1、应用文书信类评分标准,书信的分类及复习侧重点,()订购信；求学信；商业书信：索赔信；招聘启事删，不看 ()感谢信；备忘录/报告；告示；便签边缘信 ()投诉信 看一下即可。 ()求职信；邀请信；十一、推荐信 比较重要，细看。,格式,发信人地址 Addressers address 日期Date18 August 2004 / August 18, 2004. 收信人地址Addressees address,称谓,“Dear (name)” if you know the persons name “Dear Sir or Madam” if you dont know the persons n
2、ame “Dear Sirs” if you are writing to an organization Professor （Prof.） Doctor （Dr.） General (Gen.),落款,Yours sincerely /Yours faithfully 署名Signature,样题分析,You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books. Write a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for: 1
3、) detailed information about the books you want, 2) methods of payment, 3) time and way of delivery. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming“ instead. You do not need to write the address.,首段表意图,（背景+我是谁）+我要干什么 I am writing
4、this letter for the perpose of doing / because / to inform you that And I would be grateful if you would take the following content into consideration / account.,末端客套,I would like to express my sincere gratitude for your attention to my letter.(感谢看信) In addition, let me apologize for any inconvenien
5、ces I may have caused.(诸多不便打扰了) I shall feel obliged by a reply at your earliest convenience.(请速回信) Your prompt and favorable reply would be highly appreciated.(请速回信),询问信 （inquiry）,1.寻求什么样的信息或帮助 2.提出所咨询的具体问题，强调这个信息对自己的重要性 3.表达获取信息的强烈愿望，并表示感谢,询问信 （inquiry）基本表达,Para 1: Identity + Intention I am _ and
6、want to seek information on _sth_. I would like to inquire about some information on-,询问信 （inquiry）基本表达,Para 2: Ask Questions I am wondering if you could supply information on _sth_. Besides, would you mind telling me _sth_?,询问信 （inquiry）基本表达,Para 3: Thanks【必备】 1) I would appreciate it very much if
7、you could have details concerning-available. 2) I am grateful for any possible information youll provide.,询问信 （inquiry）基本表达,Para 4: Request for Reply I am looking forward to a favorable/ satisfactory reply at your earliest convenience.,道歉信 （apology）,1.首先点名对因何事向收信人致歉 2.说明道歉的具体原因，表明自己对待该事的态度，及深刻的歉意。 3
8、.最后再次请求收信人的原谅。,道歉信 （apology）的基本表达,Para 1: Intention (Apology) I regret to _. I am awfully sorry for any possible inconvenience I may have caused. I must apologize to you for doing sth.,道歉信 （apology）的基本表达,Para 2: Explanation for Apology If you should find our activities bothersome, please dont hesita
9、te to let us know. It is due to my negligence, for which Im exceedingly sorry.,道歉信 （apology）的基本表达,Para 3: Remedy or Solution【补救措施/弥补办法】 Id like to make up for my carelessness. If you dont mind, I plan to _. (mail it to you / invite you over for a meal) please accept my sincere apology for-once more.
10、,样题分析,You have just come back from canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to 1)make an apology, and 2)sugget a solution You should write about 100 words on answer sheet2,推荐信（recommendation）,我很高兴推荐，并说明推荐人与被推荐人的关系 列举推荐原因，写出
11、被推荐人的专长和人格魅力。 表明推荐人的态度，并表示感谢和支持。,推荐信（recommendation）基本表达,Para 1: Intention （陈述意图） I will introduce-,a good friend of mine who-.it is my pleasure to recommend sb to you,推荐信（recommendation）基本表达,Para 2:做过哪些事情【跟我有关】,褒奖词,bright, clever, capable, gifted, talented, ingenious, outstanding, prominent, dilige
12、nt industrious, conscientious, hardworking, humorous, good-humored, cooperative, competent, innovative, ambitious, creative, original, imaginative, persistent, persevering, kind-hearted, generous, honest, helpful, cheerful, considerate, devoted, dedicated, committed, promising, far beyond the averag
13、e person,1）Scholastic aptitude学习方面的才能,A.Native intellectual ability（天赋） B.Capacity for analytical thinking（分析思考能力） C. Intellectual curiosity; spirit of inquiry（好奇心） D. Ability to work independently（独立学习工作的能力） E. Capability for abstract reasoning（抽象推理的能力） F.Ability to express his ideas orally and in
14、writing（口头或文字的表达能力） G.Potential as a researcher（研究的潜力） H. Capacity, desire and determination for good quality graduate work（获得学业成功的能力、愿望与决心）,2Academic performance学业上的表现,aBreadth of general knowledge（知识丰富） bKnowledge of literature in his field（本专业领域知识） c Grade or achievement（成绩或成就） d Industry, dilige
15、nce（勤勉） e Participation in discussion（讨论积极）,（3）Languages（语言能力）,a Ability to speak, understand, read and write the English language（听、说、读、写英文的能力） b Ability to read significant literature in other languages than English（英语以外的语言阅读能力）,His performance in the school years was outstanding.XX had been the m
16、ajor speaker for my class discussions and he showed great talents in solving real problems and organizing his thoughts. He was clearly born with a keen mind for the science of psychology and was always coming up with original ideas. He can also express himself effectively in both spoken and written
17、English. In addition, XX has a very pleasant personality. He has developed a strong sense of humor that attracts people around him, and working with him is always pretty much fun. but he is absolutely hard-working, often being the core of a group. besides, he has all the qualities of being a group l
