1、Section Language Points()(Warming Up，Prereading，Reading & Comprehending)语 言 基 础 自 测.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1Heat gradually destroys(破坏)vitamin C.2We followed his tracks (足迹)through the snow.3His parents and his little brother lost their lives in the disaster(灾难)4The reporters words have shocked(使震惊)al
2、l of the scientists.5They built a rough shelter(庇护处)from pieces of old wood.6It was quite an event when a woman first became prime minister.7Our country is a developing nation8Even if earthquakes often happen in that country，they seldom cause serious damages.9They dont have enough electricity，so the
3、 villagers go to bed early.10Luckily， the little girl was rescued by a kindhearted man.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1use n用途 vt.使用 useful adj.有用的；有益的useless adj.无用的；无效的；无益的2injure vt.损害；伤害 injury n( 身体上的)伤，损害 injured adj. 受伤的3destroy vt.毁坏；破坏；消灭destruction n破坏；毁坏4shock vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动 n震惊；打击；休克shocked adj.震惊
4、的5nation n民族；国家；国民national adj.国内的；国家的；国立的寻 规 律 、巧 记 忆 n.lessadj. n.“al”adj.hopeless 没有希望的homeless 无家可归的helpless 无助的agricultural 农业的musical 音乐的educational 教育的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1right away 立刻；马上2in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪3at an end 终结；结束4cut across 横穿，横跨5as if 仿佛；好像6soon after 在之后不久7dig out 掘出；发现8a great number
5、 of 许多；大量的.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1He behaved as if nothing had happened.2My holiday is at an end and I must go back to work tomorrow.3He was dug out from under the snow.4A number of soldiers were sent to guard the building.5Mick wants to see you in his office right away寻 规 律 、巧 记 忆 prep.冠词名词介词 inn.介词短语at
6、 a loss 困惑by the way 顺便说下on the air 正在传播in peace 和平in silence 默不出声in turn 依次.经典句式仿写1You have time to take only one thing.你只有时间带走一件东西。记句式结构不定式作定语仿写促落实She didnt get the opportunity to study abroad.她没有得到出国学习的机会。2In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃东西
7、。记句式结构too.to.结构仿写促落实The hat is too large to wear.这顶帽子太大，没法戴。3Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。记句式结构v.ing 作伴随状语仿写促落实He sat at the table reading China Daily.他坐在桌子旁看中国日报 。4It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！记句式结构as if 引导状语从句仿写促落实She looks as if she were
8、 ten years younger.她看起来好像年轻了10 岁。5Onethird of the nation felt it.全国三分之一的地方都有震感。All of the citys hospitals，75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone.市内所有的医院、75%的工厂和建筑以及 90%的住宅都不复存在了。记句式结构“分数/百分数of名词”作主语仿写促落实About one third of the books are worth reading.这些书中大约有1/3 值得一读。核 心 要 点
9、 探 究burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n.突然破裂；爆发(教材 P26)In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。(1) 突然哭起来/笑起来burst out crying/laughingburst into tears/laughter)burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支(2)burst in/into 闯进；突然破门而入There was a burst of laughter in the room when I passed by.我经过
10、时，房间里传来一阵笑声。On hearing the news，Mary burst into laughter(laugh) while Lucy burst out crying.一听到这则消息，玛丽突然大笑起来，而露西则突然大哭起来。I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.我觉得自己高兴得心花怒放。 图形助记 爆裂 突然 (大笑) 冲，闯进，突然出现think little of 不在意，看轻(教材 P26)But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these e
11、vents， were asleep as usual that night.但是这座城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事，那天晚上照常睡觉了。think highly/well/much of. 对高度评价/ 重视think poorly/little/nothing of. 轻视/认为无所谓think ill/badly of. 认为不好I don t think much of his idea.我认为他的主意不怎么样。She thinks nothing of walking thirty miles a day.她认为一天步行三十英里不足为奇。特别提醒 当 think high
12、ly/well/much of 用于被动语态时，副词应放在其修饰的动词前，且 of 不能遗漏，即 be highly/well/much thought of。What he said was well/highly/much thought of.他的话受到高度评价。(教材 P26)It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！(1)【要点提炼 】 as if as though“仿佛；好像” ，在句中引导表语从句，常跟在特定动词后面，如 seem，appear ，look，taste ，sound，feel 等。(1)当说话者认为句子所述
