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CCMI认证-培训教程-中文版-英文版本-对照-(CMMI-for-Development-Version-1.3).pptx

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1、Introduction to CMMIfor DevelopmentVersion 1.3目录 第 1节 介绍 第 2节 过程改进概念与 CMMI 第 3节 CMMI模型组件概述 第 4节 模型表现形式通用目标和实践 第 5节 产品开发( 1) 第 6节 项目管理 第 7节 项目和组织支持 第 8节 产品开发( 2) 第 9节 改进基础 第 10节 高成熟度等级 第 11节 总体回顾 第 12节 总结Module 1 第一节Introduction to CMMIfor DevelopmentVersion 1.3 Software Engineering InstituteCarnegie

2、 Mellon UniversityPittsburgh, PA 15213Establishing the Foundation建立基础This course此课程illustrates benefits of process improvement展示过程改进将带来的利益introduces CMMI model content (the major focus of this course)介绍 CMMI模型内容(本课程的重点)Course Objectives课程目标 By the end of this course, you will be able to 在课程结束,你将可以de

3、scribe the components of CMMI models and their relationships描述 CMMI模型的组件及它们的关系discuss the process areas讨论过程域locate relevant information in the model在模型中找出相关信息The Audience for this Course此课程的学员Broad audience学员无限制product developers, process implementers, and managers产品开发人员、过程实施人员、管理人员anyone interested

4、 in learning about CMMI所有想学习 CMMI的人No process improvement experience or knowledge of process improvement models is assumed.有无过程改进经验或过程改进模型只是均可Introductions and Expectations介绍与期望Participant introductions学员自我介绍Name 姓名position and background 职位和工作背景experience with process improvement 过程改进经验- how long?

5、多长时间- experience with other models or standards- 其他模型或标准的经验expectations 期望- What do you want to get out of this course?- 你想从本课程中得到什么Course Materials课程教材Participant notebook 学员 笔记本 copies of slides 幻灯片文件 exercises 联系 handouts 其他印刷材料Schedule 课程表DAY 1 第一天 Module 1 第一节 Introduction 介绍Module 2 第二节Process

6、 ImprovementConcepts and CMMI过程改进概念与 CMMIModule 3 第三节Overview of CMMIModel ComponentsCMMI模型组建概述Module 4 第四节Model Representationsand Generic Goals andPractices模型表现形式 通用目标和实践Module 5 第五节Product Development 1产品开发 1DAY 2 第二天Module 6 第六节Managing the Project项目管理Module 7 第七节Project andOrganizational Suppor

7、t项目和组织支持Module 8 第八节Product Development 2产品开发 2Module 9 第九节ImprovementInfrastructure改进基础DAY 3 第三天Module 10 第十节High Maturity高成熟度等级Module 11 第十一节Tying It All Together总体回顾Module 12 第十二节Summary总结Course Approach 课程方法Lecture 讲授Exercises 联系Questions and answers 问答Discussions 讨论Participation by all is a key

8、 element of the course人人产于课程活动是本课程的关键因素之一Rules of Engagement 课堂规则Participate. 参与课堂活动One person speaks at any given time. 任何时候只有一个人在发言Keep discussions and questions to the point. 讨论和问题要切中要点Turn off your cell phones and othercommunication devices.关闭手机和其他通讯工具Be prompt returning from breaks.休息时间结束准时回来Co

9、mpletion Criteria 结业标准Successful completion of this course requires that participants成功完成本课程需要学员做到 actively participate in classroom discussions and exercises allthree days积极参与三天课程的课堂讨论与联系 do not miss any classroom time不能缺勤Module 2 第二节Process ImprovementConcepts and CMMISoftware Engineering Institut

10、eCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburgh, PA 15213TopicsProcess Improvement Concepts过程改进概念What is Process? 什么是过程?How do you define process?你怎样定义过程?General Definitions of Process过程的一般定义IEEESequence of stepsperformed for agiven purpose.未达到某一特定目的而开展的一系列步骤活动PALLLogical organizationof people, materials,ener

11、gy, equipment,and procedures intowork activitiesdesigned to producea specified endresult.系统的组织人力、材料、经理、设备和程序来计划生产活动,最后产出特定的结果CMMI GLOSSARYA set of interrelatedactivities, whichtransform inputsinto outputs, toachieve a givenpurpose.通过讲述如转变为输出,为实现特定目的一系列相互联系的活动The Process Management Premise过程管理理念The q

12、uality of a system is highly influenced by the quality of the processused to acquire, develop, and maintain it.获得、开发和维护系统的过程质量极大的与你共享着系统质量This premise implies a focus on processes as well as on products:此理念意味着关注产品的同时应该关注过程This is a long-established premise in manufacturing.这是在制造业确立已久的理念Belief in thi

13、s premise is visible worldwide in quality movements inmanufacturing and service industries (e.g., ISO standards).全球制造业和服务业的质量运作都重视此理念This premise is also applicable to development.此理念同样适用于开发Quality Leverage Points 质量杠杆点While process is often described as a node of the process-people-technology triad

