2019高考英语 词汇考查+题型练 Unit 1-5（含解析）（打包5套）新人新版必修4.zip

1Unit 1李仕才词汇考查+词汇应用必修四 Unit 1一、词汇复习（一）单句语法填空1．I have an appointment ______Dr. Brown, but I need to change it. 答案：with 句意为：我与布朗先生有约，但我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb.意为“与某人有约” ，为固定短语。2．(2015·陕西西安联考改编)Whoever comes here to have the meeting will be treated ________ a wonderful dinner. 答案：to 句意为：所有来这儿开会的人都将享用美好的晚餐。treat sb. to sth.意为“款待，招待某人享用……” ，是固定短语。3．(2015·浙江名校联考改编)Anyway, I can't tell lies about it—it's ________ my principles, you know. 答案：against 句意为：无论如何，对于这件事我不能说谎，你知道这违背了我的原则。against 意为“反对；违反” ，符合句意。4．(2015·浙江，3)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes ________ animals both on land and sea？ 答案：to be home to.“是……的家园” 。5．(2015·陕西，12 改编)The little pupil took his grandma ________the arm and walked her across the street. 答案：by “take sb. by＋身体部位”为固定搭配，意为“抓住某人的……” 。句意：那个小学生抓着他奶奶的手臂，领她过了街道。拓展：The police took the thief by the collar and took him to the police station.“警察抓住那个小偷的衣领，把他带到了警察局。 ”（二）英汉互译1.achievement n.__________2.△Joan of Arc__________3.△Elizabeth Fry __________4.△Quaker n. __________5.welfare n. __________6.project n. __________7.institute n. __________28.△China Welfare Institute __________9.specialist n. __________ 10.△specialize vi. __________11.△Jane Goodall __________12.△chimp n. __________13.connection n. __________14.human being __________15.△Jody Williams__________16.campaign n. __________17.△landmine n. __________18.organization n. __________19.△Gombe National Park __________20.behave vt. & vi. __________ 21.behaviour (=behavior) __________22.shade n. vt. __________23.move off __________24.worthwhile adj. __________25.nest n. __________26.bond n. __________27.observe vt. __________28.observation n. __________29.childhood n. __________30.outspoken adj. __________31.respect vt. & n. __________32.argue vt. & vi. __________33.argument n. __________34.entertainment n. __________35.lead a … life __________36.crowd n. vt. __________37.crowd in __________38.inspire vt. __________39.△inspiration n. __________40.support n. & vt. __________41.look down upon/on__________342.refer vi. __________43.refer to__________44.audience n. __________45.by chance__________46.come across __________47.△career n. __________48.rate n. __________49.sickness n. __________50.intend vt. __________51.emergency n. __________52.generation n. __________53.△determination n. __________54.kindness n. __________55.considerate adj. __________56.consideration n. __________57.deliver vt. __________58.carry on __________59.modest adj. __________二、阅读理解AWhen I was in the sixth grade, I became a big K-pop (Korean pop) fan. Almost half the students at my middle school were Korean and almost all of them listened to Korean music, especially K-pop. I had never been interested in it. It sounded too strange to me, but all changed in the sixth grade when the huge hit Gee came out. All my friends were singing the chorus and imitating the dance. Gee fever sucked me into K-pop. It became my life. I listened to K-pop non-stop and filled my iPod with it. In a month, I had memorized the names of countless members of boy and girl bands and stuck pictures of my singer ＂boyfriends＂ on my walls. I would ditch my weekend art and math classes and go to concerts with my friends. This would always result in my mom shouting that I was wasting my life. My mom thought K-pop was trash and wanted me to like classical music as she did. But