13、的是真实的、极有可能发生或存在的事实时，as if 从句要用陈述语气。(2)当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的、极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词” 。从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might 动词原形” 。Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain.Lets hurry up.看看天上的云彩！看起来要下雨。咱们快一点。He opened his mouth as if
14、 he would say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。(与将来事实相反)It looks as if she were(be) an angel.她看上去像一位天使。(与现在事实相反)He talks about Rome as if he had been(be)there before.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。(与过去事实相反)(2)at an end 结束；终结(1)at the end of 在末端by the end of 到为止(用于完成时 )in the end 最后；终于(2)Error! (使)结束；终结come to an end 结束All r
15、eports must be sent in by the end of this week.所有的报告必须在本星期以前交齐。The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.当我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。Freedom may come to an end in the digital age.在数字时代，自由或许会终结。The time has come to put an end to the conflict.结束冲突的时候到了。ruin n废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产(教材 P26)In fiftee
16、n terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的 15 秒钟内，一座大城市沦为了废墟。(1)be/lie in ruins 成为废墟；毁灭fall into ruin 成为废墟；毁了(2)ruin ones hope/chance 使某人的希望破灭/ 机会失去ruin oneself 自我毁灭That mistake ruined his chance of getting the job.那个错误使他失去了得到那份工作的机会。The ancient temple has fallen into ruins and needs repairin
17、g.这座古老的庙宇已经破败不堪，需要修理。injure vt.损害；伤害(教材 P26)Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。(1)injured adj. 受伤的；受委屈的the injured 伤员(作主语时，谓语用复数 )(2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害do an injury to sb. 伤害某人Jack injured his leg when he was playing basketball yesterday.昨天杰克打篮球时把腿弄伤了。You shou
18、ld stretch at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries(injure)为了避免伤害，每次跑步之前你应该至少热身十分钟。If you try and lift that suitcase youll do yourself an injury(injure)如果你试图提起那只箱子，你就要受伤了。易混辨析 wound/injure/hurt/harm指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤，尤指在战斗中受伤。“损害；受伤” ，指由于意外或事故而受伤，着重指容貌、机能的损坏。指肉体上，也可指精神上的伤害。也可为“疼痛；痛苦；伤心” 。
19、指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。常用短语 do harm to 意为“ 对有害” 。选词填空 (wound/injure/hurt/harm)The soldier was wounded in the arm in the war.She was slightly injured in an accident during the work.I was very much hurt at his words.This bright light will do great harm to your eyes.shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动n休克；打击；震惊(教材 P26)
20、People were shocked.人们震惊了。(1)be a shock to. 使吃惊(2)shocked adj. 震惊的；惊讶的be shocked at/by 对吃惊be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊(3)shocking adj. 令人震惊的It was quite a shock to see my face on that screen!从那个屏幕上看到我的脸，真让人惊愕不已！Rescue workers were shocked(shock) by what they saw.救援人员被眼前的景象惊呆了。语境助记 People were shocke
21、d to see that the UFO was flying over the city.The shocking news shocked all the people around，which was also a great shock to people all over the country.人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行，这个让人震惊的消息震惊了周围的人们，也震惊了全国各地的人们。(教材 P26)Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟
22、下面。(1)rescue n & vt.援救；营救rescue sb./sth.from. 把从营救出来come/go to ones rescue 来/去营救某人come/go to the rescue 来/去援救a rescue team 救援队The police came to his rescue and sent him home.警察救了他，并把他送回了家。Tom rescued a boy from the river on his way home.汤姆在回家的路上从河里救了一个男孩。语境助记 As soon as the accident happened，the res
23、cue team came to the victimsrescue，and they didnt give up any hope of rescuing them from danger.事故一发生，救援队就来营救受害者了，并且他们没有放弃使他们脱离危险的任何希望。(2)trap vt.使陷入困境 n.陷阱；困境(1)be trapped 使陷入困境trap sb.into(doing)sth. 诱骗某人做某事(2)set a trap 设置陷阱；布下圈套fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套The politician tried to set a trap for his
24、 opponent by talking about the war.这个政客想通过谈论战争使他的对手落入圈套。The car was trapped(trap) in the deep snow.汽车陷入了厚厚的积雪中。They trapped her into marrying him.他们诱骗她嫁给他。 (教材 P26)All hope was not lost不是所有的希望都破灭了。【要点提炼】 该句是表示部分否定的句型。all.not.not all.，意为“并非所有的都” 。(1)当 not 与 all，both，everyone，everything，everywhere 等词连
