1、,Read and Explore,Unit 3 Friendship,Get Started,Listen and Respond,Optional Classroom Activities,Enhance YourLanguageAwareness,Do you have any good friends? What do you usually do with your friends when you are together? What kind of people do you like to make friends with? Do you think friendship i
2、s a necessity in life? Why or why not?,Sit in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions.,Get started- discussion,Get Started-Quotes,Study the following quotes about friendship. Which quote(s) do you like best? Why?,Quote 1,True friendship is a plant of slow growth. George Washing
3、ton,Interpretation: Just like plants, friendship needs nurturing. Plants follow the life cycle of seeds, shoots and flowers before they bear fruits. True friendship grows in more or less the same way. It takes time to mature.,Click Picture,Quote 2,Be slow in choosing a friend; slower in changing. Be
4、njamin Franklin,Interpretation: Friends and friendships may have great influence on our lives and may last as long as we live. So we should be careful when choosing a friend and should be even more careful when we decide to end the friendship.,Click Picture,Quote 3,A man should keep his friendships
5、in constant repair. Samuel Johnson,Interpretation: It is important to maintain friendships. Long-standing friendships should be constantly strengthened and developed; otherwise they may fade or even be lost forever.,Click Picture,Quote 4,True friendship is like sound health; the value of it is seldo
6、m known until it is lost. Charles Caleb Colton,Interpretation: Friendship is compared to health. One often fails to see the value of health until it is lost. The same is true of friendships.,Click Picture,Get started- watching and discussion,Forrest Gump is a 1994 American film. The story depicts th
7、e life of Forrest Gump, a slow-witted yet athletically talented man who witnesses, and even influences, some defining events in the United States between 1944 and 1982. Watch the following video clip about young Forrest and Jenny and complete the tasks that follow.,click here,video,Answer the follow
8、ing questions.,video,click here,Jennys voice. Jenny was friendly to Forrest.,2) What did they usually do together as friends?,They were always together, learning from each other and being happy.,1) What is “the sweetest voice” Forrest Gump heard? Why was it the sweetest voice?,2. The film Forrest Gu
9、mp has become a classic. How will you describe the friendship between Forrest, a dumb boy, and Jenny, a beautiful girl?,video,Jenny is friendly and Forrest honest and sincere, both eager for loving friends, and both eager to please the other.,inwardly ad. in ones mind; secretly 在内心；暗自地outwardly ad.
10、on the surface; in appearance 外表上，表面上wrongdoing n. bad, evil, or illegal behaviour 坏事；不道德或不法的行为,Listen and Respond Word Bank,bringto an end cause sth. to finish, usu. after lasting some time 使某物结束，终止unbelievable a. very surprising 非常惊人的,Listen and Respond Word Bank,Choose the best answer to each of
11、the following questions according to the information contained in the listening passage.,L&R 2,L&R 2,When do people come into your life “for a reason”?,A) When they know you well. B) When you need them in life. C) When you can support their career. D) When they are willing to listen to your troubles
12、.,L&R 2,2. Who will end the friendship with the person that is in your life for a reason?,A) The person himself. B) You. C) Neither you nor the person. D) Both you and the person.,L&R 2,3. What does a “friend for a season” mean?,A) Someone who is good at making you laugh. B) Someone who teaches you
13、how to have fun. C) Someone who will stay in your life for a short time. D) Someone who comes into your life only for fun.,L&R 2,4. What is a lifetime friend?,A) Someone who always helps you out of difficulties. B) Someone who understands you better than anyone else. C) Someone who has experienced h
14、ardships with you. D) Someone who together with you makes up a single soul in two bodies.,L&R 2,5. What is the passage mainly about?,A) Three different stages of friendship. B) Three different types of friendship in our life. C) Three different ways of getting along with people. D) Three different l
15、essons on how to be good to your friends.,L&R 3,Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.,People come into our life for a , for a or for a . When you why people come into your life, you will know exactly what to do. When someone is in your life fo
16、r a reason, it is usually to you have expressed outwardly or. They have come to help you out of a difficulty, or to provide you with and .,L&R 3,reason,_,season,_,lifetime,_,figure out,_,meet a need,_,inwardly,_,guidance,_,support,_,L&R 3,When people come into your life for a season, they may bring