classical music made me sleepy.4Every day during middle school I went to a K-pop gossip and news site called allkpop.com. On this site I learned that I could audition(试音) to become a singer in a K-pop band. The shining clothes, thousands of screaming fans and hearing them chant my name seemed much more exciting than being a middle school student. Becoming a K-pop star was all I wanted.I started watching the audition videos of current stars and reading blog posts from people who had auditioned. They explained much about the audition. This made me want to audition even more. After watching those videos, I saw that most of the current stars weren’t that amazing in their auditions and that each singer had improved so much through training. I had never had vocal lessons(声乐课) and didn’t think of myself as a good singer. ＂But if they could do it, I could do that too,＂ I thought.1.What caused the author to fall in love with K-pop?A. Her Korean origin. B.A new style of dance.C. Her friends’ influence. D. The popularity of Gee.2.The underlined word ＂ditch＂ in Paragraph 1 probably means ＂________＂.A. forget B. attend C. ignore D. hate3.What do we know about the author’s mother?A. She has no interest in music.B. She has a low opinion of K-pop.C. She doesn’t care about her daughter.D. She prefers K-pop to classical music.4.After visiting allkpop.com, the author ________.A. dreamed of becoming a pop singerB. called the manager of the news siteC. contacted people who had auditionedD. knew she would never become a singer5【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。大多数人都认为肿瘤科护士这一职业是让人感到很压抑的，然而我却挚爱着这个职业。有时会有病人痊愈的奇迹发生，而我就是这奇迹创造过程中的一分子。1.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知,当奇迹发生时,我就是这个奇迹创造过程中的一分子。因此 D 项正确。2.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段可知,在我当护士的 16 年中,总是有人在问同样的问题:当肿瘤科的护士不令人感到沮丧吗?这说明大多数人不喜欢这个职业。因此 A 项正确。4.A 【解析】标题归纳题。全文主要谈论的是我选择护士职业的理由，因此 A 项正确。而 B项作为文章标题过大；C 项以偏概全，不能作为文章的标题；D 项显然是对医院的阐述，不符合语篇主旨。BHe had more than 160 reports as a reporter on the Metro desk and more than 170 in 19 months as a national journalist based in Kansas City，Mo.But perhaps the most important piece of writing that A．G.Sulzberger did for The New York Times before Wednesday—when he was named deputy publisher—was not an article and was not published in The Times, but was all about The Times.That work came to be known as the “innovation(创新) report” ，which zeroed in on the importance of a digital future for the newspaper his family has owned since 1896 and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes.In a conversation in his office on Wednesday, Mr. Sulzberger said he saw the innovation report and the thinking that led to his conclusions as “a wake­up call to the newsroom that we were at risk of missing the moment”．“It was always easy to see how changes will endanger the traditions of the place， ” he said， “but what became really clear to me was not changing was the 6more dangerous course if we cared about the traditions of the place.”Unlike some of the former deputy publishers in his role, Mr.Sulzberger has been more experienced in the newsroom than in advertising or consumer marketing.Still，his colleagues described him as a quick study whose modesty masked deep inner confidence.Besides，in the newsroom or out on an assignment，Mr.Sulzberger did not show off his connection to The Times’ owners.“I recognized the name， ”said Vincent Bova，a video editor who figured in a feature article that Mr. Sulzberger wrote in 2010.