（浙江专版）2019届高考英语一轮复习 第二部分 语法专项突破 第1-10讲（课件+试题）（打包20套）新人教版.zip

1动词的时态和语态单句语法填空Ⅰ1．(2018·浙江台州期末考试)We____________(reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years，but cars are still major source of them.have reduced/have been reducing 解析：由句中的时间状语 in recent years可知，应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。2．(2018·浙江金、丽、衢十二校联考)I just graduated from West Coast University.I____________(receive) job skill training just before that, but I had never worked.had received 解析：此处根据 just before that可知，我在之前受过职业技能的培训，根据上句中的一般过去时可知，此处应用过去完成时。3．(2018·浙江金华十校模拟)Doctors and scientists ____________(learn) a great deal about sleep in the last thirty years.have learned 解析：根据 in the last thirty years可知，本句应用现在完成时。4．(2018·合肥第一次检测)It’s fun for amateurs to try, but to become good at it, not only years of practice but also natural talent ____________(need)．is needed 解析：考查主谓一致和被动语态。 “not only.but also.”作主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则，故此处谓语动词应用单数。natural talent 与动词 need之间是动宾关系，故用 is needed。5．(2018·郑州质量预测)A group of people paraded(游行) through the village, two of them dressed as a lion, going into every home to perform a song for good fortune.I ____________(attract) by this and followed the group, taking photos to share with my family.was attracted 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。该句主语 I和动词 attract之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；该句叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。6．(2018·贵州普通高等学校招生适应性考试)There are many different taboos(禁忌) around the world.A taboo is a social action that is not ____________(allow)．allowed 解析：考查被动语态。该句是一个复合句，在 that引导的定语从句中关系词 that代指 a social action，和动词 allow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。7．(2018·河北七所名校联考)The market，which ____________(call) Train Night Market Ratchada in English, was opened in January 2015 and has become a popular spot for locals and tourists.2is called 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。定语从句说的是现在的客观事实，应该用一般现在时；which(指代 The market)与 call之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。8．(2018·浙江嘉兴基础测试)By that time，she __________(accept) by Yale University and Harvard University in the U．S.had been accepted 解析：根据 by that time可知，此处用过去完成时，she 与accept之间为被动关系，故填 had been accepted。9．(2018·福建五校统考)According to a recent survey, violence did exist in schools. Students showed their fear and parents and teachers also ____________(express) their great concern about it.expressed 解析：考查时态。and 前后并列时态一致，根据句中 showed可知，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。10．(2018·江西南昌一模)At a young age，he__________(move) to Spain and now plays professionally for the FC Barcelona.moved 解析：根据时间状语 at a young age可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。单句改错Ⅱ1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!____________________came→comes 解析：主句为一般将来时，时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来，故用 comes。2．(2016·四川卷短文改错)Both Dad and I planned to do something on Mother’s Day. We get up early in the morning. __________________get→got 解析：根据上句中的 planned可知，事情发生在过去，故应用一般过去时。3．(2018·湖北武昌区高三调研)Finally, I work harder than ever and made great progress in my math.____________________work→worked 解析：由后面的 made可知，此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。4．(2018·西安九校联考)Today, at the local convenience store where I work, an elderly man with a guide dog come in. __________________3come→came 解析：考查动词的时态。这里叙述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。5．(2018·安徽师大附中高三阶段性测试)This morning，I got an email from the library. It said the book I reserved was ready to be picking up. ______________picking→picked 解析：考查动词语态。根据语境可知，pick up和句子逻辑主语book构成动宾关系，故用被动语态。6．(2018·安徽百所重点高中模拟)It’s not the people you came across in your daily life who will stand by you in time of need. ___________________came→come 解析：根据本句主要时态为一般现在时以及此处描述通常的情况可知，此处应用一般现在时。