17、you or make you. Lifetime friendships are based on andbetween you and your friend. Lifetime friendships teach you lifetime and you should learn to them.,an experience of peace,_,laugh,_,trust,_,understanding,_,lessons,_,accept,_,Why do people tend to have a thin understanding of friendship? What are
18、 the three kinds of friendship according to Aristotle? What does Cicero emphasize in his definition of friendship? What is meant by “virtuous friends” according to the classical view?,Main Idea,Exercise 1: Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.,Main Idea,Exercise 2:
19、 Text A can be divided into four Parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.,Main Idea,She was angry, yet the boys father encouraged him to throw sand.,Its necessary to review some classical views of friendship in order to acquire a bet
20、ter understanding of it.,According to Aristotle, there are three kinds of friendship, which are respectively based on utility, pleasure and goodness. Friendship based on goodness is perfect and totally different from friendship based on utility or pleasure.,According to Cicero, true friendship is on
21、ly possible between good men. In such friendships and relationships, those who possess any superiority must regard themselves as equals of those who are less fortunate.,Virtuous friends are bound by moral excellence, which involves a high level of development and expression of the altruistic emotion
22、s of sympathy, concern and care.,Friendship is an eternal theme in human history. A life without friendship is hard to imagine. But what is friendship? Read the following text and see if you can gain some new insights into the true meaning of friendship.,In-Depth,1 When we approach the notion of fri
23、endship, our first problem is that there is a lack of firmly agreed and socially acknowledged criteria for what makes a person a friend. In one setting, we may describe someone as a friend; in another, the label may seem less appropriate. Therefore, people tend to have a very thin understanding of w
24、hat friendship really means. To help us understand what friendship really means, we need to review some classical views of friendship.,In-Depth,What is Friendship?Michele E. Doyle & Mark K. Smith,In-Depth,2 One classical view of friendship is provided by Aristotle, the famous ancient Greek philosoph
25、er. Aristotle distinguishes between what he believes to be genuine friendships and two other forms: one based on mutual usefulness, the other on pleasure. So, according to Aristotle, we may find three kinds of friendship:,3 Friendship based on utility. Utility is an impermanent thing: it changes acc
26、ording to circumstances. When the ground for friendship disappears, the friendship also breaks up because that is what keeps it alive. Friendships of this kind seem to occur most frequently between the elderly, because at their age what they want is not pleasure but utility. Friendships based on uti
27、lity are also frequently found among those in middle or early life who are pursuing their own advantage. Such persons do not spend much time together, because sometimes they do not even like one another, and therefore feel no need of such an association unless they are mutually useful. They each oth
28、ers company only they have hopes of advantage from it.,In-Depth,take pleasure in,in so far as,In-Depth,4 Friendship based on pleasure. Friendship between the young is thought to be grounded on pleasure, because the lives of the young are regulated by their feelings, and their chief interests are in
29、their own pleasure and the opportunity of the moment. As they grow up, however, their tastes change too, so that they are quick to make and to break friendships. That is why they fall in and out of friendship quickly, changing their attitude often, even within the same day. But the young do like to
30、spend the day and live together, because that is how they realize the object of their friendship.,5 Friendship based on goodness. Perfect friendship is based on goodness. Only the friendship of those who are good, and similar in their goodness, is perfect. And it is those who desire the good of thei
31、r friends for the friends sake that are the truest friends, because each loves the other for what he is, and not for any incidental quality. The conduct of good men is the same or similar. It is between good men that both love and friendship are chiefly found and in the highest form. Such friendship
32、s are rare because men of this kind are few and they need time and intimacy; for as the saying goes, true friends must go through trials and tribulations together. And no two persons can accept each other and become friends until each has proved to the other that he is worthy of love, and so won his
33、 trust. The wish for friendship may develop rapidly, but true friendship does not.,In-Depth,6 Another classical view of friendship can be found in the writings of Cicero, an ancient Roman statesman and orator. His writings on ethics, the philosophy of religion and natural law have been influential.