“I mean, I knew I was dealing with royalty.There was no reason for me to bring that up with him, and he didn’t.”So Mr.Sulzberger，in some way，has qualified himself for the position since long time ago.【解题导语】 本篇文章属于人物介绍类，介绍了著名出版人 A.G.Sulzberger 对《纽约时报》的重要贡献，还介绍了他提出的“创新报道”理论以及他人对他的评价。1．A.G.Sulzberger wrote the “innovation report” mainly to ．A．urge revolutions in The TimesB．gain the position of deputy publisherC．promote changes in New York City D．show directions to his family future A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段可知， “创新报道”关注报纸数字化未来的重要性，《纽约时报》如果不改革，则将面临危机。据此可以判断，A.G.Sulzberger 提及“创新报道”的目的是敦促《纽约时报》进行变革，故 A 项正确。2．What is the biggest threat to traditional media according to Mr.Sulzberger?A．Scientific developments.B．Rapid social changes.C．Their own stubbornness.D．Decreasing readers.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“and said The Times risked losing its leading place if it did not make sweeping changes”和文章中提到的“innovation(创新) report”可知，A.G.Sulzberger 认为《纽约时报》如果不做出变革，7则将面临危机；据此可以判断，A.G.Sulzberger 认为传统媒体面临的最大的问题是它们固执己见，不思变革，故 C 项正确。3．How does the author show us what Mr.Sulzberger is like in the last paragraph?A．By comparing him with others.B．By interviewing him in person.C．By giving examples of his routines.D．By quoting comments from others.D 解析：写作方法题。通读最后一段可知，该段第二句介绍了同事对A.G.Sulzberger 的评价，第四句和第五句介绍了视频编辑 Vincent Bova 对他的评价；据此可以判断，最后一段是通过别人的评价来描述 A.G.Sulzberger 的，故 D 项正确。4．What does the author think of Mr.Sulzberger according to the passage?A．Casual. B．Objective.C．Admirable. D．Critical.C 解析：观点态度题。通读全文可知，A.G.Sulzberger 提出“创新报道”理论并前瞻性地认识到数字化时代对传统媒体的影响，意识到传统媒体变革的重要意义；据此可以判断，作者对 A.G.Sulzberger 的态度是钦佩的，故 C 项正确。三、七选五As warming continues，scientists warn the oxygen content of oceans across the planet could be more and more reduced，with serious consequences for the future of fish and other sea life.1 One is the simple fact that as water gets warmer，it can hold less dissolved(溶解的)oxygen.The other reason is less obvious.The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surface—either from the atmosphere，or from photosynthesizing algae floating at the top of the sea. 2 Global warming is expected to reduce the mixing of the ocean by making surface seawater lighter.That's because in a warmer world we can expect more rainfall and more melting(融化)of glaciers，icebergs，and ice sheets. 3 The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will also make surface water expand and thus make it lighter still. 4 Instead，more of the oxygen will remain near the surface，where it will be used up by oxygen­breathing organisms.8A low­oxygen ocean may become an inescapable feature of our planet.A team of Danish researchers wondered how long oxygen levels would drop if we could somehow reduce our carbon dioxide emissions to zero by 2100.They determined that over the next few thousand years oxygen levels would continue to fall，until they declined by 30 percent.The oxygen would slowly return to the oceans，but even 100，000 years from now they will not have fully recovered. 5 A．It's not known why the oxygen level of oceans has reduced.B．Scientists point to two reasons to expect a drop in ocean oxygen.C．Fresh water's inpouring will make the water at the ocean's surface lighter.D．The oxygen then spreads to the deep ocean as the surface water slowly sinks.E．Global warming has caused the reduction of the oxygen content of oceans worldwide.F．