18、eader.,Para 3:现在打算做哪些事情【跟你有关】 I have no doubt that XX will be an ideal candidate for _,推荐信（recommendation）基本表达,推荐信（recommendation）基本表达,Para 4: Thanks 【参考Inquiry】 I would greatly appreciate it if you would give _sb_ assistance and guidance.I hope that you can provide any possible help to him which I
19、will always be grateful for you.please do not hesitate to ask me if you need any further information about him.,试题分析,Directions: You are asked to write a recommendation of your student for a position of marketing clerk about 100 words please express your reason clearly.You do not need to write the a
20、ddress.,邀请信（invitation）,开头先表明要召开的会议，发出邀请 介绍会议日程安排，地点、日期、时间、会议主题、组织者等 表达应邀的愉快心情，并希望尽快得到回复。,邀请信（invitation）的基本表达,Para 1: Activity Information （时 间 状 语）, we are planning to _（在何时何地将要发生什么事情，举行什么活动，无固定句型） and want to invite you to be ( or as) the guest of honor on this occasion. Its my honor on behalf of
21、 the organizing committee to invite you as the guest of honor on this occasion. Its my great honor and pleasure to invite you to be the distinguished guest on this occasion.,Para 2: Reasons for Invitation (Praise and Assignment) You have distinguished yourself in the field of _. （例：management）Theref
22、ore, you are requested to （布置任务） .,Para 3: Request for Confirmation 【请求确认】 We shall all be delighted as well as honored if you can find time to spend on day with us. I will send further details as soon as I hear from you. I hope that you will accept this invitation. I eagerly hope you can come. I wo
23、uld appreciate a confirmation reply.,Dear sir， On behalf of the National Committee on US&China Relations, I am pleased to invite you to participate in our Citizen Involvement in Environmental Protection Delegation which will visit the United States from April 30 to May 15, 1997. The delegation will
24、focus on the major topic: the development and implementation of public education tools in the promotion of environmental protection among American citizens. Again, we are delighted to be able to invite you to join the delegation and hope that you will be able to participate. We ask you to complete t
25、he attached form and return it to us NO LATER THAN February 15, 1997 to confirm your participation. I look forward to meeting you in New York. Sincerely, David M. Lampton,试题分析,Directions: Write an invitation to Mr John Sze, inviting him to be the calligraphy competition judge. The number of the word
26、s is no less than 100 words and you dont need to write the address.,Dear Mr Sze, The 20th Taiwan Chinese Calligraphy Competition, organized by the Good Hope Association and Modern Trade Ltd., will accept entries from 3 March to 15 April 2004 As a renowned expert in Chinese calligraphy, you are invit
27、ed to present as a member of our judges. We would also like to invite you to give away the prizes at the prize presentation ceremony, and to deliver a speech to the audience. I would appreciate it if you would give me a reply at your earliest convenience so that the necessary arrangements can be mad
28、e soon without delay. In case of queries, please do not hesitate to contact me at 24088507 during office hours. Thank you. Yours sincerely. ,建议信或投诉信（suggestion）,先表明要建议或投诉的事件 讲问题清晰的描述，并说明建议或投诉的原因，并提出可供采纳的建议 表达最终圆满解决问题的期望，并做到言语得体,建议信（suggestions）的基本表达,Para 1: Identity + Intention 【Given】 I am _ and I
29、would like to make a few tentative proposals concerning _.（例：the public policy / our library / ）,建议信（suggestions）的基本表达,Para 2: Suggestions（自己编） It would be better if our library could be open 24 hours. OR May I suggest to you that _. （婉转的建议，最后用句号） OR May I have your attention to _?（提请你关注） To improve
30、 the situation, it is advisable to take the following measures. For one thing,-for another,-I do hope that the problems will be solved as soon as possible.,建议信（suggestions）的基本表达,Para3: Thanks【感谢别人花时间关注你的建议】 I appreciate very much any time and trouble you would take in considering my suggestions,投诉信（
31、complaints）的基本表达,Para 1: Identity + Intention I am _sb_ _sth happened_, so I have to write to you for complaint.,投诉信（complaints）的基本表达,Para 2: Loss Description The accident has caused some losses to my life. I am suffering physically and mentally from this accident. To begin with, _. Whats more, _.,投
32、诉信（complaints）的基本表达,Para 3: Requirements （提要求不要客气） I demand that you compensate for my losses. I would like to be informed whether you can refund me the money,投诉信（complaints）的基本表达,Para 4: Request for Reply（口气严厉） I hope a favorable answer can be supplied within two weeks.,试题分析,Directions：You bought a
33、 camera from a reputable electrical shop the other week but found that there were some problems with the camera. Write a letter to the director of the sales department in the shop to tell： (1) what the problems with the camera are； (2) the trouble it caused with you； (3) what you would like them to