34、According to Cicero, true friendship is only possible between good men. He further defines “the good” as “those whose actions and lives leave no question as to their honor, purity, equity, and liberality; who are free from greed, lust, and violence; and who have the courage of their convictions.” Th
35、e friendship between good men, based on virtue, does offer material benefits, but it does not seek them. Moreover, just as in friendships and relationships, those who possess any superiority must regard themselves as equals of those who are less fortunate, so these latter must not be annoyed at bein
36、g surpassed in genius, fortune, or rank.,In-Depth,7 Thus, we may see that the traditional idea of friendship is made up of three components: Friends must enjoy each others company; they must be useful to one another; and they must share a commitment to the good. According to the classical views, vir
37、tuous friends are bound together, as they recognize each others moral excellence. To perceive a friend, therefore, is in a manner to perceive oneself; and to know a friend is in a manner to know oneself. Each can be said to provide a mirror in which the other may see himself. The moral excellence of
38、 friendship, thus, involves a high level of development and expression of the altruistic emotions of sympathy, concern and care. Friendship of this kind necessarily involves conversations about well-being and of what might be involved in living the good life.,In-Depth,voicing,Work in groups of three
39、s or fours and discuss the following statements about friendship. Then share your ideas with the whole class.,Friends must be useful to each other. Friendship between the young is grounded on pleasure. Permanent friendship exists only between good men.,Key words (B),Expressions (B),1. In the doorway
40、 of a darkened hardware store stood a man, with an unlighted cigar in his mouth. (Para. 2),2) Study use of full inversion in this sentence. Then, make two sentences with full inversion.,At the bottom of the steps sat the young couple.Down fell a great pile of plates and dishes with a loud crash.,1)
41、Translate this sentence into Chinese.,只见一个光线黯淡的五金店门口，站着一个人，嘴里叼着没有点燃的雪茄。,Sentences,2) Study the italicized part and then translate the following sentence into English, imitating the use of ed in this sentence.我们冲进了房子。房门因常年失修已经倒塌了。,2. The waiting man pulled out a handsome watch, the lids of it set wit
42、h small diamonds. (Para. 9),We rushed into the house, the door of it collapsed from long years of neglect.,1) Translate this sentence into Chinese.,那守候的人掏出一只精致的怀表，表盖上缀满了小粒钻石。,Sentences,这里不能改成定语从句which，是模仿课文句子的过去分词短语带主语结构,一张苍白的脸，方下巴，目光敏锐，右边眉毛附近有一道白色的细小伤疤。,3. Then a tall man in a long overcoat, with t
43、he collar turned up to his ears, hurried across from the opposite side of the street. (Para. 18),1) Translate this sentence into Chinese.,一个身着大衣、衣领立起的高个子男人从街对面匆匆走了过来。,Sentences,2)Translate the following descriptions of ones appearance from this text into Chinese.,He was of a powerful build (Para. 1)
44、,a pale, square-jawed face with keen eyes, and a little white scar near his right eyebrow. (Para. 5),他身材魁梧,Para.1,Comprehension,What was the policeman doing that night?,Did he look like a qualified policeman?,What does “a guardian of the peace” refer to?,Paras.2-5,Why did the policeman suddenly slow
45、 his walk?,Why did the man speak up to the policeman quickly?,Why was the man there late that night?,Did the policeman finally see the face of the man standing in the darkness? How?,comprehension,Para.6,Comprehension,What is this paragraph about?,Why did the two friends part that night?,What did the
46、 man mean by saying “You couldnt have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth”?,Why did they plan to meet again exactly twenty years from that date and time?,Paras.7-9,Comprehension,Did the man have any idea what Jimmy was doing in New York?,What do you think of the
47、man as a friend?,What did the man think of the West?,What can you infer from Para. 9?,Did the man feel certain that his friend Jimmy would turn up and meet him there?,Paras.10-16,Comprehension,What did the policeman do after saying goodbye to the man?,Para.17,Comprehension,What does this paragraph t
48、ell us?,Why does the author describe the weather?,Paras.18-25,Comprehension,What does the word “cried” imply in Para. 20?,In Bobs eyes, what had been the greatest change in Jimmy Wells?,What happened 20 minutes later?,Why did the new arrival ask the question “doubtfully” (Para. 19)?,Paras.26-29,Comp
49、rehension,How did Bob realize that the man was not Jimmy Wells?,In Bobs eyes, what had been the greatest change in Jimmy Wells?,Why did they simultaneously turn to gaze upon the others face at the corner?,Why did Bob stop suddenly and release his arm?,Para.30,Comprehension,Before going to the police station, what did the tall man ask Bob to do?,