The light surface water will be less likely to sink so the deep ocean will get less oxygen.G．If they are right，we have every reason to worry about the major effect it has on sea life.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章简要介绍了海水中氧气含量主要原因及其可能对海洋生物带来的长期的影响。1．B [从文章篇章结构分析，本空为段落主旨句。本段介绍了全球变暖使海洋含氧量降低的原因，并且“One” “The other reason”与 B 项中的 “two reasons”相呼应，故选 B。]2．D [根据段落主旨和空前的“The entire ocean gets its oxygen from the surface.at the top of the sea.”可知，此处是通过说明海洋中氧气的来源与循环来解释海洋含氧量下降的原因的，故 D 项“然后，随着表层海水的慢慢下沉，氧气扩散至海洋深处”符合语境。]3．C [根据空前的内容和常识可知，雨水和冰川、冰山及冰原融水都属于淡水，海洋中的水是咸水，而淡水的密度比咸水的小，因此淡水的注入会使海洋表面的水变得更轻。故 C项符合语境。C 项中的“make the water.lighter” 与下文中的“make it lighter”的对应关系亦是提示。]4．F [根据空前的“The extra heat from the warming atmosphere will .”和空后的“Instead，more of the oxygen will remain.” 可知，F 项与空前的句子的句式相9同，且与空后的句子的内容存在语意上的转折关系，故 F 项符合语境。]5．G [G 项中的“they”与上文中的“A team of Danish researchers”相呼应，且上文讲到即使我们把二氧化碳的排放降低到零，海洋含氧量也需要很长时间才能恢复，其对海洋生物造成的影响将是长期的，故 G 项“如果他们是对的，那么我们完全有理由对它对海洋生物的重大影响感到担忧”符合语境。 ]1Unit 2李仕才词汇考查+词汇应用必修四 Unit 2一、词汇复习（一）单句语法填空1、I'm so ________(gratefully) to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily. 答案：grateful be grateful to.意为“对……感激/感谢” 。2．(2015·安徽，31 改编)They gave money to the old people's home either ________(person) or through their companies. 答案：personally personally“私人地，个人地” 。句意：他们以个人的名义或通过他们的公司给养老院捐钱。3．(2015·浙江，13 改编)Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was ________(former) alive. 答案：formerly formerly“先前地，以前地” 。句意：如果我们了解甚至一点点有关食物是从哪儿来的，那么大多数人都懂得每一口放进我们嘴里的食物之前都是活着的。4．(2015·湖北，27 改编)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be________(punctuality). 答案：punctual punctual“准时的” 。句意：尽管会议大厅就在他的公寓附近，但如果他想要准时到达，他必须得快点。5．(2015·湖北，28 改编)I don't think what he said is ________(relevantly) to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point. 答案：relevant relevant“相关的，切题的” 。句意：我认为他所说的话与我们正在讨论的问题不相关。他没有抓住要点。（二）英汉互译60.statistic n. （常用 pl statisitcs）__________61.sunburnt adj. __________62.struggle vt. & vi. __________63.decade n. __________64.super adj. __________65.△hybrid adj. n. __________66.output n. __________267.△strain n. __________68.crop n. __________69.hunger n. vt. & vi. __________ 70.disturbing adj. __________71.expand vt. & vi. __________72.circulate vt. & vi. __________73.Vietnam n. __________74.thanks to __________75.battle n. vt. & vi. __________76.rid vt. __________77.rid… of __________78.be satisfied with __________79.freedom n. __________80.would rather__________81.therefore adj. __________82.equip vt. & vi. __________83.△sorghum n. __________84.grain n. __________85.△peanut n. __________86.export vt. & vi. __________87nationality n. __________88.occupation n. __________89.△personality n. __________90.confuse vt. __________91.regret vt. n. __________92.chemical adj. __________93.△organic adj. __________94.△fertile adj. __________95.△fertilizer n. __________96.production n. __________97.bacteria n. （bacterium 的复数形式）__________98.pest n. __________99.build up__________100.lead to__________3101.nutrition n. __________102.mineral n. __________103.discovery n. __________104.focus n. vt. __________105.focus on __________106.soil n. __________107.reduce vt. __________108.keep … free from/of__________109.△soybean n. (=soyabean) __________110.root n. __________111.skim vt. __________112.underline vt. __________113.summary n. __________114.comment n. vi. & vt. __________ 115.△producer n. __________116.