbal signs.These signs or movements include things like the way we move our hands or bodies or the different expressions our faces have in different social situations.A new study on gorillas showed that the right side of the body is con
36、trolled by the left part of the brain and it is also the location for language development.Two cameras were used to film all of one apes movements.One of the first results was that gorillas use their right hands more when they are doing actions with their heads or mouths at the same time.This shows
37、that there is a connection between how our brain works and the reason we use one side of our body more than the other.In addition,we can use the results of the study and our knowledge about brains to help us understand more about how language first developed in humans.Dr Forrester,who did the study,
38、says the results can be useful in other ways,such as understanding language development in children.For example,some children have serious illness called“autism” which can stop them communicating normally with people.It might be possible to use the same study method to find out which children have t
39、his illness when they are very young.Doctors will then be able to start treatment early.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普文。文章介绍了大猩猩研究的新发现。通过研究大猩猩如何交流可以帮助我们了解人类语言的发展。13.Which of the following may have a connection with right-handedness?A.Communication. B.Intelligence.C.Social position. D.Social success.答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第二
40、段的最后一句“A new study on gorillas showed that the right side of the body is controlled by the left part of the brain and it is also the location for language development.”可知,大猩猩惯用右手可能和沟通交流有关系。故选 A 项。14.What does the underlined word“it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.The right side of the body. B.The mouth.C
41、.The left part of the brain. D.The front part of the head.答案 C解析 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“A new study on gorillas showed that the right side of the body is controlled by the left part of the brain and it is also the location for language development.”可知,it 代指前面的 the left part of the brain。故选 C 项。15.Who might b
42、enefit most from the results of the study?A.Photographers of gorillas. B.Zoo keepers.C.Researchers on movement. D.Children with certain illness.答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容“Dr Forrester,who did the study,says the results can be useful in other ways,such as understanding language development in children.”以
43、及下面的例子可知,研究结果可能帮助那些有某种疾病的孩子。故选 D 项。16.We can infer from the text that gorillas . A.prefer to use the right hand instead of the left handB.have a complex form of non-verbal communicationC.help us better develop our language abilitiesD.share the same body language with humans答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A new
44、 study on gorillas showed that the right side of the body is controlled by the left part of the brain and it is also the location for language development.”可以推断,大猩猩有一种复杂的非语言交际形式。故选 B 项。.七选五(2018 江西赣州一模)With the development of technology and economy,social media is becoming one of the fastest-growing
45、 industries in todays world.A study conducted by the US Pew Research Center showed that 92 percent of teenagers go online daily. 1 Changing relationshipsHigh school student Elly Cooper from Illinois said social media often reduces face-to-face communication.“It makes face-to-face relationships harde
46、r because of peoples attention given to their phones instead of their friends,” Cooper said.2 Beth Kaplan from Illinois met her long-distance friend through social media.He currently lives in Scotland,but theyre still able to frequently communicate with each other.“I can feel close to someone that I
47、m talking to via FaceTime,”Kaplan said. Wanting to be“liked”3 The 19-year-old Essena ONeill announced on the social networking service Instagram that she was emitting social media because it made her unable to stop thinking about appearing perfect online. 4 Teenagers who get negative comments cant h
48、elp but feel hurt. 5 However,Armin Korsos,a student from Illinois,takes advantage of the comments he receives over social media to improve his videos on the social networking site YouTube.“Social media can help people show themselves and their talents to the world in a way that has never been possib
49、le before,” Korsos said.A.Opening new doors.B.Teenagers attitude towards social media.C.Negative comments can also do great damage to a teenagers self-respect.D.The wide spread of social media has changed nearly all parts of teenagers lives.E.However,the social media is beneficial to long-distance friends.F.The rise of social media has changed the way teenagers see themselves.G.Yet,some think with social media,its easier to start relationships with anyone from anywhere.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了社交媒体的广泛传播,在很多方面改变了青少年的生活。1.D “A study conducted by the US Pew Res