25、用时为部分否定，意为“并不都” 。(2)当 not 与 any，anyone，anywhere，anything 连用或出现no，nothing，nobody，nowhere，none 时是完全否定。Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。Every boy is not interested in sports.Not every boy is interested in sports.并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。None o
26、f the answers is right.答案都不对。bury vt.埋藏；掩埋；隐藏(教材 P26)The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。(1)bury.in. 把埋到里；使沉浸于bury ones face in hands 双手掩面(2)be buried in 埋头于；专心于；沉浸于bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于；沉浸于He buried his face in his hands.他双手掩面。B
27、uried (bury)in his study，he didnt know that the others had left.他埋头学习，不知道其他人已经离开了。Since his wife left，he buried himself (he) in his work.自从妻子离开以后，他就埋头于工作。图形助记 一词多义的“bury”bury掩 埋 bury oneself in study专 心 学 习解构长句难句1(教材 P26)Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.【
28、分析】 本句是 and 连接的并列句， many children were left without parents 是 left many children without parents 的被动形式。 without parents 是介宾短语，在第二个分句中作主语补足语，表示主语所处的状态。【翻译】 成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。2(教材 P26)But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events， were asleep as usual that night.【分析】 本句是一
29、个主从复合句。who 引导的是非限制性定语从句，people 是先行词，在从句中作主语。【译文】 但是，这座城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事，那天晚上照常睡觉了。3(教材 P26)A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses，roads and canals.【分析】 本句是一个复合句。that 引导的是定语从句， crack 是先行词，在从句中作主语。【译文】 一条 8 千米长 30 米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房屋、马路和水道。随 堂 效 果 落 实.单句语法填空1H
30、earing the words，she got angry and burst out (cry)2People present at the meeting felt (shock)at the news.3A number of people were trapped the ruins when the earthquake happened.4He spoke English perfectly as if he (live)in England for many years.5My brother majored in (electricity)engineering in the
31、 university.6An old house gave shelter the storm.7Twofifths of the land in that district (be)covered with trees and grass.8He was a very warmhearted and hardworking man，and was highly (think) of by his leader.9The student is answering the question is John.10The church is situated one or two miles th
32、e west of the village. 【答案】 1crying 考查固定搭配。句意：听到这些话，她生气了，并突然大哭起来。burst out doing sth. burst into sth.意为“突然 起来” ，故此处用 crying，表示突然大哭起来。2shocked 考查词形转换。句意：出席会议的人对这则消息感到震惊。shocked 和 shocking 是分词化的形容词。 shocked 一般修饰人，用来说明人内心的感受，意为“震惊的” ；shocking 一般修饰物， 用来说明某物使某人产生的感受，意为“令人难以置信的” 。3in 考查介词。be trapped in st
33、h.意为“被困于” ，为固定短语。4had lived 考查虚拟语气。句意：他英语讲得非常好，好像他曾在英国生活了很多年似的。此处 as if 引导的从句中应使用虚拟语气，当句子所述的情况与过去事实相反，从句中的谓语动词用“had 过去分词” 。5electrical 考查词形转换。句意：我哥哥在大学学习电气工程专业。electrical 表示 “与电有关的” ，如 an electrical engineer“电气工程师” 。6from 考查固定搭配。句意：一间旧屋子成了躲避暴风雨的地方。shelter 作名词有“遮蔽， 庇护”之意，也可作动词，意为“为提供庇护处” ，都和 from 连用。
34、 7is 考查主谓一致。句意：那个地区五分之二的土地被树和草覆盖。“分数of 名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由 of 后的名词决定。land“土地” 为不可数名词，故谓语动词用单数形式。8thought 考查固定搭配。句意：他是一个很热心和工作努力的人，受到了他的领导的高度评价。think highly of sb.“对某人评价很高” 。根据空前的was 可知 ，本题考查本结构的被动形式。9who/that 考查定语从句。句意：正在回答问题的那个学生是 John。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指人，故用who/that。10to 考查介词。句意：这座教堂坐落在那个
35、村庄以西一两英里处。to the west(of sth.)为固定搭配 ，意为“以西” 。.单句改错(每个句子仅有 1 处错误)1After the wave came，the sand castle on the beach lay in ruin.ruinruins2The great number of children whose parents had died in the earthquake were sent to live with families in other cities.第一个 TheA3He loves reading，and two thirds of hi
36、s money are spent on books.areis4Burying in his scientific study，the scientist knows nothing about the matter.BuryingBuried 或 Burying 后加 himself5When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it is broken.第二个iswere.完成句子1当他说出这句话时，听到的人都大笑起来。Everyone who heard it just burst out laughing/bur
37、st into laughter when he came out with it.2自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上。Since she left，he has been buried in/buried himself in his work. 3她好像一个天使。It seems as if she were an angel4在过去的五年里很多问题被解决了。A great number of problems have been solved in the past five years.5据我所知，他们俩都不抽烟。As far as I know，both of them dont smoke.