△industrial adj. __________二、完形填空I was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May.I smiled as I watched the golden sunshine __1__ off the leaves.It was such a __2__ and heavenly time.My calm was broken，__3__，as I rounded a curve(拐弯处)．A huge U­Haul truck was coming my way several feet over the center line.I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to __4__ it.It was followed by not one but two other U­Haul trucks just as __5__.I wondered if all the stuff inside of them __6__ the same person.I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to __7__.It was then that I __8__ a self­storage business along the side of the highway，building new units for all the people who couldn't fit their __9__ into their houses.I saw a(n)__10__ couple carrying boxes into one of the units.It seemed __11__ that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff.I lost my own __12__ for owning stuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned.The only thing I had left was the underwear I was wearing.Yet，our whole family had awakened __13__ to escape.In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to 4get us back on our feet，but none of it seemed as __14__ any more.What was important was seeing Mom's smile，giving Nana a hug and a kiss，and watching Dad snooze(打盹) in his chair __15__ a hard day's work.What was important was the stuff of __16__，not the stuff of this world.Since then I have tried to limit the things I would __17__.I didn't want too much stuff to __18__ my life.I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning，growing，and __19__ my family and others.I assumed that only by doing so could I make my __20__.1．A.appreciating B．reflectingC．admiring D．releasing2．A.refreshing B．delightfulC．peaceful D．dynamic3．A.though B．tooC．anyway D．instead4．A.miss B．rejectC．ignore D．desert5．A.useful B．largeC．new D．good6．A.turned to B．referred toC．reacted to D．belonged to7．A.beat B．pulseC．accelerate D．follow8．A.noticed B．thoughtC．did D．established9．A.furniture B．boxesC．possessions D．materials10．A.old B．youngC．middle­aged D．small11．A.curious B．apparentC．certain D．obvious12．A.hope B．talentC．faith D．taste13．A.in return B．in turnC．in time D．in vain514．A.affordable B．significantC．beneficial D．practical15．A.before B．inC．after D．during16．A.mind B．handC．head D．soul17．A.purchase B．donateC．waste D．need18．A.put up B．crowd upC．bring up D．set up19．A.helping B．abusingC．loving D．affecting20．A.name B．dayC．world D．way【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述驾车途中的所见所感，并联想到自己家中曾经的火灾事件对他自身观念的影响，由此阐述了自己的感受：世上最重要的东西不是物质占有量，而在于精神世界的丰富，只有这样人才能感到快乐。1．B 根据“the golden sunshine __1__ off the leaves”可知，此处意为“树叶反射出金色的阳光” 。reflect“反射”符合语境。appreciate“感激，欣赏” ；admire“钦佩，赞赏” ；release“释放，发行” 。2．C 根据空前一句中的“smiled”和空后的“heavenly”及下文中的“calm”可知，作者当时的心情是平静愉快的，故 peaceful 符合语境。refreshing“使人精力充沛的” ；delightful“讨人喜欢的，令人愉快的” ；peaceful“平静的，宁静的” ；dynamic“动力的，有活力的” 。3．A 根据空前的“My calm was broken”可知，空处所在句与上文构成转折关系，故 though“可是，不过”符合语境。too“太，也” ；anyway“不管怎样，无论如何” ；instead“相反” 。4．A 根据空前一句中的“truck was coming my way several feet over the center line”可知，作者尽量把车子往路边开来躲开卡车。miss“避开，躲开(不好或讨厌的事)” ；reject“排斥，丢掉” ；ignore“忽视，不理睬” ；desert“遗弃，丢弃” 。5．B 根据上文可知，一辆卡车越过了中心线几英尺向作者的方向驶来，结合语境可知，这辆大卡车后还跟着另外两辆同样大的(large)卡车，故选 B。6．D 根据语境可知，作者不知道三辆卡车上的东西是否属于(belonged to)同一个人。belong to“属于” ；turn to“转向，求助于” ；refer to“参考，提到” ；react 6to“对……作出反应” 。7．D 根据语境可知，作者放慢车速来平静心情调整心率。故 follow“跟随，追赶”符合语境。beat“打败，拍打” ；pulse“跳动，搏动” ；accelerate“加速，增加” 。