7．(2018·山东省部分重点中学第一次调研)Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran bought a real bed.It was the first time that he have become the proud owner of a bed. ____________________have→had 解析：It was the first time that sb.had done sth.为固定句型。8．(2018·洛阳统一考试)When Dad came home, he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened.____________________has→had 解析：考查动词时态。与 asked呼应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。9．(2018·贵阳监测)Once I went to the market with my mum for a big dinner on Saturday.When we were walking past the stalls，a loud noise was caught my attention.____________________删除 was 解析：考查动词语态。主语 a loud noise与 catch之间构成主谓关系，表主动，故删除 was。10．(2018·福建福州十三中期中考试)Today I’ve got wonderful news to tell you.I had been offered a job at a company in England for my good performance.____________________had→have 解析：根据句意可知，指过去的动作对现在造成的结果，应用现在完成时。语法与写作Ⅲ41．那是我第一次见到外国人。我感到很兴奋，就走上前去向他说了声“hello” 。(the first time, see, foreigner, excited, go up, say “hello” to)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：That was the first time that I had seen a foreigner. Feeling very excited, I went up and said “hello” to him.2．据报道，这个城市附近将建立一个大的化工厂，许多市民强烈反对。(it is reported that, a large chemical factory, citizens, be opposed to)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：It is reported that a large chemical factory will be built near the city and that many citizens are opposed to it.3．由于天气恶劣，航班延误了好几个小时。(owing, flight, delay, couple)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Owing to bad weather, the flight was delayed for a couple of hours.4．明天的这个时候我们就会在一起高兴地交谈。我急不可待地想见到你。(talk together happily, can’t wait to)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：We’ll be talking together happily at this time tomorrow and I can’t wait to see you.5．近来，我一直都在为即将到来的考试做准备，我感到身心疲惫。(prepare for, exhausted, physically and mentally)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：I have been preparing for the coming exams recently, and I feel exhausted physically and mentally.1名词性从句单句语法填空Ⅰ1．(2017·北京卷单项填空)Jane moved aimlessly down the tree­lined street, not knowing ____________she was heading.where 解析：句意：Jane 漫无目的地沿着绿树成荫的街道往前走，不知道要去哪里。此处应用 where引导宾语从句。2．(2018·河北保定、唐山联考)I asked him ____________his father had done so that he became such a good person.what 解析：句意：我问他他的父亲做了什么，使他成为一个如此好的人。设空处引导宾语从句，作 asked的宾语，从句中缺少 had done的宾语，指“什么” ，因此用 what引导该从句。3．(2018·福建安溪模拟)Success partially depends on ____________you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.whether 解析：句意：成功部分取决于你是否有耐心把简单的事情做得完美。设空处引导宾语从句，作介词 on的宾语，意为“是否” ，故填 whether。4．(2018·山东师大附中模拟)My first task was to decide where to go and ____________to get there.how 解析：句意：我的第一项任务是决定去哪里及如何到达那里。根据常识可知设空处表示“如何” ，故填 how。5．(2018·山东泰安期中)Students can choose __________they want to do and register online.what/whatever 解析：句意：学生们可以选择他们想做的(任何)事情并在网上注册。“____________they want to do”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，故填 what或whatever。6．(2018·湖南岳阳一中检测)Mr. White is opposed to repairing the old building, and that’s ____________I don’t agree. where 解析： 句意：怀特先生反对维修那座旧建筑，而那正是我不同意的地方。设空处引导表语从句，从句中 agree 是不及物动词，其后不能直接接名词作宾语。故填where在从句中作状语。7．(2018·福建福州模拟)The problem is ____________one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievement.that 解析： 句意：问题是少睡一小时不等同于额外的一小时的成就。分析句子结构可知，is 后为表语从句，从句的结构和句意完整，故填 that。28．(2018·山东临沂重点中学联考)Twenty­five years later the traveler returned to the same place.____________he saw amazed him. He could not believe his own eyes.What 解析： 句意：25 年后，这位旅行者回到了同一个地方。他所看到的使他震惊。他不敢相信自己的眼睛。设空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作宾语，表示事物，所以用What。9．(2018·福建龙岩五校期中)Therefore, it is advisable ____________you should value and treat them with care.that 解析：句意：因此人们建议你应该珍惜、谨慎对待它们。 “____________you should value and treat them with care”为主语从句，该从句不缺任何成分，故用that引导。