34、do about it. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You dont need to write the address.,Dear Sir or Madam， I am afraid I must complain about the bad performance of the camera I bought from your electrical shop. Two weeks ago， I bo
35、ught a camera from you for your good reputation， and last Friday I visited the French art exhibition with it to take some precious photos， but I found all the photos were dim when I saw them. The clerk of the photo studio told me it was caused by the camera. I feel regret very much because the art e
36、xhibition has already been over， that means I will have no opportunity to take these photos again. I cant imagine that such a famous electrical shop like yours provides such kind of bad camera. Now I just want to return the camera， and your manager must make an apology to me. Yours sincerely， Li Min
37、g,辞职信 （quit ones job）,自我介绍，提出辞呈理由 表达感谢，提供一个工作机会 表示歉意,辞职信 （quit ones job）的基本表达,Para 1: Self-introduction and Resignation I am _ and I am writing this letter to quit my position.,辞职信 （quit ones job）的基本表达,Para 2: Reasons,Para 3: Apology【因辞职会给对方带来不便】 I regret to make this decision which, I hope, will no
38、t cause much inconvenience to your work. I regret that I may have caused any inconvenience to your work due to my resignation now,Para 4: Thanks【感谢对方给予的机会】 I am grateful for the opportunity I could be working with all of you. Im grateful for the opportunity you have offered me of being able to work
39、here.,求职信（application）,1.先简单说明消息来源，包含于工作有关的恰当信息，并提出申请 2.自我介绍 3.请求面试机会，请求答复。,求职信（application）的基本表达,Para 1: Intention （陈述意图） 1.I have read your advertisement in(刊物、地点名称)of-（时间） ，and should be grateful if you consider me as a candidate for the position. 2.I am responding to your advertisement in China
40、Daily on January 10th, 2003, which invites applications for interpreters. Enclosed with this letter is my resume which details my background.,求职信（application）的基本表达,Para 2:做过哪些事情【跟我有关】 I shall be pleased to furnish you with any further information concerning my education and work experience.,求职信（appl
41、ication）的基本表达,Para 3:现在打算做哪些事情【跟你有关】,求职信（application）的基本表达,Para 4: Thanks 【参考Inquiry】 I should be very happy if you would arrange an interview with me. I shall be much obliged if you will afford me an opportunity for an interview, and I appreciate a response from at your earliest convenience.,例题分析,Y
42、ou have got your MA degree and apply for the job advertised in the local newspaper. Write a letter to the director of the personnel department including： （1） a brief introduction of yourself and educational qualification； （2） the reasons why you want to get this job； （3） an enquiry into what is requ
43、ired to take up this position. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You dont need to write the address.,Dear Sir or Madam， I am responding to your advertisement in the December 10 issued in China Daily inviting applications for
44、the post of sales manager. This July，I have got my MA degree from Beijing University with excellent performance in both my academic and my after school work as the Chairman of the Students Union. I am fluent in not only English but French,and skilled in computer operation. Last year，I was working as
45、 an international manager for the sales department of the Beijing office of GE (China) as part of my fieldwork required by the degree. I started to develop my skills in the real situation. Also I saw a great improvement in my skills in coordinating， leading and keeping calm in times of urgency. The
46、experience reinforced my understanding of the importance and magic of nurturing an esprit de corps in the department. It would be appreciated if you could tell me what else is required to take up this position. Thank you for your consideration! Sincerely yours， Li Ming,致谢信模版 （thanks）,向对方表示诚挚的谢意。 简要说
47、明感谢的原因。 再次表明感谢之情 I am thankful to you for your unselfish assistance during My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond my words. I wish I could repay someday.,摘 要,汉语1500字,English 100 words,Different Invisible,exact,correct English,谓语,选择谓语要注意时态、人称和数的变化,过去的五十年并不是发明创新的黄金时期。 The past fifty y
48、ears was not really a golden age for inventions and creations. 说明：在这个例子中，原文虽然有明显的时间词提示我们，所选择的谓语需要用过去时态，但是，大多数人忽略了谓语动词需要用单数的问题，所以必须加以注意。,英文的时态,实行改革开放以来改变了过去封闭半封闭状态，提高了我国经济水平。 Since China started to implement the policy of opening up to the outside, its total or semi-closure has been changed and the l
49、evel of its economy and technology has been raised. 说明：在这个例子中，有“以来”这个汉语词提示我们，在译文中要用跟过去相关的时态。同时汉语原文的谓语“改变了”和“提高了”中的“了”也给我们提示，译文需要用完成时态。,英文的时态,中国的饮食方式正在发生许多变化。 Many changes are taking place in Chinas diet style.,被动语态,此外，对于那些刚刚脱贫的人们，他们目前的生活状况必须改善。 Furthermore, the present living conditions must be improved for those who have just freed themselves from poverty. 说明：这个例子中，汉语原文虽然没有明显的被动句的标志词，但是，我们知道“生活状况必须改善”这个主干结构中，逻辑上应该是“生活状况必须被改善”。所以，我们需要选择“改善”这个词来翻译为英语的被动结构。,