8．A 该句中的 It was then that 是强调句型，意思是“就在那时” 。作者在平静心情时注意到路旁的一个自助存储公司。notice“注意到” ；establish“建立，创办” 。9．C 根据语境可知，这些设备是为那些无法把所有物(possessions)存储到自己的房子里的人而建的。possession“所有物，财产”符合语境。furniture“家具，设备” ；material“材料” 。10．B 根据空后一句中的“a couple just out of their teens”可知，此处young“年轻的”符合语境。middle­aged“中年的” 。11．A 根据该句中的“could already have too much stuff(可能已经拥有太多的东西)”可知，作者对此感到奇怪，故 curious“稀奇古怪的”符合语境。apparent“显然的，表面上的” ；certain“必然的，有把握的” ；obvious“明显的，显然的” 。12．D 根据语境可知，夜半时分一场大火烧毁了作者家中的一切，因此作者不再有拥有(很多)东西的兴趣(taste)。taste“爱好，兴趣”符合语境。hope“希望” ； talent“才能，天资” ；faith“信仰，信念” 。13．C 根据空前的“had awakened”和空后的“escape”可知，作者全家及时(in time)醒来逃了出去。in return“作为回报” ；in turn“反过来，轮流” ；in vain“徒劳” 。14．B 根据空后的“What was important was”和空前的“none of it”可知，空处所填词与 important 意思相同，故 significant“重要的，有意义的”符合语境。affordable“买得起的” ；beneficial“有益的” ；practical“实用的” 。15．C 根据生活常识可知，父亲打盹应该是在一天的艰辛工作之后(after)。16．D 根据空前的“What was important was the stuff of”及空后的“not the stuff of this world”可知，空处所填词与“this world”形成对比，再结合上文内容可知，作者认为精神世界的丰富更为重要。soul“(人类整体的)精神状况”符合语境。mind“头脑，智力” 。17．A 根据上文中的“not the stuff of this world”可知，作者从此努力限制自己购买(purchase)东西的数量。下文中的“buy”亦是提示，故选 A。donate“捐赠” ；waste“浪费” ；need“需要” 。18．B 根据语境可知，此处表示作者不想让太多的物品充斥自己的生活。故 crowd up 符合语境。put up“张贴，搭建” ；bring up“抚养，养育，提出” ；set up“建立” 。19．C 根据空后的“my family and others”可以推断此处意为“爱我的家人和他人”，故选 C。abuse“滥用” ；affect“影响” 。720．B 根据语境可知，此处表示只有这样做作者才能开心。make sb.'s day 为固定用法，意为“使某人非常高兴” 。三、短文改错。It is clear shown that many middle school students have physical and mental problems.68% of the students surveying have studying anxiety as well as poor eyesight too.And a larger percentage lacks sleep. 52% are short of physical exercise.42% of the students won't obey our parents or teachers.Personally，I think we student should balance our physical exercise and studies.Without sound body，one can't achieve anything.However，too much attention has been paid only on studies.As a result，I suggest we are given less homework or more time for out­of­classroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.【答案】 It is shown that many middle school students have physical and mental clearclearlyproblems.68% of the students have studying anxiety as well as poor surveyingsurveyedeyesight .And a larger percentage sleep. 52% are short of physical ﹨toolackslackexercise.42% of the students won't obey parents or teachers.Personally，I ourtheirthink we should balance our physical exercise and studies.Without studentstudents ∧ asound body，one can't achieve anything.However，too much attention has been paid only studies.As a result，I suggest we given less homework more time onto arebe orandfor out­of­classroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.第一处：clear→clearly。考查副词。此处修饰过去分词 shown，要用副词 clearly“清晰地” 。第二处：surveying→surveyed。考查非谓语动词。本句中的谓语动词是 have，故 students后应是分词作后置定语，survey 与所修饰的 students 构成被动关系，所以用过去分词。第三处：去掉 too。考查行文逻辑。句中已经有 as well as 表示“也”了，故句尾的 too 是多余的。第四处：lacks→lack。考查主谓一致。percentage 作主语时，谓语与它所修饰的名词或指代的名词一致。此处指学生，所以谓语动词用复数。8第五处：our→their。考查代词。42%的学生不听他们父母和老师的话。主语是 42%of the students，是第三人称，故此处形容词性物主代词用 their。第六处：student→students。考查名词单复数。we 后面的名词是其同位语，所以用student 的复数形式与 we 一致。第七处：Without 后加 a。考查冠词。body 是可数名词，且此处泛指一个好的身体，故加冠词 a。第八处：on→to。考查介词。pay attention to“注意……”是固定搭配，此处用的是该短语的被动形式。第九处：are→be。虚拟语气。suggest 在此处表示“建议” ，因此后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋do”形式，且 should 可以省略。故此处应把 are 改为 be。第十处：or→and。考查连词。我建议我们应该少布置点作业，多些时间进行课外活动。本句是肯定句，此处不表示选择意义，而指的是并列的两个名词，表示“及” ，应用 and。