10．(2018·福建福州三中期中)They would appreciate it, to be frank，____________the goods could be delivered as soon as possible.if 解析： 句意：坦白地说，如果货物能够尽快被运送，他们将会非常感激。would appreciate it if.表示“如果……将不胜感激” ，it 作形式宾语，if 引导的是真正的宾语从句。单句改错Ⅱ1．(2018·海南海口调研)As students，which we can repay our mothers is to spare no effort to study hard. ____________________which→what 解析：分析句子结构可知，逗号后至 is前的部分为主语从句，引导词在从句中作 repay的宾语，指“什么” ，应用 what引导。故将 which改为 what。2．(2018·唐山模拟)It’s a great pity what we won’t be able to finish the task on time.____________________what→that 解析： It 作形式主语，真正的主语为 that引导的从句。3．(2018·吉林长春监测 )That is known to us that respect for one’s parents is one of Chinese traditional moral values. ____________________That→It 解析：It is known to us that.为固定句式，表示“我们都知道，众所周知” ，其中 It为形式主语，that 引导的主语从句为真正的主语，故将 That改为 It。4．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. ____________________3where→that 或删除 where 解析：在从句 his parents were missing中不缺成分且意思完整，故将 where改为 that或删除 where。1形容词和副词单句语法填空Ⅰ1．(2018·福建六校联考)Staying ____________(health) while traveling can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one.healthy 解析：句意：在旅行的过程中保持健康有助于确保你的旅途开心、愉快。stay为系动词，意为“保持” ，其后常接形容词作表语。故填 healthy。2．(2018·河南信阳高中联考)At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very ____________(anger) about it.angry 解析：句意：起初，许多人不喜欢这种绘画风格，并对此感到很生气。系动词became后面应用形容词作表语，故填 angry。be angry about sth.意为“对某事感到生气” ，为固定短语。3．(2018·郑州质量预测)On New Year’s Day, we visited every neighbor in the village and were greeted ____________(warm) at each house.warmly 解析：考查副词。根据空前的 were greeted可知，空处修饰动词，故用副词形式。4．(2018·南昌十校模拟)It is ____________(clear) shown that many middle school students have physical and mental problems.clearly 解析：此处修饰过去分词 shown，要用副词。clearly“清晰地” 。5．(2018·广东湛江调研)The more support you win from others, the ____________(fast) you will move toward your goal.faster 解析：句意：你赢得别人的支持越多，就会越快地接近你的目标。此处为“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，意为“越……越……” 。因此，设空处应用比较级。故填 faster。6．(2018·湖北八校第一次联考)Whatever happens in China, the third ____________(large) country in the world with 20 percent of the world’s population, will certainly shape the immediate and distant futures of us all.largest 解析：考查形容词最高级。由空前的 the third可知，此处表示最高级的含义，故用形容词最高级修饰名词 country。7．(2018·湖北华大联盟高三质检)The boy looked at his father ____________(hope) because he thought his father had brought him a present.hopefully 解析：修饰动词短语 looked at应用副词形式。8．(2018·山东临沂一模)It is one of the most __________(amaze) TV shows from an artistic point of view.2amazing 解析：句意：从艺术的角度，那是最惊人的电视节目之一。设空处后为名词，由此可推出设空处应为形容词作定语。amazing 惊人的。9．(2018·昆明质量检测)If we can focus on encouraging kids to drink more water—a low－cost, sugar－free drink—we can improve their drinking habits, which may allow many kids to feel ____________(great) throughout the day and do better in school.greater 解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“and do better in school”可知，空处与此处对应，应用形容词的比较级。10．(2018·江西红色七校联考)He sat down and started ____________(gentle) talking to the dog.gently 解析：句意：他坐了下来开始温柔地和狗谈了起来。此处需用副词 gently作talking的状语。单句改错Ⅱ1．(2018·重庆西北狼教育联盟第一次联考)He was a European billionaire who got everything he wanted. Therefore, in the last twenty years of his life, his health began to get worse and he led a miserable life. ____________________Therefore→However 解析：考查副词。上文说他是一位欧洲亿万富翁，得到了他想要的一切，该句说在他生命里的最后二十年，他的健康状况变得越来越糟。上下文为转折关系，故用 However。2．(2018·云南八校区调研)I don’t think that it is a truly eco－travel. An eco－travel not only allows us to express our love for nature, but needs our responsibility as well.____________________truly→true 解析：考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词 eco－travel。3．(2018·长沙一模)The American TV show The Voice is one of my most favorite amusement shows.____________________删除 most 解析：考查最高级。句意：美国电视节目《美国之声》是我最喜欢的娱乐节目之一。favorite 意为“最喜欢的” ，无最高级形式。4．