14、, it can also be considered the “glue” that ties the triadtogether.人们通常认为过程只是过程 -人员 -技术三角环节中的一个点。Everyone realizes the importance of having a motivated, quality workforce but even our finest people cannot perform at their best when theprocess is not understood or operating at its best.每个人都知道一直主动性强而高

15、质量的团队的重要性,但是当过程没有被理解和执行时,最优秀的人也不能很好的完成事情Evolutionary Improvement Path 逐渐的改进路线Ad Hoc Processes 临时的过程Process descriptions are not rigorously followed or enforced.没有严格遵循过程描述执行Performance is highly dependent on current practitioners.效能极大的取决于现有的专业人员Understanding of the current status of a project is limi

16、ted.很难清楚现有项目的状态Immature processes result in fighting fires:不成熟的过程导致要灭火 There is no time to improveinstead, practitioners areconstantly reacting.没有时间改进 -相反,专业人员不断的地址改进 Firefighters get burned.烧伤救火队员 Embers might rekindle later.汇金还会重燃Improved Processes 改进的过程Process descriptions are consistent with the

17、 way work actually isdone.实际工作与过程描述相一致Processes are supported visibly by management and others.过程明显得到管理层和其他部门的支持They are well controlledprocess fidelity is evaluated andenforced.过程得到良好控制,过程的执行符合度得到评价和控制There is constructive use of product and process measurement.产品和过程度量得到建设性的使用Technology is introduc

18、ed in a disciplined manner.用规范的方式引进技术Institutionalized Processes 制度化过程The organization builds an infrastructure that contains effective,usable, and consistently applied processes.组织建立了一个基础环境,包括有效的、使用的和一贯使用的过程The organizational culture conveys the process.组织文化推行这些过程Management nurtures the culture.管理培

19、训组织文化Culture is conveyed through role models and recognition.文化同样榜样和认知传播Institutionalized processes endure after the peoplewho originally defined them have gone.即使当初定义这些过程的人员离开了,这些制度化的过程仍能持久执行Benefits of Improving Processes 过程改进的好处Processes enable you to understand what is going on.过程让你更清楚谅解进行中的状况By

20、 defining, measuring, and controlling the process,improvements are more successful and sustained.通过定义,度量和控制过程,改进会更加有效和持久The likelihood that appropriate technology, techniques, andtools are introduced successfully increases.成功增加了适当技术、技巧和工具的引进可能性People develop their potential more fully and are moreef

21、fective within the organization.员工潜能得到更全面有效的发展Benefits in Terms of Predictability预测的效益Focus is on continuous quantitative improvement焦点是持续的量化改进Process is measured and controlled过程得到控制和度量Process is characterized for the organization and is proactive依组织细分过程特征,主动性强Process is characterized for projects

22、and is often reactive依项目细分过程特征但常 受 抵制Process is unpredictable, poorly controlled, and reactive过程不可预测,控制不佳,受抵制Early Process Improvement 早期的过程改进The theories of process management are a synthesis of the conceptsof Deming, Crosby, Juran, and others.过程管理理论是德明、克罗斯比和 Juran等人的理论综合Over the past decades, thes

23、e theories have been used to address problems common to many organizations.在过去的几年间,这套理论已经被用来解决了企业共同面临的问题Solutions to some problems have been developed.开发了一套问题的解决方案Many of these solutions have been used to build processimprovement models.这些解决方案已被用来建立成过程改进模型What Is a Process Model? 什么是过程模型A process mo

24、del is a structured collection of practices that describes the characteristics of effective processes.一个过程模型是对事件的系统收集,这些事件描述有效过程的特点Practices included are those proven by experience to be effective.这些实践都是经过验证有效的How Is a Process Model Used? 过程模型如何使用?A process model is used:过程模型用来: to help set process

25、improvement objectives and priorities帮助建立过程改进目标和优先级 to help ensure stable, capable, and mature processes帮助确保稳定、实用、成熟的过程 as a guide for improving project and organizational processes指导项目和组织过程的改进 with an appraisal method to diagnose the state of an organizations current practices结合评估方法诊断组织目前实践的状态Why I

26、s a Process Model Important?过程模型为什么重要A process model provides过程模型提供: a place to start improving一个开始改进的环境 the benefit of a communitys prior experiences可受益的行业先行经验 a common language and a shared vision共同的语言表达和共享的愿景 a framework for prioritizing actions划分活动的优先级 a way to define what improvement means for

27、an organization一个方法来说明改进对一个组织的意义CMMI for Process Improvement CMMI过程改进Use CMMI in process improvement activities as a过程改进活动中使用 CMMI作为: collection of best practices最佳实践的集合 framework for organizing and prioritizing activities组织和划分活动优先级的框架 support for the coordination of multi-disciplined activities tha

28、t might berequired to successfully build a product支持协调多种技术领域的活动,以帮助成功建立产品 means to emphasize the alignment of the process improvementobjectives with organizational business objectives加强过程改进目标与组织商业目标一致化的方法CMMI incorporates lessons learned from use of the SW-CMM , EIA-731,and other standards and models.CMMI整合吸收了来自 SW-CMM , EIA-731和一些其他标准和模型的经验教训。Topics The CMMI Product Suite 产品套件

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