1、苏教版 1-6 小学英语语法复习要点一、名词复数规则 1 一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-be ds 2 以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes(刷子), watch-watches (手表)3 以 “辅音字母(a 、e 、i、o、u)+y”结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加-es,如:family-families4 以 “f 或 fe”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives5 不规则名词复数: man-men,
2、woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice(老鼠) child-children (孩子)foot-feet, tooth-teeth (牙齿)fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese(中国人) , Japanese-Japanese (日本人)写出下列各词的复数 I _him _this _her _ watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_strawb
3、erry _ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_二、一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍 【No. 1】一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如: The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 1.be 动词:主语+be(am,is,a
4、re)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如: We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加“-s“ 或“-es“。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时的变化 1. be 动词的变化。 否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。 如: He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。 如:-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句:疑问词 +一般疑问句
5、。如: Where is my bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句:主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如: I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用 doesnt 构成否定句。如: He doesnt often play. 一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+ 动词原形+其它。如: - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用 does 构成一般疑问句。如: - Does she go to work by bike? -Yes,
6、she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句:疑问词 +一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work? 动词+s 的变化规则 1一般情况下,直接加-s ,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加-es ,如:study-studies 一般现在时用法专练:一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay
7、_ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they of
8、ten _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her b
9、aby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today?
10、 Its Saturday. 三、按照要求改写句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) _ 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 )_ _ 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答) _ _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_ _ 5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) _ 6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句 ) _ 7
11、. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问) 8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问) _ 9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 ) _10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句) _ 五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games
12、after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _ 三、现在进行时 1 现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为 be+动词 ing. 3现在进行时的否定句在 be 后加not。 4 现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首。动词加 ing 的变化规则1一般情况下,直接加 ing,如:cook-cooking 2以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing,如:make-making, t
13、aste-tasting 3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词: play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空: 1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. L
14、isten .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now. 7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to mus
15、ic. 9. Its 5 oclock now. W e _(have)supper now.10._Helen_(wash ) clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型转换:1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _ _2The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _3I m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _4Tom is reading books in his study .
16、(对划线部分进行提问) _四、将来时理论及练习 一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。 二、基本结构:be going to + do; will+ do. 三、否定句:在 be 动词( am, is, are)l 后加 not 或情态动词 will后加 not 成 wont。 例如:I m going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to h
17、ave a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句: be 或 will 提到句首,some 改为 any, and 改为or,第一二人称互换。 例如:We are going to go on an out this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 1. 问人。Who 例如:Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon. 2.问干什么。What do. 例如:My
18、father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 3.问什么时候。When.例如:Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed? 六、同义句:be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow= I will go swimming tomorrow. 填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_
19、_ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。 _ your mother _ _ go shopping this _? Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你
20、们打算什么时候见面。 What time _ you _ _ meet? 改句子。 5.Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定) Nancy _ going to go camping. 6. Ill go and join them.(改否定)I _ go _ join them. 7. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句) _ _ meet at
21、the bus stop at 10:30. 9. She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问) _ _ she _ _ _ after school? 10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。 11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this af
22、ternoon. 12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week. 13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike. 14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects? 15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and
23、_ (catch) insects. 16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday. 20. I _ (plan) for my study n
24、ow. 五、一般过去时 1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。 2Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化:am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为 was。 (was not=wasnt)are 在一般过去时中变为 were。 (were not=werent) 带有 was 或 were 的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和 is, am, are 一样,即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 not,一般疑问句把 was 或were 调到句首。3句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句:didnt +动词原形,如:Ji
25、m didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句:在句首加 did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。 如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如: What did Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式? 如:Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则:1一般在动词末尾加-ed ,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2结尾是 e 加 d,如:taste-tasted 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,
26、再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变 y 为 i, 再加-ed ,如:study-studied 写出下列动词的过去式 isam_ fly_ plant_ are _ drink_ play_ go_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ taste_ eat_draw_ put _ throw_ kick_ pass_do _ Be 动词的过去时练习(1) 一、 用 be 动词的适当形式填空 1. I _ at school just now. 2. He _ at the camp last week. 3. We _ stu
27、dents two years ago. 4. They _ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year. 6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening. 二、 句型转换 1. It was exciting. 否定句:_ 一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_2. All t
28、he students were very excited. 否定句:_ 一般疑问句:_肯、否定回答:_ 动词的过去时练习(2)一、 用 be 动词的适当形式填空 1. I _ an English teacher now. 2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 5. The little dog _ two years old this year.6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here.
29、 7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday 8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first ofJune. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited. 二、句型转换 1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句:_ 一般疑问句:_ 肯、否定回答:_ 过去时综合练习一、 用动词的适当形式填空 1. It _ (be) Bens birthday last Friday.2.
30、We all _ (have) a good time last night. 3.He _ (jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen _ (milk) a cow on Friday. 5. She likes _ newspapers, but she _ a book yesterday. (read) 6. He _ football now, but they _ basketball just now. (play) 7. Jims mother _ (plant) trees just now. 8. _they _ (sweep) the
31、floor on Sunday? No, they _. 9. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Monday. 10. We _ (go) to school on SundayName _ No. _ Date _一、 用动词的适当形式填空 1. It _ (be) the 2nd of November yesterdayMr White _ (go) to his office by car. 2. Gao Shan _ (put) the book on his head a moment ago. 3. Dont _ the house. Mum _ it yest
32、erday. (clean) 4. What _ you _ just now? I _ some housework. (do) 5. They _ (make) a kite a week ago. 6. I want to _ apples. But my dad _ all of them last month. (pick)7. _ he _ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _. (water) 8. She _ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _ (do) Chinesedances. 9. The students often _ (draw) some pictures in the art room. 10.What _ Mike do on the farm? He _ cows. (milk)