(2018·皖北协作区联考)We telephoned the doctors and an old man was sent to the hospital in no time. We felt happily to help him. ____________________happily→happy 解析：feel 是系动词，后面要用形容词作表语。故将 happily改为3happy。5．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ短文改错)At one time, I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. ____________________freely→free 解析：句意：我甚至一度觉得父母不能理解我，于是我希望能够不受他们的束缚。系动词 be后用形容词。1助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气单句语法填空Ⅰ1．(2018·江西师大附中等五校联考)It has been accepted that all the students ____________put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.shall 解析：在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、制度，应用 shall。2．(2017·天津卷单项填空)My room is a mess, but I ____________not clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.need 解析：由后面的“I can do it in the morning.”可知，此处表示“没必要今晚打扫” ，故用 need 符合语意。3．(2015·四川卷短文改错)What do you think I should do？If you ____________(be) me，would you talk to them?were 解析： 根据语境可知，此处 If 引导的虚拟条件句是对现在事实的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词应用过去式。4．(江苏卷)It was sad to me that they，so poor themselves，____________bring me food.should 解析： 句意：让我难过的是，他们自己那么贫穷，竟然还给我带来食物。should 可以表示说话人惊讶的语气，意为“竟然” 。5．(2018·四川成都七中段考)The young firefighter insisted that he ____________(be) well­prepared and should be sent there to put out the fire.was 解析： 句意：那位年轻的消防员坚持说他准备好了，并且坚持要去那里救火。当 insist 意为“坚持说；坚持认为”时用陈述语气，且根据主句时态为一般过去时可知，从句也应用过去时。且此处表达的是说话时所处的一种状态，故用一般过去时。故填was。6．(2018·安徽黄山质检)—I’m afraid I have to leave now, for you see，he is waiting for me.—Well，if you ____________，at least wait till the heavy rain stops.must 解析： 句意：——恐怕现在我不得不离开了，因为你知道，他在等我。——好的，如果你非得走，至少要等到大雨停了再走。根据语境可知填 must，意为“偏要；非得”。7．(2018·安徽江淮十校联考)As the deadline is drawing near, no one ____________leave with his own work uncompleted.shall 解析： 句意：由于截止日期即将到来，不完成工作，任何人不许离开。shall2用于第三人称陈述句中，表示命令、警告，符合句意。8．(四川卷)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother ____________take me to Disneyland at weekends.would 解析： 句意：我还记得自己快乐的童年，那时，我妈妈常常在周末带我去迪斯尼乐园。此处 would 表示“过去常常” ，指过去习惯性的动作。9．(江西卷)When I was a child，I ____________watch TV whenever I wanted to.could 解析： 句意：我小的时候，想什么时候看电视，就什么时候看。此处发生在过去，用情态动词 could 表示“能够，被允许” ，相当于 was allowed to。10．(浙江卷)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation，or they __________(come) to our help.would have come 解析： 句意：在我们进行调查的几个月里，他们在国外，否则他们会来给我们帮忙的。or 意为“否则” ，语境中隐含了一个条件，故本句为含蓄条件句。由上句中的 were 可知设空处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故主句谓语应用 would have done 形式。单句改错Ⅱ1．(2018·南昌十校模拟)As a result，I suggest we are given less homework and more time for out­of­classroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.____________________are→be 解析：虚拟语气错误。suggest 在此处表示“建议” ，因此其后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋do”形式，且 should 可以省略。故此处应把are 改为 be。2．(2018·郑州预测)He became very angry, but I dared not to tell him about the game.____________________删除 to 解析：考查情态动词。dare 既可以作情态动词又可以作实义动词。dare 的过去式为 dared，此处其前没有用助动词，说明 dare 在此用作情态动词，故后跟动词原形。3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)I should available any time after school next week.____________________should 后加 be 解析：助动词后如果跟形容词应该加 be。4．(2016·江苏卷)Therefore，rules should worked out and strictly observed.____________________should 后加 be 解析：句意：因此，应该制定规则并严格遵守。rules 和 work out3之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态。5．(2018·四川成都五校联考)People neglect the fact that our parents are the dearest persons in the world, so we should nice to our parents. ____________________should 后加 be 解析：情态动词后用动词原形，而 nice 为形容词，因此其前缺少 be动词，故在 should 后加 be。6．(2018·河北“五个一”名校联盟联考)There will a lecture in our library, at 4：00 on Wednesday afternoon. ____________________will 后加 be 解析：情态动词后用动词原形，而 a lecture 为名词，因此缺少 be 动词，故在 will 后加 be。7．(2018·湖南衡阳八中模拟)It is true that no one should live without money in modern society. ____________________should→can 解析：根据句意可知，表示“能，能够” ，应用 can。